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- PDB-8u1x: The structure of the PP2A-B56Delta holoenzyme mutant - E197K -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8u1x
TitleThe structure of the PP2A-B56Delta holoenzyme mutant - E197K
Components
  • Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform
  • Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform
  • Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform
KeywordsCELL CYCLE / complex / phosphatase
Function / homology
Function and homology information


meiotic spindle elongation / Integration of energy metabolism / PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of key metabolic factors / MASTL Facilitates Mitotic Progression / regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation / mitotic sister chromatid separation / protein phosphatase type 2A complex / protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex / peptidyl-threonine dephosphorylation / meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric ...meiotic spindle elongation / Integration of energy metabolism / PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of key metabolic factors / MASTL Facilitates Mitotic Progression / regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation / mitotic sister chromatid separation / protein phosphatase type 2A complex / protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex / peptidyl-threonine dephosphorylation / meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric / peptidyl-serine dephosphorylation / FAR/SIN/STRIPAK complex / : / Regulation of glycolysis by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolism / female meiotic nuclear division / Inhibition of replication initiation of damaged DNA by RB1/E2F1 / meiotic sister chromatid cohesion / GABA receptor binding / protein phosphatase regulator activity / protein antigen binding / APC truncation mutants have impaired AXIN binding / AXIN missense mutants destabilize the destruction complex / Truncations of AMER1 destabilize the destruction complex / positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand / ERKs are inactivated / Initiation of Nuclear Envelope (NE) Reformation / Beta-catenin phosphorylation cascade / Signaling by GSK3beta mutants / CTNNB1 S33 mutants aren't phosphorylated / CTNNB1 S37 mutants aren't phosphorylated / CTNNB1 S45 mutants aren't phosphorylated / CTNNB1 T41 mutants aren't phosphorylated / Co-stimulation by CD28 / regulation of growth / Disassembly of the destruction complex and recruitment of AXIN to the membrane / negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition / Co-inhibition by CTLA4 / protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity / Platelet sensitization by LDL / histone H2AXS140 phosphatase activity / RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat Y1 phosphatase activity / RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat T4 phosphatase activity / RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S2 phosphatase activity / RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S5 phosphatase activity / RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S7 phosphatase activity / MAP kinase serine/threonine phosphatase activity / calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity / myosin phosphatase activity / protein-serine/threonine phosphatase / negative regulation of glycolytic process through fructose-6-phosphate / positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly / ERK/MAPK targets / T cell homeostasis / mesoderm development / vascular endothelial cell response to oscillatory fluid shear stress / regulation of cell differentiation / regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle / phosphoprotein phosphatase activity / protein phosphatase activator activity / chromosome, centromeric region / DARPP-32 events / positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity / lateral plasma membrane / negative regulation of hippo signaling / Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) enhanced by the Exon Junction Complex (EJC) / Cyclin A/B1/B2 associated events during G2/M transition / spindle assembly / protein dephosphorylation / Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal / Mitotic Prometaphase / EML4 and NUDC in mitotic spindle formation / protein tyrosine phosphatase activity / Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes / Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome / Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes / negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction / Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes / Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane / Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion / AURKA Activation by TPX2 / Turbulent (oscillatory, disturbed) flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and integrins in endothelial cells / meiotic cell cycle / chromosome segregation / RHO GTPases Activate Formins / RAF activation / response to lead ion / Spry regulation of FGF signaling / PKR-mediated signaling / Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex / tau protein binding / spindle pole / Negative regulation of MAPK pathway / Cyclin D associated events in G1 / Separation of Sister Chromatids / Regulation of TP53 Degradation / Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition / nervous system development / mitotic cell cycle / microtubule cytoskeleton / PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling
Similarity search - Function
