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- EMDB-66278: Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with substrate GGC1-sfGFP -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-66278
TitleHuman TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with substrate GGC1-sfGFP
Map dataHuman TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with GGC1-sfGFP
Sample
  • Complex: Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with substrate GGC1-sfGFP
KeywordsMitochondria / Protein translocation / TRANSLOCASE
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 12.37 Å
AuthorsLiu XL / Cai HJ / Li L
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)32271269 China
CitationJournal: Nat Struct Mol Biol / Year: 2026
Title: Direct coupling of human TOM and TIM22 complexes drives mitochondrial carrier import.
Authors: Xiaolong Liu / Hongjun Cai / Hao Wang / Xueyin Zhou / Yutong Zhang / Shuai Liu / Jiajun Zhu / Long Li /
Abstract: Metabolite carriers that control essential metabolite transport are imported into mitochondria through the TOM and TIM22 complexes. How TOM and TIM22 coordinate in human mitochondria has remained ...Metabolite carriers that control essential metabolite transport are imported into mitochondria through the TOM and TIM22 complexes. How TOM and TIM22 coordinate in human mitochondria has remained largely unknown. Here we show that human TOM and TIM22 assemble into a supercomplex that seamlessly couples carrier translocation across the outer and inner membranes, unlike in yeast where the two complexes appear to function separately. Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex reveal unpaired carrier transmembrane segments traversing the TOM channel along a hydrophobic path and exiting through an unexpected lateral groove outside the channel. The membrane-bound small Tim subunits provide the substrate entry site for TIM22, while a membrane-exposed groove of TIM22 serves as the exit for carrier insertion into the inner membrane. These findings provide insights into the human carrier translocation pathway at molecular resolution and establish the TOM-TIM22 supercomplex as a central organizing unit of mitochondrial carrier import.
History
DepositionSep 19, 2025-
Header (metadata) releaseAug 5, 2026-
Map releaseAug 5, 2026-
UpdateAug 5, 2026-
Current statusAug 5, 2026Processing site: PDBc / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_66278.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_66278.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 512 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationHuman TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with GGC1-sfGFP
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.95 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 486.4 Å		0.95 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 486.4 Å		0.95 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 486.4 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.95 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.07
Minimum - Maximum-0.075808845 - 0.40502134
Average (Standard dev.)0.000635248 (±0.023793107)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions512512512
Spacing512512512
CellA=B=C: 486.4 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with GGC1-sfGFP half map 1

Fileemd_66278_half_map_1.map
AnnotationHuman TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with GGC1-sfGFP half map 1
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with GGC1-sfGFP half map 2

Fileemd_66278_half_map_2.map
AnnotationHuman TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with GGC1-sfGFP half map 2
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with substrate GGC1-sfGFP

EntireName: Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with substrate GGC1-sfGFP
Components
  • Complex: Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with substrate GGC1-sfGFP

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Supramolecule #1: Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with substrate GGC1-sfGFP

SupramoleculeName: Human TOM-TIM22 supercomplex with substrate GGC1-sfGFP
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain: HEK293F / Organelle: mitochondria / Location in cell: mitochondria

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration3.6 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.4
Component:
ConcentrationFormulaName
20.0 mMC8H18N2O4SHEPES
100.0 mMNaClsodium chloride
0.6 mg/mLdigitonin

Details: 20 mM HEPES-NaOH pH 7.4, 100 mM NaCl, 0.06% digitonin
GridModel: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3 / Material: GOLD / Mesh: 300 / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 30 sec. / Pretreatment - Atmosphere: OTHER
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 279 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV
Details: 1.5 s blot time, 5 s wait time, 100% humidity, and 6 degree centigrade.

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k) / Digitization - Dimensions - Width: 4096 pixel / Digitization - Dimensions - Height: 4096 pixel / Number real images: 31755 / Average exposure time: 5.44 sec. / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 1.6 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.2 µm / Nominal magnification: 130000
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER / Cooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Particle selectionNumber selected: 5385617
CTF correctionSoftware - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 4.6) / Software - details: Patch CTF Estimation / Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 12.37 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 4.6) / Software - details: Non-uniform Refinement / Number images used: 29286
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 4.6) / Software - details: Ab-Initio Reconstruction
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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