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- EMDB-75653: Structure of Rapidly twisting Amyloid-beta 40 fibril , RT-Ab40(C2) -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-75653
TitleStructure of Rapidly twisting Amyloid-beta 40 fibril , RT-Ab40(C2)
Map dataleft handed masked density map
Sample
  • Complex: amyloid-b 40 fibril
    • Protein or peptide: RT-Ab40(C2)
KeywordsAmyloid-beta 40 / rapidly twisting / protein fibril / Ab40
Function / homology
Function and homology information


amyloid-beta complex / growth cone lamellipodium / cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus / collateral sprouting in absence of injury / growth cone filopodium / microglia development / Formyl peptide receptors bind formyl peptides and many other ligands / axo-dendritic transport / regulation of Wnt signaling pathway / axon midline choice point recognition ...amyloid-beta complex / growth cone lamellipodium / cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus / collateral sprouting in absence of injury / growth cone filopodium / microglia development / Formyl peptide receptors bind formyl peptides and many other ligands / axo-dendritic transport / regulation of Wnt signaling pathway / axon midline choice point recognition / regulation of synapse structure or activity / hippocampal neuron apoptotic process / astrocyte activation involved in immune response / NMDA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway / regulation of spontaneous synaptic transmission / mating behavior / growth factor receptor binding / peptidase activator activity / Insertion of tail-anchored proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane / PTB domain binding / positive regulation of amyloid fibril formation / Golgi-associated vesicle / astrocyte projection / Lysosome Vesicle Biogenesis / neuron remodeling / Deregulated CDK5 triggers multiple neurodegenerative pathways in Alzheimer's disease models / nuclear envelope lumen / dendrite development / TRAF6 mediated NF-kB activation / positive regulation of protein metabolic process / signaling receptor activator activity / negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation / Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signaling / transition metal ion binding / The NLRP3 inflammasome / main axon / intracellular copper ion homeostasis / modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential / regulation of multicellular organism growth / ECM proteoglycans / response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus / regulation of presynapse assembly / positive regulation of T cell migration / neuronal dense core vesicle / Purinergic signaling in leishmaniasis infection / cellular response to manganese ion / positive regulation of chemokine production / Notch signaling pathway / swimming behavior / neuron projection maintenance / extracellular matrix organization / clathrin-coated pit / positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle / axonogenesis / Mitochondrial protein degradation / positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling / ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway / astrocyte activation / platelet alpha granule lumen / response to interleukin-1 / regulation of neuron apoptotic process / cellular response to copper ion / cellular response to cAMP / positive regulation of glycolytic process / endosome lumen / trans-Golgi network membrane / dendritic shaft / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / protein serine/threonine kinase binding / positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation / learning / central nervous system development / adult locomotory behavior / Post-translational protein phosphorylation / serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity / locomotory behavior / microglial cell activation / cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus / TAK1-dependent IKK and NF-kappa-B activation / positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction / synapse organization / visual learning / recycling endosome / regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity / Golgi lumen / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / positive regulation of JNK cascade / response to lead ion / cognition / Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) / cellular response to amyloid-beta / endocytosis / neuron projection development / positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production / positive regulation of inflammatory response / calcium ion transport / Platelet degranulation / regulation of translation / heparin binding / regulation of gene expression
Similarity search - Function
Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain conserved site / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain superfamily / Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) copper-binding (CuBD) domain signature. / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, heparin-binding / Amyloid A4 N-terminal heparin-binding / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide superfamily / Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP) / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide ...Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain conserved site / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain superfamily / Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) copper-binding (CuBD) domain signature. / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, heparin-binding / Amyloid A4 N-terminal heparin-binding / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide superfamily / Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP) / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide / Beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminal / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, intracellular domain, conserved site / Beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminus / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) intracellular domain signature. / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, extracellular / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, E2 domain / E2 domain superfamily / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, heparin-binding domain superfamily / E2 domain of amyloid precursor protein / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) E1 domain profile. / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) E2 domain profile. / amyloid A4 / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein / Proteinase inhibitor I2, Kunitz, conserved site / Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz) family signature. / BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors. / Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor Kunitz domain / Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor domain / Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz) family profile. / Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor Kunitz domain superfamily / PH-like domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Amyloid-beta precursor protein
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodhelical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.73 Å
AuthorsLarimi MG / Thurber KR / Tycko R
Funding support1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIH/NIDDK)
CitationJournal: bioRxiv / Year: 2026
Title: Polymorphic structures of rapidly twisting 40-residue amyloid-β fibrils.
Authors: Motahareh G Larimi / Kent R Thurber / Robert Tycko /
Abstract: Fibrils formed by 40- and 42-residue amyloid-β peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42) are polymorphic, containing molecular structures that vary with growth conditions in ways that are not fully understood. ...Fibrils formed by 40- and 42-residue amyloid-β peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42) are polymorphic, containing molecular structures that vary with growth conditions in ways that are not fully understood. Here we use cryogenic electron microscopy to characterize the structure of rapidly twisting Aβ40 fibrils, for which the distance between apparent width minima in electron microscope images ("cross-over distances") is approximately 25 nm. From samples grown under a single set of growth conditions, we obtain high-resolution structures for three different rapidly twisting polymorphs. Although their cross-over distances are similar, the three rapidly twisting polymorphs differ in twist handedness, symmetry, molecular conformations, and intermolecular contacts. Two of the rapidly twisting polymorphs resemble slowly twisting Aβ40 polymorphs that have been described previously, including polymorphs extracted from brain tissue of Alzheimer's disease patients or created by seeded growth from amyloid in brain tissue, but with shorter conformationally ordered segments and other specific conformational differences. These results contribute to our understanding of amyloid polymorphism, connections between morphology and molecular structure, and relationships between brain-derived and -grown fibrils.
History
DepositionFeb 19, 2026-
Header (metadata) releaseMay 20, 2026-
Map releaseMay 20, 2026-
UpdateMay 20, 2026-
Current statusMay 20, 2026Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_75653.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_75653.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 476.8 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Annotationleft handed masked density map
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.82 Å/pix.
x 500 pix.
= 410. Å		0.82 Å/pix.
x 500 pix.
= 410. Å		0.82 Å/pix.
x 500 pix.
= 410. Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.82 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.013
Minimum - Maximum-0.03601507 - 0.055677503
Average (Standard dev.)0.000034100176 (±0.000764872)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions500500500
Spacing500500500
CellA=B=C: 410.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Additional map: postprocessed EM Map with no mask

