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Open data
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Basic information
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| Title | Cryo-EM structure of Sestrin2 bound human GATOR2 complex | |||||||||
Map data | full map | |||||||||
Sample |
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Keywords | Amino acid sensor / SIGNALING PROTEIN | |||||||||
| Function / homology | Function and homology informationoligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation / regulation of response to reactive oxygen species / sulfiredoxin activity / negative regulation of translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress / GATOR2 complex / L-leucine binding / Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex / Seh1-associated complex / protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum / COPII-coated vesicle budding ...oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation / regulation of response to reactive oxygen species / sulfiredoxin activity / negative regulation of translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress / GATOR2 complex / L-leucine binding / Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex / Seh1-associated complex / protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum / COPII-coated vesicle budding / central nervous system myelin formation / TORC2 complex / regulation of TORC1 signaling / oxidoreductase activity, acting on peroxide as acceptor / PH domain binding / COPII-coated vesicle cargo loading / cellular response to leucine starvation / nuclear pore outer ring / nuclear pore organization / COPII vesicle coat / mitochondrial DNA metabolic process / nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex / Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) Disassembly / Regulation of Glucokinase by Glucokinase Regulatory Protein / Defective TPR may confer susceptibility towards thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC) / Transport of Ribonucleoproteins into the Host Nucleus / cellular response to L-leucine / protein K6-linked ubiquitination / attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore / Amino acids regulate mTORC1 / Transport of the SLBP independent Mature mRNA / Transport of the SLBP Dependant Mature mRNA / NS1 Mediated Effects on Host Pathways / SUMOylation of SUMOylation proteins / protein-containing complex localization / Transport of Mature mRNA Derived from an Intronless Transcript / Rev-mediated nuclear export of HIV RNA / Nuclear import of Rev protein / SUMOylation of RNA binding proteins / NEP/NS2 Interacts with the Cellular Export Machinery / Transport of Mature mRNA derived from an Intron-Containing Transcript / tRNA processing in the nucleus / Postmitotic nuclear pore complex (NPC) reformation / COPII-mediated vesicle transport / vacuolar membrane / positive regulation of lipophagy / nucleocytoplasmic transport / triglyceride homeostasis / GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity / regulation of gluconeogenesis / Viral Messenger RNA Synthesis / mitotic metaphase chromosome alignment / cellular oxidant detoxification / fatty acid beta-oxidation / SUMOylation of ubiquitinylation proteins / regulation of cAMP/PKA signal transduction / Vpr-mediated nuclear import of PICs / D-glucose import / regulation of protein phosphorylation / oligodendrocyte differentiation / SUMOylation of DNA replication proteins / positive regulation of macroautophagy / Oxidoreductases; Acting on a peroxide as acceptor; Peroxidases / Regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response / positive regulation of TOR signaling / mRNA transport / response to glucose / nuclear pore / cellular response to nutrient levels / SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins / cellular response to glucose starvation / Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal / negative regulation of TORC1 signaling / signaling adaptor activity / Mitotic Prometaphase / positive regulation of TORC1 signaling / EML4 and NUDC in mitotic spindle formation / MHC class II antigen presentation / protein sequestering activity / reactive oxygen species metabolic process / Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion / cellular response to amino acid starvation / SUMOylation of chromatin organization proteins / HCMV Late Events / TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes / Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC / cellular response to amino acid stimulus / DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator / intracellular protein transport / peroxidase activity / RHO GTPases Activate Formins / Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs / ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane / negative regulation of cell growth / response to insulin / RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase / kinetochore / ISG15 antiviral mechanism / positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus / autophagy Similarity search - Function | |||||||||
| Biological species | Homo sapiens (human) | |||||||||
| Method | single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.82 Å | |||||||||
Authors | Su M-Y | |||||||||
| Funding support | China, 1 items
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Citation | Journal: Cell Rep / Year: 2025Title: Cryo-EM structures of amino acid sensors bound to the human GATOR2 complex. Authors: Ming-Yuan Su / Fei Teng / Shan Wang / Xinyi Mai / Huan Zeng / Juan Li / Xiaoxiao Song / Xi Wang / Goran Stjepanovic / ![]() Abstract: Mammalian cells regulate growth by integrating environmental cues through the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway. The human GATOR2 complex, comprising WDR59, WDR24, ...Mammalian cells regulate growth by integrating environmental cues through the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway. The human GATOR2 complex, comprising WDR59, WDR24, Mios, Sec13, and Seh1l, is key to mTORC1 regulation. Under amino acid deprivation, GATOR2 is inhibited through interactions with cytosolic leucine sensor Sestrin2 and arginine sensor cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 1 (CASTOR1). Amino acid abundance relieves this inhibition, allowing GATOR2 to antagonize the repressor GATOR1. Despite its importance, GATOR2's inhibition mechanisms were unclear. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of GATOR2 in three inhibitory states: CASTOR1 bound, Sestrin2 bound, and dual bound. CASTOR1 engages the Mios WD40 β-propellers, while Sestrin2 interacts with the WDR24-Seh1l subcomplex, inducing conformational movements. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) reveals dynamic motions in apo-GATOR2 and its complexes with amino acid sensors, as well as the effects of amino acid supplementation. These findings unravel the interactions between GATOR2 and amino acid sensors, providing a perspective on the regulation of the mTORC1 pathway by nutrient-sensing machinery. | |||||||||
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Structure visualization
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Downloads & links
-EMDB archive
-Validation report
| Summary document | emd_63421_validation.pdf.gz | 1.1 MB | Display | EMDB validaton report |
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| Full document | emd_63421_full_validation.pdf.gz | 1.1 MB | Display | |
