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- PDB-7xrd: Cryo-EM structure of Arf6 helical polymer assembled on lipid membrane -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7xrd
TitleCryo-EM structure of Arf6 helical polymer assembled on lipid membrane
ComponentsADP-ribosylation factor 6
KeywordsLIPID BINDING PROTEIN / small GTPase / helical polymer / membrane tubulation
Function / homology
Function and homology information


erythrocyte apoptotic process / maintenance of postsynaptic density structure / protein localization to cleavage furrow / positive regulation of mitotic cytokinetic process / negative regulation of dendrite development / establishment of epithelial cell polarity / regulation of dendritic spine development / regulation of Rac protein signal transduction / protein localization to endosome / negative regulation of protein localization to cell surface ...erythrocyte apoptotic process / maintenance of postsynaptic density structure / protein localization to cleavage furrow / positive regulation of mitotic cytokinetic process / negative regulation of dendrite development / establishment of epithelial cell polarity / regulation of dendritic spine development / regulation of Rac protein signal transduction / protein localization to endosome / negative regulation of protein localization to cell surface / negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis / ruffle assembly / positive regulation of keratinocyte migration / positive regulation of focal adhesion disassembly / regulation of filopodium assembly / endocytic recycling / MET receptor recycling / thioesterase binding / Flemming body / filopodium membrane / protein localization to cell surface / TBC/RABGAPs / cortical actin cytoskeleton organization / positive regulation of actin filament polymerization / hepatocyte apoptotic process / cleavage furrow / synaptic vesicle endocytosis / endocytic vesicle / regulation of presynapse assembly / vesicle-mediated transport / ruffle / signaling adaptor activity / liver development / small monomeric GTPase / protein localization to plasma membrane / positive regulation of protein secretion / positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane / intracellular protein transport / cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus / positive regulation of neuron projection development / recycling endosome membrane / GDP binding / nervous system development / presynapse / Clathrin-mediated endocytosis / G protein activity / midbody / cell cortex / early endosome membrane / cell differentiation / postsynapse / endosome / cell adhesion / cell division / focal adhesion / GTPase activity / GTP binding / glutamatergic synapse / Golgi apparatus / extracellular exosome / membrane / plasma membrane / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
ADP-ribosylation factor 6 / Small GTPase superfamily, ARF type / small GTPase Arf family profile. / Sar1p-like members of the Ras-family of small GTPases / Small GTPase superfamily, ARF/SAR type / ADP-ribosylation factor family / ARF-like small GTPases; ARF, ADP-ribosylation factor / Rab subfamily of small GTPases / Small GTP-binding protein domain / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / ADP-ribosylation factor 6
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / helical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.9 Å
AuthorsPang, X.Y. / Zhang, Y. / Sun, F.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) China
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2025
Title: Structural elucidation of how ARF small GTPases induce membrane tubulation for vesicle fission.
Authors: Xiaoyun Pang / Yan Zhang / Kunyou Park / Zhenyu Liao / Jian Li / Jiashu Xu / Minh-Triet Hong / Guoliang Yin / Tongming Zhang / Yaoyu Wang / Edward H Egelman / Jun Fan / Victor W Hsu / Seung- ...Authors: Xiaoyun Pang / Yan Zhang / Kunyou Park / Zhenyu Liao / Jian Li / Jiashu Xu / Minh-Triet Hong / Guoliang Yin / Tongming Zhang / Yaoyu Wang / Edward H Egelman / Jun Fan / Victor W Hsu / Seung-Yeol Park / Fei Sun /
Abstract: ADP-Ribosylation Factor (ARF) small GTPases have been found to act in vesicle fission through a direct ability to tubulate membrane. We have pursued cryoelectron microscopy (EM) to reveal at 3.9 Å ...ADP-Ribosylation Factor (ARF) small GTPases have been found to act in vesicle fission through a direct ability to tubulate membrane. We have pursued cryoelectron microscopy (EM) to reveal at 3.9 Å resolution how ARF6 assembles into a protein lattice on tubulated membrane. Molecular dynamics simulation studies confirm and extend the cryo-EM findings. The ARF6 lattice exhibits features that are distinct from those formed by other membrane-bending proteins. We identify protein contacts critical for lattice assembly and how membrane insertion results in constricted tubules. The lattice structure also enables docking by GTPase-activating proteins (GAP) to achieve vesiculation. We have also modeled ARF1 onto the ARF6 lattice, and then pursued vesicle reconstitution by the Coat Protein I (COPI) complex to further confirm that the ARF lattice acts in vesicle fission. By elucidating how an ARF protein tubulates membrane at the structural level, we have advanced the molecular understanding of how this class of transport factors promote the fission stage of vesicle formation.
History
DepositionMay 10, 2022Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Nov 15, 2023Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1May 28, 2025Group: Advisory / Data collection ...Advisory / Data collection / Database references / Derived calculations / Structure summary
Category: citation / citation_author ...citation / citation_author / em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_validate_close_contact / struct_conn / struct_conn_type
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_ASTM / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: ADP-ribosylation factor 6
B: ADP-ribosylation factor 6
C: ADP-ribosylation factor 6
D: ADP-ribosylation factor 6
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)86,39012
Polymers84,2004
Non-polymers2,1908
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein
ADP-ribosylation factor 6


Mass: 21050.121 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ARF6 / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: P62330
#2: Chemical
ChemComp-MG / MAGNESIUM ION


Mass: 24.305 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Mg
#3: Chemical
ChemComp-GTP / GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE


Mass: 523.180 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H16N5O14P3 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: GTP, energy-carrying molecule*YM
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: HELICAL ARRAY / 3D reconstruction method: helical reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Arf6 helical polymer assembled on lipid membrane / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 75000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2200 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1500 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON III (4k x 4k)

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Processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Helical symmertyAngular rotation/subunit: 27.28 ° / Axial rise/subunit: 28.01 Å / Axial symmetry: C5
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.9 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 20820 / Symmetry type: HELICAL

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