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- PDB-8fr7: A hinge glycan regulates spike bending and impacts coronavirus in... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8fr7
TitleA hinge glycan regulates spike bending and impacts coronavirus infectivity
ComponentsSpike glycoprotein
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / NL63 / coronavirus / glycan
Function / homology
Function and homology information


host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion membrane / membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike glycoprotein, Alphacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S1, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2, intravirion / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 ...Spike glycoprotein, Alphacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S1, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2, intravirion / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesHuman coronavirus NL63
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.39 Å
AuthorsPintilie, G. / Wilson, E. / Chmielewski, D. / Schmid, M.F. / Jin, J. / Chen, M. / Singharoy, A. / Chiu, W.
Funding support United States, 8items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)R01AI148382 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)S10OD021600 United States
Department of Energy (DOE, United States) United States
National Institutes of Health/National Eye Institute (NIH/NEI)R01GM080139 United States
National Science Foundation (NSF, United States)MCB-1942763 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)1R01NS119505-01A1 United States
National Science Foundation (NSF, United States)ACI-1548562 United States
Department of Energy (DOE, United States)DE-AC05-00OR22725 United States
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2023
Title: Structural insights into the modulation of coronavirus spike tilting and infectivity by hinge glycans.
Authors: David Chmielewski / Eric A Wilson / Grigore Pintilie / Peng Zhao / Muyuan Chen / Michael F Schmid / Graham Simmons / Lance Wells / Jing Jin / Abhishek Singharoy / Wah Chiu /
Abstract: Coronavirus spike glycoproteins presented on the virion surface mediate receptor binding, and membrane fusion during virus entry and constitute the primary target for vaccine and drug development. ...Coronavirus spike glycoproteins presented on the virion surface mediate receptor binding, and membrane fusion during virus entry and constitute the primary target for vaccine and drug development. How the structure dynamics of the full-length spikes incorporated in viral lipid envelope correlates with the virus infectivity remains poorly understood. Here we present structures and distributions of native spike conformations on vitrified human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) virions without chemical fixation by cryogenic electron tomography (cryoET) and subtomogram averaging, along with site-specific glycan composition and occupancy determined by mass spectrometry. The higher oligomannose glycan shield on HCoV-NL63 spikes than on SARS-CoV-2 spikes correlates with stronger immune evasion of HCoV-NL63. Incorporation of cryoET-derived native spike conformations into all-atom molecular dynamic simulations elucidate the conformational landscape of the glycosylated, full-length spike that reveals a role of hinge glycans in modulating spike bending. We show that glycosylation at N1242 at the upper portion of the stalk is responsible for the extensive orientational freedom of the spike crown. Subsequent infectivity assays implicated involvement of N1242-glyan in virus entry. Our results suggest a potential therapeutic target site for HCoV-NL63.
History
DepositionJan 6, 2023Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Oct 4, 2023Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Oct 16, 2024Group: Database references / Structure summary
Category: citation / citation_author ...citation / citation_author / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Spike glycoprotein
C: Spike glycoprotein
B: Spike glycoprotein
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)598,867122
Polymers449,8623
Non-polymers149,005119
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: mass spectrometry
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Protein , 1 types, 3 molecules ACB

#1: Protein Spike glycoprotein / S glycoprotein / E2 / Peplomer protein


Mass: 149954.109 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Human coronavirus NL63 / Gene: S, 2 / Cell line (production host): Vero E6 / Organ (production host): kidney / Production host: Chlorocebus pygerythrus (vervet) / References: UniProt: Q6Q1S2

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Sugars , 9 types, 119 molecules

#2: Polysaccharide...
alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 1235.105 Da / Num. of mol.: 36
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-3[DManpa1-6]DManpa1-3[DManpa1-6]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,7,6/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-g1_d3-e1_d6-f1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#3: Polysaccharide...
alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)-[alpha-D- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 1235.105 Da / Num. of mol.: 57
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-3[DManpa1-6]DManpa1-6[DManpa1-3]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,7,6/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-e1_e3-f1_e6-g1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#4: Polysaccharide alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)]alpha-D- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)]alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 1559.386 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-2DManpa1-2[DManpa1-3]DManpa1-3[DManpa1-2DManpa1-6]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,9,8/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3-3-3-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-h1_d2-e1_d3-g1_e2-f1_h2-i1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(2+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(2+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(2+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#5: Polysaccharide beta-D-galactopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose- ...beta-D-galactopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[beta-D-galactopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 1641.490 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGalpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-2DManpa1-3[DGalpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-2DManpa1-6]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/4,9,8/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5][a2112h-1b_1-5]/1-1-2-3-1-4-3-1-4/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-g1_d2-e1_e4-f1_g2-h1_h4-i1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(2+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Galp]{}}}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(2+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Galp]{}}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#6: Polysaccharide alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 1397.245 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-2DManpa1-2DManpa1-3[DManpa1-3DManpa1-6]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,8,7/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3-3-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-g1_d2-e1_e2-f1_g3-h1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(2+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(2+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#7: Polysaccharide beta-D-galactopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-beta-D-galactopyranose- ...beta-D-galactopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-beta-D-galactopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-3)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)-[alpha-L-fucopyranose-(1-6)-beta-D-galactopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-3)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 2152.965 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGalpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGalpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-3DManpa1-6[LFucpa1-6DGalpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-3DManpa1-3]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/5,12,11/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5][a2112h-1b_1-5][a1221m-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-1-4-5-3-1-4-1-4/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-h1_d3-e1_e4-f1_f6-g1_h3-i1_i4-j1_j4-k1_k4-l1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Galp]{[(6+1)][a-L-Fucp]{}}}}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Galp]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Galp]{}}}}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#8: Polysaccharide alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 910.823 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-3[DManpa1-6]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,5,4/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-e1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#9: Polysaccharide 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#10: Polysaccharide
alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)-[alpha-D- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 1235.105 Da / Num. of mol.: 8
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-4[DManpa1-6]DManpa1-6[DManpa1-4]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,7,6/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c4-d1_c6-e1_e4-f1_e6-g1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(4+1)][a-D-Manp]{}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(4+1)][a-D-Manp]{}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: HCoV-NL63 spike trimer / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: NATURAL
Molecular weightValue: 0.6 MDa / Experimental value: YES
Source (natural)Organism: unidentified human coronavirus
Buffer solutionpH: 8 / Details: 20 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 120 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA
SpecimenConc.: 4.5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES / Details: HCoV-NL63 virions
Specimen supportGrid material: COPPER / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 64000 X / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 600 nm / Calibrated defocus min: 400 nm / Calibrated defocus max: 30000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 70 µm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 3 sec. / Electron dose: 48 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 / Num. of real images: 4138
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: GIF Bioquantum / Energyfilter slit width: 15 eV

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1EMAN22.3particle selection
2EPU2.7image acquisition
4cryoSPARC2CTF correction
7UCSF Chimera1.41model fitting
12cryoSPARC23D reconstruction
13PHENIX1.19model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 944822
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.39 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 82030 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Target criteria: Cross-correlation

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