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Open data
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Basic information
| Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 28jc | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Title | RNA polymerase II bound to RPAP2 and Gdown1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Keywords | GENE REGULATION / RNA polymerase II | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Function / homology | Function and homology informationmaintenance of ER location / RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat phosphatase activity / snRNA transcription / RNA polymerase core enzyme binding / microfibril binding / PERK-mediated unfolded protein response / RNA Polymerase III Chain Elongation / RNA Polymerase III Transcription Termination / regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase I / RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 1 Promoter ...maintenance of ER location / RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat phosphatase activity / snRNA transcription / RNA polymerase core enzyme binding / microfibril binding / PERK-mediated unfolded protein response / RNA Polymerase III Chain Elongation / RNA Polymerase III Transcription Termination / regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase I / RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 1 Promoter / RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 2 Promoter / RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 3 Promoter / RNA Polymerase III Abortive And Retractive Initiation / Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA / transcription elongation factor activity / Abortive elongation of HIV-1 transcript in the absence of Tat / FGFR2 alternative splicing / transcription preinitiation complex / RNA Polymerase I Transcription Termination / Viral Messenger RNA Synthesis / I band / Signaling by FGFR2 IIIa TM / MicroRNA (miRNA) biogenesis / protein-serine/threonine phosphatase / LRR domain binding / RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE during HIV infection / RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE / Formation of the Early Elongation Complex / Formation of the HIV-1 Early Elongation Complex / mRNA Capping / HIV Transcription Initiation / RNA Polymerase II HIV Promoter Escape / Transcription of the HIV genome / RNA Polymerase II Promoter Escape / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Pre-Initiation And Promoter Opening / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation And Promoter Clearance / Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA / PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) biogenesis / mRNA Splicing - Minor Pathway / positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening / protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity / RNA polymerase II complex binding / RNA Polymerase I Transcription Initiation / termination of RNA polymerase II transcription / RNA polymerase II transcribes snRNA genes / Pausing and recovery of Tat-mediated HIV elongation / Tat-mediated HIV elongation arrest and recovery / HIV elongation arrest and recovery / Pausing and recovery of HIV elongation / termination of RNA polymerase I transcription / transcription by RNA polymerase III / maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II / nucleolar large rRNA transcription by RNA polymerase I / transcription initiation at RNA polymerase I promoter / positive regulation of translational initiation / nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process / Tat-mediated elongation of the HIV-1 transcript / Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex containing HIV-1 Tat / Formation of HIV elongation complex in the absence of HIV Tat / termination of RNA polymerase III transcription / transcription initiation at RNA polymerase III promoter / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation / RNA polymerase I complex / RNA polymerase III complex / Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex / RNA polymerase II, core complex / transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I / tRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III / transcription by RNA polymerase I / RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events / mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway / transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair / translation initiation factor binding / positive regulation of RNA splicing / Inhibition of DNA recombination at telomere / DNA-templated transcription elongation / TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes / Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs / promoter-specific chromatin binding / RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape / transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter / P-body / DNA-templated transcription termination / protein-DNA complex / transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II / fibrillar center / NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression / mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II / B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression / transcription by RNA polymerase II / kinase binding / ribonucleoside binding / Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis / Transcription-Coupled Nucleotide Excision Repair (TC-NER) / Formation of TC-NER Pre-Incision Complex / mRNA Polyadenylation / DNA-directed RNA polymerase / Dual incision in TC-NER / Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER Similarity search - Function | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Biological species | Homo sapiens (human) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.94 Å | |||||||||||||||||||||
Authors | Schmitzova, J. / Zhan, Y. / Dienemann, C. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Funding support | Germany, 1items
