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- PDB-8jfk: PhK holoenzyme in inactive state, muscle isoform -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8jfk
TitlePhK holoenzyme in inactive state, muscle isoform
Components
  • Calmodulin-1
  • Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform
  • Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform
  • Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta
KeywordsCYTOSOLIC PROTEIN / glycogen phosphorylase b kinase / muscle isoform / inactive state
Function / homology
Function and homology information


phosphorylase kinase / phosphorylase kinase activity / phosphorylase kinase complex / positive regulation of glycogen catabolic process / tau-protein kinase / CaM pathway / Cam-PDE 1 activation / Sodium/Calcium exchangers / Calmodulin induced events / Reduction of cytosolic Ca++ levels ...phosphorylase kinase / phosphorylase kinase activity / phosphorylase kinase complex / positive regulation of glycogen catabolic process / tau-protein kinase / CaM pathway / Cam-PDE 1 activation / Sodium/Calcium exchangers / Calmodulin induced events / Reduction of cytosolic Ca++ levels / Activation of Ca-permeable Kainate Receptor / CREB1 phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKII/CaMKK/CaMKIV cascasde / Loss of phosphorylation of MECP2 at T308 / CREB1 phosphorylation through the activation of Adenylate Cyclase / PKA activation / CaMK IV-mediated phosphorylation of CREB / negative regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity / Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) / CLEC7A (Dectin-1) induces NFAT activation / Activation of RAC1 downstream of NMDARs / negative regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane / organelle localization by membrane tethering / mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum membrane tethering / autophagosome membrane docking / glycogen metabolic process / presynaptic endocytosis / regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential / positive regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity / Synthesis of IP3 and IP4 in the cytosol / regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction / Phase 0 - rapid depolarisation / Negative regulation of NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal transmission / negative regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity / Unblocking of NMDA receptors, glutamate binding and activation / RHO GTPases activate PAKs / calcineurin-mediated signaling / Ion transport by P-type ATPases / Uptake and function of anthrax toxins / Long-term potentiation / Calcineurin activates NFAT / protein phosphatase activator activity / Regulation of MECP2 expression and activity / regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity / DARPP-32 events / Smooth Muscle Contraction / catalytic complex / detection of calcium ion / regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs / regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion / presynaptic cytosol / calcium channel inhibitor activity / cellular response to interferon-beta / Protein methylation / Activation of AMPK downstream of NMDARs / Ion homeostasis / regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum / eNOS activation / regulation of calcium-mediated signaling / Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, recycling, salvage and regulation / titin binding / voltage-gated potassium channel complex / sperm midpiece / substantia nigra development / calcium channel complex / calyx of Held / FCERI mediated Ca+2 mobilization / Ras activation upon Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptor / FCGR3A-mediated IL10 synthesis / adenylate cyclase activator activity / regulation of heart rate / Antigen activates B Cell Receptor (BCR) leading to generation of second messengers / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation / sarcomere / regulation of cytokinesis / VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability / generation of precursor metabolites and energy / Translocation of SLC2A4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane / positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT / spindle microtubule / RAF activation / Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis / Stimuli-sensing channels / cellular response to type II interferon / long-term synaptic potentiation / response to calcium ion / RAS processing / spindle pole / Signaling by RAF1 mutants / Signaling by moderate kinase activity BRAF mutants / Paradoxical activation of RAF signaling by kinase inactive BRAF / Signaling downstream of RAS mutants / calcium-dependent protein binding / G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle / Signaling by BRAF and RAF1 fusions / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / Platelet degranulation / myelin sheath / Ca2+ pathway
Similarity search - Function
Phosphorylase kinase alpha/beta subunit / Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha/beta, C-terminal domain / Phosphorylase b kinase C-terminal domain / Phosphorylase kinase, gamma catalytic subunit / GH15-like domain / Glycosyl hydrolases family 15 / Six-hairpin glycosidase-like superfamily / Six-hairpin glycosidase superfamily / : / EF-hand domain pair ...Phosphorylase kinase alpha/beta subunit / Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha/beta, C-terminal domain / Phosphorylase b kinase C-terminal domain / Phosphorylase kinase, gamma catalytic subunit / GH15-like domain / Glycosyl hydrolases family 15 / Six-hairpin glycosidase-like superfamily / Six-hairpin glycosidase superfamily / : / EF-hand domain pair / EF-hand, calcium binding motif / EF-Hand 1, calcium-binding site / EF-hand calcium-binding domain. / EF-hand calcium-binding domain profile. / EF-hand domain / EF-hand domain pair / Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site / Serine/Threonine protein kinases active-site signature. / Protein kinase domain / Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain / Protein kinase, ATP binding site / Protein kinases ATP-binding region signature. / Protein kinase domain profile. / Protein kinase domain / Protein kinase-like domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
