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- PDB-9arv: CryoEM structure of AMETA-A3 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9arv
TitleCryoEM structure of AMETA-A3
Components
  • Immunoglobulin J chain
  • Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
KeywordsIMMUNE SYSTEM / IgM / nanobody
Function / homology
Function and homology information


hexameric IgM immunoglobulin complex / IgM B cell receptor complex / dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex / secretory dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex / pentameric IgM immunoglobulin complex / monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complex / secretory IgA immunoglobulin complex / IgA binding / pre-B cell allelic exclusion / IgM immunoglobulin complex ...hexameric IgM immunoglobulin complex / IgM B cell receptor complex / dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex / secretory dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex / pentameric IgM immunoglobulin complex / monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complex / secretory IgA immunoglobulin complex / IgA binding / pre-B cell allelic exclusion / IgM immunoglobulin complex / glomerular filtration / CD22 mediated BCR regulation / immunoglobulin receptor binding / positive regulation of respiratory burst / humoral immune response / Scavenging of heme from plasma / antigen binding / Antigen activates B Cell Receptor (BCR) leading to generation of second messengers / Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall / B cell receptor signaling pathway / antibacterial humoral response / protein-containing complex assembly / protein-macromolecule adaptor activity / defense response to Gram-negative bacterium / blood microparticle / adaptive immune response / Potential therapeutics for SARS / immune response / innate immune response / cell surface / protein homodimerization activity / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Immunoglobulin J chain / Immunoglobulin J chain / : / Immunoglobulin/major histocompatibility complex, conserved site / Immunoglobulins and major histocompatibility complex proteins signature. / Immunoglobulin C-Type / Immunoglobulin C1-set / Immunoglobulin C1-set domain / Ig-like domain profile. / Immunoglobulin-like domain ...Immunoglobulin J chain / Immunoglobulin J chain / : / Immunoglobulin/major histocompatibility complex, conserved site / Immunoglobulins and major histocompatibility complex proteins signature. / Immunoglobulin C-Type / Immunoglobulin C1-set / Immunoglobulin C1-set domain / Ig-like domain profile. / Immunoglobulin-like domain / Immunoglobulin-like domain superfamily / Immunoglobulin-like fold
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Immunoglobulin J chain / Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.6 Å
AuthorsHuang, W. / Sang, Z. / Taylor, D.
Funding support United States, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)GM133841 United States
CitationJournal: Cell / Year: 2024
Title: Adaptive multi-epitope targeting and avidity-enhanced nanobody platform for ultrapotent, durable antiviral therapy.
Authors: Yufei Xiang / Jialu Xu / Briana L McGovern / Anna Ranzenigo / Wei Huang / Zhe Sang / Juan Shen / Randy Diaz-Tapia / Ngoc Dung Pham / Abraham J P Teunissen / M Luis Rodriguez / Jared Benjamin ...Authors: Yufei Xiang / Jialu Xu / Briana L McGovern / Anna Ranzenigo / Wei Huang / Zhe Sang / Juan Shen / Randy Diaz-Tapia / Ngoc Dung Pham / Abraham J P Teunissen / M Luis Rodriguez / Jared Benjamin / Derek J Taylor / Mandy M T van Leent / Kris M White / Adolfo García-Sastre / Peijun Zhang / Yi Shi /
Abstract: Pathogens constantly evolve and can develop mutations that evade host immunity and treatment. Addressing these escape mechanisms requires targeting evolutionarily conserved vulnerabilities, as ...Pathogens constantly evolve and can develop mutations that evade host immunity and treatment. Addressing these escape mechanisms requires targeting evolutionarily conserved vulnerabilities, as mutations in these regions often impose fitness costs. We introduce adaptive multi-epitope targeting with enhanced avidity (AMETA), a modular and multivalent nanobody platform that conjugates potent bispecific nanobodies to a human immunoglobulin M (IgM) scaffold. AMETA can display 20+ nanobodies, enabling superior avidity binding to multiple conserved and neutralizing epitopes. By leveraging multi-epitope SARS-CoV-2 nanobodies and structure-guided design, AMETA constructs exponentially enhance antiviral potency, surpassing monomeric nanobodies by over a million-fold. These constructs demonstrate ultrapotent, broad, and durable efficacy against pathogenic sarbecoviruses, including Omicron sublineages, with robust preclinical results. Structural analysis through cryoelectron microscopy and modeling has uncovered multiple antiviral mechanisms within a single construct. At picomolar to nanomolar concentrations, AMETA efficiently induces inter-spike and inter-virus cross-linking, promoting spike post-fusion and striking viral disarmament. AMETA's modularity enables rapid, cost-effective production and adaptation to evolving pathogens.
History
DepositionFeb 23, 2024Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Nov 6, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Nov 27, 2024Group: Data collection / Category: em_admin / Item: _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.2Dec 11, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / em_admin
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
B: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
C: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
D: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
E: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
J: Immunoglobulin J chain
L: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
M: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
N: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
O: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
P: Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)431,85416
Polymers430,74811
Non-polymers1,1065
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein
Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu / Ig mu chain C region / Ig mu chain C region BOT / Ig mu chain C region GAL / Ig mu chain C region ...Ig mu chain C region / Ig mu chain C region BOT / Ig mu chain C region GAL / Ig mu chain C region OU / IgM Fc scaffold heavy chain


Mass: 41152.266 Da / Num. of mol.: 10
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: IGHM / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P01871
#2: Protein Immunoglobulin J chain / Joining chain of multimeric IgA and IgM / IgM Fc scaffold J-chain


Mass: 19225.762 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: JCHAIN, IGCJ, IGJ / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P01591
#3: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Adaptive Multi-Epitope Targeting and Avidity-Enhanced (AMETA) Nanobody Platform
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#2 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 500 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 34 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOCONTINUUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.21rc1_5015 / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 233181 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementCross valid method: NONE
Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 190.48 Å2
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.002418986
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.486626004
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.04163076
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.00433332
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d3.48822582

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