ジャーナル: Elife / 年: 2025 タイトル: Mechanism of SK2 channel gating and its modulation by the bee toxin apamin and small molecules. 著者: Samantha J Cassell / Weiyan Li / Simon Krautwald / Maryam Khoshouei / Yan Tony Lee / Joyce Hou / Wendy Guan / Stefan Peukert / Wilhelm Weihofen / Jonathan R Whicher / 要旨: Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 2 (SK2) serves a variety of biological functions by coupling intracellular calcium dynamics with membrane potential. SK2 modulators are in ...Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 2 (SK2) serves a variety of biological functions by coupling intracellular calcium dynamics with membrane potential. SK2 modulators are in development for the treatment of neurological and cardiovascular diseases, though the mechanisms of pharmacological modulation remain incompletely understood. We determined structures of an SK2-4 chimeric channel in Ca-bound and Ca-free conformations and in complex with the bee toxin apamin, a small molecule inhibitor, and a small molecule activator. The structures revealed that the S3-S4 linker forms a hydrophobic constriction at the extracellular opening of the pore. Apamin binds to this extracellular constriction and blocks the exit of potassium ions. Furthermore, we identified a structurally related SK2 inhibitor and activator that bind to the transmembrane domains. The compounds exert opposing effects on gating by differentially modulating the conformation of the S6 helices. These results provide important mechanistic insights to facilitate the development of targeted SK2 channel therapeutics.
名称: POTASSIUM ION / タイプ: ligand / ID: 4 / コピー数: 4 / 式: K
分子量
理論値: 39.098 Da
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分子 #5: CALCIUM ION
分子
名称: CALCIUM ION / タイプ: ligand / ID: 5 / コピー数: 16 / 式: CA
分子量
理論値: 40.078 Da
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実験情報
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構造解析
手法
クライオ電子顕微鏡法
解析
単粒子再構成法
試料の集合状態
particle
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試料調製
濃度
7.5 mg/mL
緩衝液
pH: 8 詳細: 20 mM Tris pH 8, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2, 0.005% GDN, 0.0005% CHS
グリッド
モデル: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3 / 材質: GOLD / メッシュ: 300 / 支持フィルム - 材質: GOLD / 支持フィルム - トポロジー: HOLEY / 前処理 - タイプ: GLOW DISCHARGE / 前処理 - 時間: 30 sec. / 前処理 - 雰囲気: AIR / 前処理 - 気圧: 0.05 kPa 詳細: UltrAuFoil R 1.2/1.3 300 mesh grids were glow-discharged for 30 seconds at 0.5 mBar with 15 mA using easiGlow system
凍結
凍結剤: ETHANE / チャンバー内湿度: 100 % / チャンバー内温度: 298 K / 装置: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV 詳細: 5 uL of sample was applied to grids at 4 degree temperature with 100% humidity. After 30 seconds, grids were blotted for 5 seconds with blot force 25 and plunged into liquid ethane..
詳細
Inhibitor added at 200 uM final concentration
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電子顕微鏡法
顕微鏡
TFS KRIOS
特殊光学系
球面収差補正装置: Microscope has a Cs corrector
撮影
フィルム・検出器のモデル: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k) 撮影したグリッド数: 1 / 実像数: 7300 / 平均露光時間: 3.25 sec. / 平均電子線量: 50.0 e/Å2 詳細: Images were collected in EER format with 50 fractions