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- PDB-8pk3: CryoEM reconstruction of hemagglutinin HK68 of Influenza A virus ... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8pk3
TitleCryoEM reconstruction of hemagglutinin HK68 of Influenza A virus bound to an Affimer reagent
Components
  • (Hemagglutinin ...) x 2
  • Affimer molecule (A31)
KeywordsANTIVIRAL PROTEIN / Complex / Inhibitor / CryoEM / Antiviral
Function / homology
Function and homology information


viral budding from plasma membrane / clathrin-dependent endocytosis of virus by host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / membrane
Similarity search - Function
Haemagglutinin, influenzavirus A / Haemagglutinin, HA1 chain, alpha/beta domain superfamily / Haemagglutinin / Haemagglutinin, influenzavirus A/B / Viral capsid/haemagglutinin protein
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Hemagglutinin / Hemagglutinin
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesInfluenza A virus
synthetic construct (others)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.4 Å
AuthorsDebski-Antoniak, O. / Flynn, A. / Klebl, D.P. / Tiede, C. / Muench, S. / Tomlinson, D. / Fontana, J.
Funding support1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Wellcome TrustSpringboard Award
CitationJournal: mBio / Year: 2024
Title: Exploiting the Affimer platform against influenza A virus.
Authors: Oliver Debski-Antoniak / Alex Flynn / David P Klebl / Moisés H Rojas Rechy / Christian Tiede / Ian A Wilson / Stephen P Muench / Darren Tomlinson / Juan Fontana /
Abstract: Influenza A virus (IAV) is well known for its pandemic potential. While current surveillance and vaccination strategies are highly effective, therapeutic approaches are often short-lived due to the ...Influenza A virus (IAV) is well known for its pandemic potential. While current surveillance and vaccination strategies are highly effective, therapeutic approaches are often short-lived due to the high mutation rates of IAV. Recently, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, both against current strains and future IAV pandemics. In addition to mAbs, several antibody-like alternatives exist, which aim to improve upon mAbs. Among these, Affimers stand out for their short development time, high expression levels in , and animal-free production. In this study, we utilized the Affimer platform to isolate and produce specific and potent inhibitors of IAV. Using a monomeric version of the IAV trimeric hemagglutinin (HA) fusion protein, we isolated 12 Affimers that inhibit IAV infection . Two of these Affimers were characterized in detail and exhibited nanomolar-binding affinities to the target H3 HA protein, specifically binding to the HA1 head domain. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), employing a novel spray approach to prepare cryo-grids, allowed us to image HA-Affimer complexes. Combined with functional assays, we determined that these Affimers inhibit IAV by blocking the interaction of HA with the host-cell receptor, sialic acid. Furthermore, these Affimers inhibited IAV strains closely related to the one used for their isolation. Overall, our results support the use of Affimers as a viable alternative to existing targeted therapies for IAV and highlight their potential as diagnostic reagents.
IMPORTANCE: Influenza A virus is one of the few viruses that can cause devastating pandemics. Due to the high mutation rates of this virus, annual vaccination is required, and antivirals are short- ...IMPORTANCE: Influenza A virus is one of the few viruses that can cause devastating pandemics. Due to the high mutation rates of this virus, annual vaccination is required, and antivirals are short-lived. Monoclonal antibodies present a promising approach to tackle influenza virus infections but are associated with some limitations. To improve on this strategy, we explored the Affimer platform, which are antibody-like proteins made in bacteria. By performing phage-display against a monomeric version of influenza virus fusion protein, an established viral target, we were able to isolate Affimers that inhibit influenza virus infection . We characterized the mechanism of inhibition of the Affimers by using assays targeting different stages of the viral replication cycle. We additionally characterized HA-Affimer complex structure, using a novel approach to prepare samples for cryo-electron microscopy. Overall, these results show that Affimers are a promising tool against influenza virus infection.
History
DepositionJun 24, 2023Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Jan 3, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1May 29, 2024Group: Data processing / Category: em_3d_reconstruction / Item: _em_3d_reconstruction.resolution_method
Revision 1.2Aug 28, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.3Nov 13, 2024Group: Data collection / Structure summary
Category: em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Hemagglutinin HA1 chain
D: Hemagglutinin HA2 chain
G: Affimer molecule (A31)
B: Hemagglutinin HA1 chain
E: Hemagglutinin HA2 chain
H: Affimer molecule (A31)
C: Hemagglutinin HA1 chain
F: Hemagglutinin HA2 chain
I: Affimer molecule (A31)
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)203,49521
Polymers198,1629
Non-polymers5,33312
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area45370 Å2
ΔGint-93 kcal/mol
Surface area74170 Å2

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Components

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Hemagglutinin ... , 2 types, 6 molecules ABCDEF

#1: Protein Hemagglutinin HA1 chain


Mass: 35349.754 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Influenza A virus / Gene: HA / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q91MA7
#2: Protein Hemagglutinin HA2 chain


Mass: 20212.350 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Influenza A virus / Gene: HA / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P03437

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Protein , 1 types, 3 molecules GHI

#3: Protein Affimer molecule (A31)


Mass: 10491.819 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) synthetic construct (others) / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)

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Sugars , 3 types, 12 molecules

#4: Polysaccharide 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#5: Polysaccharide alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 910.823 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-3[DManpa1-6]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,5,4/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-e1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#6: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 6
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0

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Details

Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: CryoEM reconstruction of hemagglutinin HK68 of Influenza A virus bound to an Affimer reagent
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #2-#3 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Influenza A virus
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: OTHER / Nominal defocus max: 4000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 2000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 56.2 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k)

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Processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING ONLY
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.4 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 104544 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00514721
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.85819932
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d6.4742109
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0542241
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0062574

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