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Citation | Journal: Nat Commun / Year: 2026Title: Structure of human cytoplasmic Pol II complex explains global transcription repression by GDOWN1. Authors: Jana Schmitzová / Yumeng Zhan / Srinivasan Rengachari / Frauke Grabbe / Olexandr Dybkov / Henning Urlaub / Michael Lidschreiber / Christian Dienemann / Patrick Cramer / ![]() Abstract: RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a 12-subunit enzyme crucial for gene transcription in the nucleus. However, its assembly in the cytoplasm, nuclear import, and nuclear function of assembly factors ...RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a 12-subunit enzyme crucial for gene transcription in the nucleus. However, its assembly in the cytoplasm, nuclear import, and nuclear function of assembly factors remain poorly understood. Here, we isolated Pol II from the cytoplasmic fraction of human cells (cfPol II) and find it associated with the assembly and transport factors GDOWN1, RPAP2, GPN1, and GPN3. Cryo-EM analysis of cfPol II resolves RPAP2 and GDOWN1 bound to Pol II at 2.9 Å resolution and shows that Pol II is fully assembled in the cytoplasm before nuclear import. Our structure of GDOWN1 bound to the Pol II surface reveals three distinct regions of GDOWN1 that interact with the RPB2 protrusion domain, RPB3, and RPB10. Biochemical analyses show that GDOWN1 facilitates soluble expression of a subcomplex comprising RPB3, RPB10, RPB11 and RPB12, suggesting a role for GDOWN1 in Pol II assembly. Further, GDOWN1 binding to Pol II overlaps with binding sites of the essential transcription factors IIB and IIF, rendering cfPol II inactive in promoter-dependent transcription initiation in vitro. Our results provide a basis for GDOWN1-dependent global transcription repression and suggest a model for a role of GDOWN1 in Pol II assembly, import, and transcription regulation. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Structure visualization
| Structure viewer | Molecule: Molmil Jmol/JSmol |
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Downloads & links
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Download
| PDBx/mmCIF format | 28jc.cif.gz | 697.8 KB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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| PDB format | pdb28jc.ent.gz | 542.5 KB | Display | PDB format |
| PDBx/mmJSON format | 28jc.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
| Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
| Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/8j/28jc ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/8j/28jc | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 56542MC C: citing same article ( M: map data used to model this data |
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| Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology F&H Search |
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Links
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Assembly
| Deposited unit | ![]()
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Components
-DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit ... , 8 types, 8 molecules DGIKMABC
| #1: Protein | Mass: 16331.255 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2D / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: O15514 |
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| #4: Protein | Mass: 19314.283 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2G, RPB7 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P62487 |
| #6: Protein | Mass: 14541.221 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2I / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P36954 |
| #8: Protein | Mass: 13310.284 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2J, POLR2J1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P52435 |
| #10: Protein | Mass: 41803.609 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2M, GRINL1A / Production host: ![]() |
| #11: Protein | Mass: 217420.047 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2A, POLR2 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P24928, DNA-directed RNA polymerase, Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters, RNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #12: Protein | Mass: 134071.453 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2B / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P30876, DNA-directed RNA polymerase, Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters, RNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #13: Protein | Mass: 31478.148 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2C, A-152E5.7 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P19387 |
-DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit ... , 5 types, 5 molecules EFHJL
| #2: Protein | Mass: 24584.223 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2E / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P19388 |
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| #3: Protein | Mass: 14491.026 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2F, POLRF / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P61218 |
| #5: Protein | Mass: 17162.273 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2H / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P52434 |
| #7: Protein | Mass: 7655.123 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2L / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P62875 |
| #9: Protein | Mass: 7018.244 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLR2K / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P53803 |
-Protein / Non-polymers , 2 types, 7 molecules N

| #14: Protein | Mass: 69614.773 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RPAP2, C1orf82 / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)References: UniProt: Q8IXW5, protein-serine/threonine phosphatase |
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| #15: Chemical | ChemComp-ZN / |
-Details
| Has ligand of interest | Y |
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| Has protein modification | N |
-Experimental details
-Experiment
| Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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| EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
| Component | Name: RNA polymerase II bound to RPAP2 and Gdown1 / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#14 / Source: RECOMBINANT |
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| Molecular weight | Experimental value: NO |
| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Source (recombinant) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Buffer solution | pH: 7.5 |
| Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES |
| Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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| Microscopy | Model: TFS KRIOS |
| Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM |
| Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 500 nm |
| Image recording | Electron dose: 39.91 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) |
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Processing
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| CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3D reconstruction | Resolution: 2.94 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 47505 / Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refinement | Highest resolution: 2.94 Å Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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About Yorodumi




Homo sapiens (human)
Germany, 1items
Citation


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Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
FIELD EMISSION GUN