oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation / GATOR2 complex / cellular response to L-arginine / molecular sensor activity / Seh1-associated complex / COPII-coated vesicle budding / protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum / positive regulation of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport / nuclear pore outer ring / nuclear pore organization ...oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation / GATOR2 complex / cellular response to L-arginine / molecular sensor activity / Seh1-associated complex / COPII-coated vesicle budding / protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum / positive regulation of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport / nuclear pore outer ring / nuclear pore organization / COPII-coated vesicle cargo loading / central nervous system myelin formation / COPII vesicle coat / Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) Disassembly / Regulation of Glucokinase by Glucokinase Regulatory Protein / Defective TPR may confer susceptibility towards thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC) / Transport of Ribonucleoproteins into the Host Nucleus / positive regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum / attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore / Transport of the SLBP independent Mature mRNA / Transport of the SLBP Dependant Mature mRNA / Amino acids regulate mTORC1 / SUMOylation of SUMOylation proteins / Transport of Mature mRNA Derived from an Intronless Transcript / NS1 Mediated Effects on Host Pathways / Rev-mediated nuclear export of HIV RNA / Nuclear import of Rev protein / SUMOylation of RNA binding proteins / NEP/NS2 Interacts with the Cellular Export Machinery / protein K6-linked ubiquitination / Transport of Mature mRNA derived from an Intron-Containing Transcript / oligodendrocyte differentiation / tRNA processing in the nucleus / Postmitotic nuclear pore complex (NPC) reformation / arginine binding / COPII-mediated vesicle transport / protein-containing complex localization / vacuolar membrane / nucleocytoplasmic transport / Viral Messenger RNA Synthesis / SUMOylation of ubiquitinylation proteins / Vpr-mediated nuclear import of PICs / positive regulation of macroautophagy / SUMOylation of DNA replication proteins / Regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response / mitotic metaphase chromosome alignment / positive regulation of TOR signaling / mRNA transport / SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins / negative regulation of TORC1 signaling / Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal / positive regulation of TORC1 signaling / MHC class II antigen presentation / signaling adaptor activity / cellular response to nutrient levels / Mitotic Prometaphase / EML4 and NUDC in mitotic spindle formation / cellular response to amino acid starvation / Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion / SUMOylation of chromatin organization proteins / protein localization to plasma membrane / regulation of autophagy / HCMV Late Events / Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC / protein sequestering activity / ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane / RHO GTPases Activate Formins / protein import into nucleus / intracellular protein transport / RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase / ISG15 antiviral mechanism / kinetochore / autophagy / HCMV Early Events / Separation of Sister Chromatids / ubiquitin protein ligase activity / nuclear envelope / protein transport / snRNP Assembly / cell division / lysosomal membrane / endoplasmic reticulum membrane / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / structural molecule activity / endoplasmic reticulum / extracellular exosome / nucleoplasm / zinc ion binding / identical protein binding / cytosol / cytoplasm Similarity search - Function
WDR59, modified RING finger, H2 subclass (C3H3C2-type) / MIOS, WD40 repeat / WD repeat protein mio, zinc-ribbon like domain / GATOR complex protein WDR24 / MIOS/Sea4 / : / Zinc-ribbon like family / MIOS, alpha-solenoid / CASTOR family / CASTOR1, N-terminal ...WDR59, modified RING finger, H2 subclass (C3H3C2-type) / MIOS, WD40 repeat / WD repeat protein mio, zinc-ribbon like domain / GATOR complex protein WDR24 / MIOS/Sea4 / : / Zinc-ribbon like family / MIOS, alpha-solenoid / CASTOR family / CASTOR1, N-terminal / : / Cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 1 N-terminal domain / Cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 1/2, ACT-like / : / : / : / RING/Ubox like zinc-binding domain / CASTOR, ACT domain / ACT domain / RWD domain profile. / RWD / RWD domain / Sec13/Seh1 family / : / Nucleolar protein 10-like, N-terminal domain / ACT-like domain / Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme/RWD-like / WD domain, G-beta repeat / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily Similarity search - Domain/homology