Fileemd_75653_additional_1.map
Annotationpostprocessed EM Map with no mask
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half Map A

Fileemd_75653_half_map_1.map
AnnotationHalf Map A
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half Map B

Fileemd_75653_half_map_2.map
AnnotationHalf Map B
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : amyloid-b 40 fibril

EntireName: amyloid-b 40 fibril
Components
  • Complex: amyloid-b 40 fibril
    • Protein or peptide: RT-Ab40(C2)

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Supramolecule #1: amyloid-b 40 fibril

SupramoleculeName: amyloid-b 40 fibril / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: RT-Ab40(C2)

MacromoleculeName: RT-Ab40(C2) / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 6 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 4.335852 KDa
SequenceString:
DAEFRHDSGY EVHHQKLVFF AEDVGSNKGA IIGLMVGGVV

UniProtKB: Amyloid-beta precursor protein

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processinghelical reconstruction
Aggregation statefilament

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.4
GridModel: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3 / Material: COPPER / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 62.28 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 3.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.5 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δz: 4.69 Å
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δ&Phi: -3.55 °
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Axial symmetry: C2 (2 fold cyclic)
Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.73 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 4.0) / Number images used: 149897
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final angle assignmentType: OTHER
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial modelChain - Residue range: 13-40 / Chain - Source name: Other / Chain - Initial model type: other / Details: manualy built
RefinementSpace: REAL / Protocol: AB INITIO MODEL
Output model

PDB-11eo:
Structure of Rapidly twisting Amyloid-beta 40 fibril , RT-Ab40(C2)

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