| Data in XML | emd_63421_validation.xml.gz | 20 KB | Display | |
| Data in CIF | emd_63421_validation.cif.gz | 24.1 KB | Display | |
| Arichive directory | https://ftp.pdbj.org/pub/emdb/validation_reports/EMD-63421 ftp://ftp.pdbj.org/pub/emdb/validation_reports/EMD-63421 | HTTPS FTP |
-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 9lvjMC ![]() 9lvkC ![]() 9lwfC M: atomic model generated by this map C: citing same article ( |
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| Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology F&H Search |
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Links
| EMDB pages | EMDB (EBI/PDBe) / EMDataResource |
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| Related items in Molecule of the Month |
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Map
| File | Download / File: emd_63421.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 744.3 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Annotation | full map | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Projections & slices | Image control
Images are generated by Spider. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Voxel size | X=Y=Z: 0.85 Å | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Density |
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| Symmetry | Space group: 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Details | EMDB XML:
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-Supplemental data
+Mask #1
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+Additional map: mask for local refine #2
+Additional map: local refined map #7
+Additional map: local refined map #9
+Additional map: deepemhancer post-processed for full map
+Additional map: local refined map #3
+Additional map: local refined map #2
+Additional map: local refined map #1
+Additional map: local refined map #4
+Additional map: local refined map #5
+Additional map: local refined map #6
+Additional map: local refined map #8
+Half map: half map -A
+Half map: half map - B
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Sample components
-Entire : Sestrin2 bound human GATOR2 complex
| Entire | Name: Sestrin2 bound human GATOR2 complex |
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| Components |
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-Supramolecule #1: Sestrin2 bound human GATOR2 complex
| Supramolecule | Name: Sestrin2 bound human GATOR2 complex / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#6 |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
-Macromolecule #1: GATOR2 complex protein MIOS
| Macromolecule | Name: GATOR2 complex protein MIOS / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 4 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 98.700391 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: MSGTKPDILW APHHVDRFVV CDSELSLYHV ESTVNSELKA GSLRLSEDSA ATLLSINSDT PYMKCVAWYL NYDPECLLAV GQANGRVVL TSLGQDHNSK FKDLIGKEFV PKHARQCNTL AWNPLDSNWL AAGLDKHRAD FSVLIWDICS KYTPDIVPME K VKLSAGET ...String: MSGTKPDILW APHHVDRFVV CDSELSLYHV ESTVNSELKA GSLRLSEDSA ATLLSINSDT PYMKCVAWYL NYDPECLLAV GQANGRVVL TSLGQDHNSK FKDLIGKEFV PKHARQCNTL AWNPLDSNWL AAGLDKHRAD FSVLIWDICS KYTPDIVPME K VKLSAGET ETTLLVTKPL YELGQNDACL SLCWLPRDQK LLLAGMHRNL AIFDLRNTSQ KMFVNTKAVQ GVTVDPYFHD RV ASFYEGQ VAIWDLRKFE KPVLTLTEQP KPLTKVAWCP TRTGLLATLT RDSNIIRLYD MQHTPTPIGD ETEPTIIERS VQP CDNYIA SFAWHPTSQN RMIVVTPNRT MSDFTVFERI SLAWSPITSL MWACGRHLYE CTEEENDNSL EKDIATKMRL RALS RYGLD TEQVWRNHIL AGNEDPQLKS LWYTLHFMKQ YTEDMDQKSP GNKGSLVYAG IKSIVKSSLG MVESSRHNWS GLDKQ SDIQ NLNEERILAL QLCGWIKKGT DVDVGPFLNS LVQEGEWERA AAVALFNLDI RRAIQILNEG ASSEKGDLNL NVVAMA LSG YTDEKNSLWR EMCSTLRLQL NNPYLCVMFA FLTSETGSYD GVLYENKVAV RDRVAFACKF LSDTQLNRYI EKLTNEM KE AGNLEGILLT GLTKDGVDLM ESYVDRTGDV QTASYCMLQG SPLDVLKDER VQYWIENYRN LLDAWRFWHK RAEFDIHR S KLDPSSKPLA QVFVSCNFCG KSISYSCSAV PHQGRGFSQY GVSGSPTKSK VTSCPGCRKP LPRCALCLIN MGTPVSSCP GGTKSDEKVD LSKDKKLAQF NNWFTWCHNC RHGGHAGHML SWFRDHAECP VSACTCKCMQ LDTTGNLVPA ETVQP UniProtKB: GATOR2 complex protein MIOS |