Protein SEC13 homolog / GATOR2 complex protein WDR59 / Cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 1 / Nucleoporin SEH1 / GATOR2 complex protein WDR24 / GATOR2 complex protein MIOS Similarity search - Component
Biological species
Homo sapiens (human)
Method
single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.5 Å
National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (NIH/NCI)
CA285366
United States
Citation
Journal: Nat Struct Mol Biol / Year: 2025 Title: Structural basis for mTORC1 regulation by the CASTOR1-GATOR2 complex. Authors: Rachel M Jansen / Clément Maghe / Karla Tapia / Selina Wu / Serim Yang / Xuefeng Ren / Roberto Zoncu / James H Hurley / Abstract: Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a nutrient-responsive master regulator of metabolism. Amino acids control the recruitment and activation of mTORC1 at the lysosome through the ...Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a nutrient-responsive master regulator of metabolism. Amino acids control the recruitment and activation of mTORC1 at the lysosome through the nucleotide loading state of the heterodimeric Rag GTPases. Under low nutrients, including arginine, the GTPase-activating protein complex GATOR1 promotes GTP hydrolysis on RagA/B, inactivating mTORC1. GATOR1 is regulated by the cage-like GATOR2 complex and cytosolic amino acid sensors. To understand how the arginine sensor CASTOR1 binds to GATOR2 to disinhibit GATOR1 under low cytosolic arginine, we determined the cryo-electron microscopy structure of human GATOR2 bound to CASTOR1 in the absence of arginine. Two MIOS WD40 domain β-propellers of the GATOR2 cage engage with both subunits of a single CASTOR1 homodimer. Each propeller binds to a negatively charged MIOS-binding interface on CASTOR1 that is distal to the arginine pocket. The structure shows how arginine-triggered loop ordering in CASTOR1 blocks the MIOS-binding interface, switches off its binding to GATOR2 and, thus, communicates to downstream mTORC1 activation.
Raw movies were imported into cryosparc2 v4.3.1 39. Patch Motion Corr. was used for motion correction and Patch CTF estimated (multi) was used for CTF determination.
Particle selection
Number selected: 2289288 Details: Cryosparc blob picker with a diameter range of 200 A-280 A was used to generate 3,467,659 which was inspected to trim the particle set to 2,289,288 particles. Particles were extracted with a ...Details: Cryosparc blob picker with a diameter range of 200 A-280 A was used to generate 3,467,659 which was inspected to trim the particle set to 2,289,288 particles. Particles were extracted with a box size of 560x560 pixels in cryosparc2.
CTF correction
Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. v3.3.1) Details: Patch Motion Corr. was used for motion correction and Patch CTF estimated (multi) was used for CTF determination. Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Details: The coordinates for GATOR2 (7UHY) and arginine bound CASTOR1 (5I2C) were rigid body fitted into the composite map in UCSF ChimeraX.
Final reconstruction
Number classes used: 1 / Applied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Algorithm: BACK PROJECTION / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. v3.3.1) Details: The final particle set contained 140,606 particles and a round of homogenous refinement resulted in a 3.89 A map at 0.143 FSC. Number images used: 140606
Initial angle assignment
Type: NOT APPLICABLE / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. v3.3.1) Details: A series of 2D classifications followed by an ab-initio-reconstruction was used to generate three reference maps. The resulting 3D maps were used in addition to maps generated from prior ...Details: A series of 2D classifications followed by an ab-initio-reconstruction was used to generate three reference maps. The resulting 3D maps were used in addition to maps generated from prior datasets to resort all 2289288 particles after a round of 2D classification to remove obvious junk.
Final angle assignment
Type: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. v3.3.1) Details: The final particle set contained 140,606 particles and a round of homogenous refinement resulted in a 3.89 A map at 0.143 FSC.
Final 3D classification
Number classes: 7 / Avg.num./class: 190000 / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. v3.3.1) Details: The final particle set contained 140,606 particles and a round of homogenous refinement resulted in a 3.89 A map at 0.143 FSC.
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Movie
Controller
Open data
Basic information
Map data
Sample
Keywords
Function and homology information
Homo sapiens (human)
Authors
United States, 1 items 
Citation
Structure visualization
Downloads & links
emd_70833.png
http://ftp.pdbj.org/pub/emdb/structures/EMD-70833
Z (Sec.)
Y (Row.)
X (Col.)
Sample components
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Processing
Electron microscopy
FIELD EMISSION GUN
