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- PDB-8zmd: Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2)/Gq complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8zmd
TitleProtease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2)/Gq complex
Components
  • Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
  • Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
  • Proteinase-activated receptor 2
  • engineered G alpha q
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / GPCR-G-protein complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium / positive regulation of renin secretion into blood stream / positive regulation of eosinophil degranulation / leukocyte proliferation / mature conventional dendritic cell differentiation / positive regulation of glomerular filtration / regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production / negative regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway / positive regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway / thrombin-activated receptor activity ...positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium / positive regulation of renin secretion into blood stream / positive regulation of eosinophil degranulation / leukocyte proliferation / mature conventional dendritic cell differentiation / positive regulation of glomerular filtration / regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production / negative regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway / positive regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway / thrombin-activated receptor activity / positive regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway / positive regulation of actin filament depolymerization / cell-cell junction maintenance / positive regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway / T cell activation involved in immune response / positive regulation of pseudopodium assembly / positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response / negative regulation of chemokine production / positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment / neutrophil activation / positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis / positive regulation of chemotaxis / establishment of endothelial barrier / positive regulation of positive chemotaxis / regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction / regulation of JNK cascade / negative regulation of JNK cascade / leukocyte migration / regulation of blood coagulation / positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction / pseudopodium / positive regulation of interleukin-10 production / positive regulation of GTPase activity / G-protein alpha-subunit binding / negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway / positive regulation of superoxide anion generation / positive regulation of chemokine production / Peptide ligand-binding receptors / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / positive regulation of interleukin-8 production / positive regulation of JNK cascade / negative regulation of insulin secretion / G protein-coupled receptor activity / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / vasodilation / positive regulation of type II interferon production / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / blood coagulation / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / GPER1 signaling / G-protein beta-subunit binding / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / signaling receptor activity / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / sensory perception of taste / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration / retina development in camera-type eye / GTPase binding / protease binding / Ca2+ pathway / fibroblast proliferation / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / defense response to virus / G alpha (q) signalling events / Ras protein signal transduction / early endosome
Similarity search - Function
Protease-activated receptor 2 / Protease-activated receptor / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein ...Protease-activated receptor 2 / Protease-activated receptor / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Proteinase-activated receptor 2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.25 Å
AuthorsHe, Y. / Zhu, X.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)32070048 China
CitationJournal: Cell Discov / Year: 2025
Title: Structural basis of protease-activated receptor 2 activation and biased agonism.
Authors: Xinyan Zhu / Ruixue Xia / Anqi Zhang / Changyou Guo / Zhenmei Xu / Yuanzheng He /
Abstract: Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is a transmembrane receptor that is irreversibly activated by proteolytic cleavage of its N-terminus via extracellular proteases, resulting in the release of the ...Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is a transmembrane receptor that is irreversibly activated by proteolytic cleavage of its N-terminus via extracellular proteases, resulting in the release of the tethered ligand (TL), which binds to and activates the receptor. PAR2 plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory response and pain sensation and is a promising drug target for treating arthritis, asthma, and neuronal pain. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structures of active PAR2 complexed with miniG and miniG. Combining functional assays with structural analysis, our study revealed that TL forms a parallel β-sheet with the extracellular loop 2 of PAR2 to engage the receptor. The binding of TL triggers a conformational rearrangement in the transmembrane core, releasing the inhibitory ion lock and allowing receptor activation. Furthermore, we provide structural insights into the engagement of G and G with PAR2, highlighting that a hydrophobic interaction mediated by the last methionine residue of Gα is crucial for G coupling selectivity. In combination with molecular dynamics simulations and mutagenesis, we identified the I39/D62 interaction at the pocket side of the receptor as a key determinant of G signaling. Disrupting this interaction significantly inhibits G signaling while preserving G activity, enabling us to design a biased peptide ligand that selectively activates G signaling. The information revealed in this study provides a framework for understanding PAR2 signaling and offers a rational basis for the design of biased PAR2 ligands.
History
DepositionMay 23, 2024Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
Revision 1.0May 28, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 28, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 28, 2025Data content type: FSC / Data content type: FSC / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 28, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
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Revision 1.0May 28, 2025Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jul 23, 2025Group: Data collection / Category: em_admin / em_software / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name
Revision 1.1Jul 23, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Data processing / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: em_admin / em_software / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name
Revision 1.2Dec 10, 2025Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: engineered G alpha q
B: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
G: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
R: Proteinase-activated receptor 2


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)131,8054
Polymers131,8054
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein engineered G alpha q


Mass: 41855.578 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
#2: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Transducin beta chain 1


Mass: 37915.496 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNB1 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P62873
#3: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / G gamma-I


Mass: 7861.143 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNG2 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P59768
#4: Protein Proteinase-activated receptor 2 / PAR-2 / Coagulation factor II receptor-like 1 / G-protein coupled receptor 11 / Thrombin receptor-like 1


Mass: 44173.203 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: F2RL1, GPR11, PAR2 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P55085
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: GPCR/G-protein complex / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 130 kDa/nm / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Buffer solutionpH: 7
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Tecnai F30 / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TECNAI F30
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2200 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1200 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.25 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 280638 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementStereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0067593
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.70510289
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d4.9821019
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0491181
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0051297

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