-Macromolecule #2: GATOR2 complex protein WDR24
| Macromolecule | Name: GATOR2 complex protein WDR24 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 88.326953 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: MEKMSRVTTA LGGSVLTGRT MHCHLDAPAN AISVCRDAAQ VVVAGRSIFK IYAIEEEQFV EKLNLRVGRK PSLNLSCADV VWHQMDENL LATAATNGVV VTWNLGRPSR NKQDQLFTEH KRTVNKVCFH PTEAHVLLSG SQDGFMKCFD LRRKDSVSTF S GQSESVRD ...String: MEKMSRVTTA LGGSVLTGRT MHCHLDAPAN AISVCRDAAQ VVVAGRSIFK IYAIEEEQFV EKLNLRVGRK PSLNLSCADV VWHQMDENL LATAATNGVV VTWNLGRPSR NKQDQLFTEH KRTVNKVCFH PTEAHVLLSG SQDGFMKCFD LRRKDSVSTF S GQSESVRD VQFSIRDYFT FASTFENGNV QLWDIRRPDR CERMFTAHNG PVFCCDWHPE DRGWLATGGR DKMVKVWDMT TH RAKEMHC VQTIASVARV KWRPECRHHL ATCSMMVDHN IYVWDVRRPF VPAAMFEEHR DVTTGIAWRH PHDPSFLLSG SKD SSLCQH LFRDASQPVE RANPEGLCYG LFGDLAFAAK ESLVAAESGR KPYTGDRRHP IFFKRKLDPA EPFAGLASSA LSVF ETEPG GGGMRWFVDT AERYALAGRP LAELCDHNAK VARELGRNQV AQTWTMLRII YCSPGLVPTA NLNHSVGKGG SCGLP LMNS FNLKDMAPGL GSETRLDRSK GDARSDTVLL DSSATLITNE DNEETEGSDV PADYLLGDVE GEEDELYLLD PEHAHP EDP ECVLPQEAFP LRHEIVDTPP GPEHLQDKAD SPHVSGSEAD VASLAPVDSS FSLLSVSHAL YDSRLPPDFF GVLVRDM LH FYAEQGDVQM AVSVLIVLGE RVRKDIDEQT QEHWYTSYID LLQRFRLWNV SNEVVKLSTS RAVSCLNQAS TTLHVNCS H CKRPMSSRGW VCDRCHRCAS MCAVCHHVVK GLFVWCQGCS HGGHLQHIMK WLEGSSHCPA GCGHLCEYS UniProtKB: GATOR2 complex protein WDR24 |
-Macromolecule #3: GATOR2 complex protein WDR59
| Macromolecule | Name: GATOR2 complex protein WDR59 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 109.938391 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: MAARWSSENV VVEFRDSQAT AMSVDCLGQH AVLSGRRFLY IVNLDAPFEG HRKISRQSKW DIGAVQWNPH DSFAHYFAAS SNQRVDLYK WKDGSGEVGT TLQGHTRVIS DLDWAVFEPD LLVTSSVDTY IYIWDIKDTR KPTVALSAVA GASQVKWNKK N ANCLATSH ...String: MAARWSSENV VVEFRDSQAT AMSVDCLGQH AVLSGRRFLY IVNLDAPFEG HRKISRQSKW DIGAVQWNPH DSFAHYFAAS SNQRVDLYK WKDGSGEVGT TLQGHTRVIS DLDWAVFEPD LLVTSSVDTY IYIWDIKDTR KPTVALSAVA GASQVKWNKK N ANCLATSH DGDVRIWDKR KPSTAVEYLA AHLSKIHGLD WHPDSEHILA TSSQDNSVKF WDYRQPRKYL NILPCQVPVW KA RYTPFSN GLVTVMVPQL RRENSLLLWN VFDLNTPVHT FVGHDDVVLE FQWRKQKEGS KDYQLVTWSR DQTLRMWRVD SQM QRLCAN DILDGVDEFI ESISLLPEPE KTLHTEDTDH QHTASHGEEE ALKEDPPRNL LEERKSDQLG LPQTLQQEFS LINV QIRNV NVEMDAADRS CTVSVHCSNH RVKMLVKFPA QYPNNAAPSF QFINPTTITS TMKAKLLKIL KDTALQKVKR GQSCL EPCL RQLVSCLESF VNQEDSASSN PFALPNSVTP PLPTFARVTT AYGSYQDANI PFPRTSGARF CGAGYLVYFT RPMTMH RAV SPTEPTPRSL SALSAYHTGL IAPMKIRTEA PGNLRLYSGS PTRSEKEQVS ISSFYYKERK SRRWKSKREG SDSGNRQ IK AAGKVIIQDI ACLLPVHKSL GELYILNVND IQETCQKNAA SALLVGRKDL VQVWSLATVA TDLCLGPKSD PDLETPWA R HPFGRQLLES LLAHYCRLRD VQTLAMLCSV FEAQSRPQGL PNPFGPFPNR SSNLVVSHSR YPSFTSSGSC SSMSDPGLN TGGWNIAGRE AEHLSSPWGE SSPEELRFGS LTYSDPRERE RDQHDKNKRL LDPANTQQFD DFKKCYGEIL YRWGLREKRA EVLKFVSCP PDPHKGIEFG VYCSHCRSEV RGTQCAICKG FTFQCAICHV AVRGSSNFCL TCGHGGHTSH MMEWFRTQEV C PTGCGCHC LLESTF UniProtKB: GATOR2 complex protein WDR59 |
-Macromolecule #4: Isoform B of Nucleoporin SEH1