FARNESYL / Calmodulin-1 / Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform / Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform / Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.9 Å
AuthorsYang, X.K. / Xiao, J.Y.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) China
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2024
Title: Architecture and activation of human muscle phosphorylase kinase.
Authors: Xiaoke Yang / Mingqi Zhu / Xue Lu / Yuxin Wang / Junyu Xiao /
Abstract: The study of phosphorylase kinase (PhK)-regulated glycogen metabolism has contributed to the fundamental understanding of protein phosphorylation; however, the molecular mechanism of PhK remains ...The study of phosphorylase kinase (PhK)-regulated glycogen metabolism has contributed to the fundamental understanding of protein phosphorylation; however, the molecular mechanism of PhK remains poorly understood. Here we present the high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of human muscle PhK. The 1.3-megadalton PhK αβγδ hexadecamer consists of a tetramer of tetramer, wherein four αβγδ modules are connected by the central β scaffold. The α- and β-subunits possess glucoamylase-like domains, but exhibit no detectable enzyme activities. The α-subunit serves as a bridge between the β-subunit and the γδ subcomplex, and facilitates the γ-subunit to adopt an autoinhibited state. Ca-free calmodulin (δ-subunit) binds to the γ-subunit in a compact conformation. Upon binding of Ca, a conformational change occurs, allowing for the de-inhibition of the γ-subunit through a spring-loaded mechanism. We also reveal an ADP-binding pocket in the β-subunit, which plays a role in allosterically enhancing PhK activity. These results provide molecular insights of this important kinase complex.
History
DepositionMay 18, 2023Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
Revision 1.0Apr 3, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Apr 10, 2024Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title
Revision 1.2Nov 6, 2024Group: Data collection / Structure summary
Category: em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
B: Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta
M: Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform
A: Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform
N: Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta
J: Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta
I: Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform
F: Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta
E: Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform
D: Calmodulin-1
C: Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform
H: Calmodulin-1
G: Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform
L: Calmodulin-1
K: Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform
P: Calmodulin-1
O: Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)1,299,40924
Polymers1,297,75816
Non-polymers1,6518
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein
Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta / Phosphorylase kinase subunit beta


Mass: 125032.961 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: PHKB / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q93100
#2: Protein
Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform / Phosphorylase kinase alpha M subunit


Mass: 137469.422 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: PHKA1, PHKA / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P46020
#3: Protein
Calmodulin-1


Mass: 16852.545 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: CALM1, CALM, CAM, CAM1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P0DP23
#4: Protein
Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform / PHK-gamma-M / Phosphorylase kinase subunit gamma-1 / Serine/threonine-protein kinase PHKG1


Mass: 45084.672 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: PHKG1, PHKG / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: Q16816, phosphorylase kinase, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase, tau-protein kinase
#5: Chemical
ChemComp-FAR / FARNESYL


Mass: 206.367 Da / Num. of mol.: 8 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C15H26 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: phosphorylase b kinase, muscle isoform / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#2, #4, #3 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 6.8
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: SPOT SCAN
Electron lensMode: OTHER / Nominal defocus max: 1500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1100 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 1.5 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.19.2_4158: / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.9 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 623973 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00583144
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d1.098112548
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d6.95111144
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.05812504
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.00914528

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