Protein phosphatase 2A, regulatory B subunit, B56 / Protein phosphatase 2A regulatory B subunit (B56 family) / : / : / HEAT repeat / HEAT repeat / : / PPP2R1A-like HEAT repeat / Serine/threonine specific protein phosphatases signature. / Protein phosphatase 2A homologues, catalytic domain. ...Protein phosphatase 2A, regulatory B subunit, B56 / Protein phosphatase 2A regulatory B subunit (B56 family) / : / : / HEAT repeat / HEAT repeat / : / PPP2R1A-like HEAT repeat / Serine/threonine specific protein phosphatases signature. / Protein phosphatase 2A homologues, catalytic domain. / Serine/threonine-specific protein phosphatase/bis(5-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase / HEAT repeat profile. / HEAT, type 2 / HEAT repeats / Calcineurin-like phosphoesterase domain, ApaH type / Calcineurin-like phosphoesterase / Metallo-dependent phosphatase-like / Armadillo-like helical / Armadillo-type fold
Similarity search - Domain/homology
: / Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform / Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform / Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.7 Å
AuthorsWu, C.G. / Xing, Y.
Funding support United States, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)R01 GM137090-01 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)GM 145811 United States
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2024
Title: B56δ long-disordered arms form a dynamic PP2A regulation interface coupled with global allostery and Jordan's syndrome mutations.
Authors: Cheng-Guo Wu / Vijaya K Balakrishnan / Ronald A Merrill / Pankaj S Parihar / Kirill Konovolov / Yu-Chia Chen / Zhen Xu / Hui Wei / Ramya Sundaresan / Qiang Cui / Brian E Wadzinski / Mark R ...Authors: Cheng-Guo Wu / Vijaya K Balakrishnan / Ronald A Merrill / Pankaj S Parihar / Kirill Konovolov / Yu-Chia Chen / Zhen Xu / Hui Wei / Ramya Sundaresan / Qiang Cui / Brian E Wadzinski / Mark R Swingle / Alla Musiyenko / Wendy K Chung / Richard E Honkanen / Aussie Suzuki / Xuhui Huang / Stefan Strack / Yongna Xing /
Abstract: Intrinsically disordered regions (IDR) and short linear motifs (SLiMs) play pivotal roles in the intricate signaling networks governed by phosphatases and kinases. B56δ (encoded by ) is a regulatory ...Intrinsically disordered regions (IDR) and short linear motifs (SLiMs) play pivotal roles in the intricate signaling networks governed by phosphatases and kinases. B56δ (encoded by ) is a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) with long IDRs that harbor a substrate-mimicking SLiM and multiple phosphorylation sites. De novo missense mutations in cause intellectual disabilities (ID), macrocephaly, Parkinsonism, and a broad range of neurological symptoms. Our single-particle cryo-EM structures of the PP2A-B56δ holoenzyme reveal that the long, disordered arms at the B56δ termini fold against each other and the holoenzyme core. This architecture suppresses both the phosphatase active site and the substrate-binding protein groove, thereby stabilizing the enzyme in a closed latent form with dual autoinhibition. The resulting interface spans over 190 Å and harbors unfavorable contacts, activation phosphorylation sites, and nearly all residues with ID-associated mutations. Our studies suggest that this dynamic interface is coupled to an allosteric network responsive to phosphorylation and altered globally by mutations. Furthermore, we found that ID mutations increase the holoenzyme activity and perturb the phosphorylation rates, and the severe variants significantly increase the mitotic duration and error rates compared to the normal variant.
History
DepositionSep 4, 2023Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Jan 17, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform
B: Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform
C: Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)171,2145
Polymers171,1043
Non-polymers1102
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform / Medium tumor antigen-associated 61 kDa protein / PP2A subunit A isoform PR65-alpha / PP2A subunit A ...Medium tumor antigen-associated 61 kDa protein / PP2A subunit A isoform PR65-alpha / PP2A subunit A isoform R1-alpha


Mass: 65378.344 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: PPP2R1A / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) / References: UniProt: P30153
#2: Protein Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform


Mass: 70089.742 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: E197K
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: PPP2R5D / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: Q14738
#3: Protein Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform / PP2A-alpha / Replication protein C / RP-C


Mass: 35636.152 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: PPP2CA / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
References: UniProt: P67775, protein-serine/threonine phosphatase
#4: Chemical ChemComp-MN / MANGANESE (II) ION


Mass: 54.938 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Mn / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
Has ligand of interestY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Protein Phosphatase 2A B56 Delta holoenzyme mutant - E197K
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#3 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenConc.: 0.4 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid type: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2200 nm / Nominal defocus min: 700 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 49 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1cryoSPARC3particle selection
4cryoSPARC3CTF correction
11cryoSPARC3final Euler assignment
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.7 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 367763 / Symmetry type: POINT

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