| Macromolecule | Name: Isoform B of Nucleoporin SEH1 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 6 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 46.636289 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: MFVARSIAAD HKDLIHDVSF DFHGRRMATC SSDQSVKVWD KSESGDWHCT ASWKTHSGSV WRVTWAHPEF GQVLASCSFD RTAAVWEEI VGESNDKLRG QSHWVKRTTL VDSRTSVTDV KFAPKHMGLM LATCSADGIV RIYEAPDVMN LSQWSLQHEI S CKLSCSCI ...String: MFVARSIAAD HKDLIHDVSF DFHGRRMATC SSDQSVKVWD KSESGDWHCT ASWKTHSGSV WRVTWAHPEF GQVLASCSFD RTAAVWEEI VGESNDKLRG QSHWVKRTTL VDSRTSVTDV KFAPKHMGLM LATCSADGIV RIYEAPDVMN LSQWSLQHEI S CKLSCSCI SWNPSSSRAH SPMIAVGSDD SSPNAMAKVQ IFEYNENTRK YAKAETLMTV TDPVHDIAFA PNLGRSFHIL AI ATKDVRI FTLKPVRKEL TSSGGPTKFE IHIVAQFDNH NSQVWRVSWN ITGTVLASSG DDGCVRLWKA NYMDNWKCTG ILK GNGSPV NGSSQQGTSN PSLGSTIPSL QNSLNGSSAG RYFFTPLDSP RAGSRWSSYA QLLPPPPPPL VEHSCDADTA NLQY PHPRR RYLSRPLNPL PENEGI UniProtKB: Nucleoporin SEH1 |
-Macromolecule #5: Protein SEC13 homolog
| Macromolecule | Name: Protein SEC13 homolog / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 40.791668 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: MREPVLTWCV PLELLCSHPL PLSAFLKSQV KLYTYRACAG KDEMGKMVSV INTVDTSHED MIHDAQMDYY GTRLATCSSD RSVKIFDVR NGGQILIADL RGHEGPVWQV AWAHPMYGNI LASCSYDRKV IIWREENGTW EKSHEHAGHD SSVNSVCWAP H DYGLILAC ...String: MREPVLTWCV PLELLCSHPL PLSAFLKSQV KLYTYRACAG KDEMGKMVSV INTVDTSHED MIHDAQMDYY GTRLATCSSD RSVKIFDVR NGGQILIADL RGHEGPVWQV AWAHPMYGNI LASCSYDRKV IIWREENGTW EKSHEHAGHD SSVNSVCWAP H DYGLILAC GSSDGAISLL TYTGEGQWEV KKINNAHTIG CNAVSWAPAV VPGSLIDHPS GQKPNYIKRF ASGGCDNLIK LW KEEEDGQ WKEEQKLEAH SDWVRDVAWA PSIGLPTSTI ASCSQDGRVF IWTCDDASSN TWSPKLLHKF NDVVWHVSWS ITA NILAVS GGDNKVTLWK ESVDGQWVCI SDVNKGQGSV SASVTEGQQN EQ UniProtKB: Protein SEC13 homolog |
-Macromolecule #6: Sestrin-2
| Macromolecule | Name: Sestrin-2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 54.560566 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: MIVADSECRA ELKDYLRFAP GGVGDSGPGE EQRESRARRG PRGPSAFIPV EEVLREGAES LEQHLGLEAL MSSGRVDNLA VVMGLHPDY FTSFWRLHYL LLHTDGPLAS SWRHYIAIMA AARHQCSYLV GSHMAEFLQT GGDPEWLLGL HRAPEKLRKL S EINKLLAH ...String: MIVADSECRA ELKDYLRFAP GGVGDSGPGE EQRESRARRG PRGPSAFIPV EEVLREGAES LEQHLGLEAL MSSGRVDNLA VVMGLHPDY FTSFWRLHYL LLHTDGPLAS SWRHYIAIMA AARHQCSYLV GSHMAEFLQT GGDPEWLLGL HRAPEKLRKL S EINKLLAH RPWLITKEHI QALLKTGEHT WSLAELIQAL VLLTHCHSLS SFVFGCGILP EGDADGSPAP QAPTPPSEQS SP PSRDPLN NSGGFESARD VEALMERMQQ LQESLLRDEG TSQEEMESRF ELEKSESLLV TPSADILEPS PHPDMLCFVE DPT FGYEDF TRRGAQAPPT FRAQDYTWED HGYSLIQRLY PEGGQLLDEK FQAAYSLTYN TIAMHSGVDT SVLRRAIWNY IHCV FGIRY DDYDYGEVNQ LLERNLKVYI KTVACYPEKT TRRMYNLFWR HFRHSEKVHV NLLLLEARMQ AALLYALRAI TRYMT UniProtKB: Sestrin-2 |
-Macromolecule #7: ZINC ION
| Macromolecule | Name: ZINC ION / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 32 / Formula: ZN |
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| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 65.409 Da |
-Experimental details
-Structure determination
| Method | cryo EM |
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Processing | single particle reconstruction |
| Aggregation state | particle |
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Sample preparation
| Concentration | 0.73 mg/mL |
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| Buffer | pH: 7.4 |
| Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy
| Microscope | TFS KRIOS |
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| Image recording | Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 48.41 e/Å2 Details: The movies consist of 50 frames, with a total dose of 48.41 e-/A2, 48.41 e-/A2, or 52.41 e-/A2 |
| Electron beam | Acceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN |
| Electron optics | Illumination mode: OTHER / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1.8 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.2 µm |
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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About Yorodumi




Keywords
Homo sapiens (human)
Authors
China, 1 items
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Processing
FIELD EMISSION GUN

