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- EMDB-62559: Cryo-EM structure of HCA2-Gi complex with acifran -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-62559
TitleCryo-EM structure of HCA2-Gi complex with acifran
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Cryo-EM structure of HCA2-Gi complex with acifran
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: scFV
    • Protein or peptide: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
  • Ligand: (5~{S})-5-methyl-4-oxidanylidene-5-phenyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid
Keywordscryo-EM / G-protein-coupled receptors / Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors / SIGNALING PROTEIN/IMMUNE SYSTEM / SIGNALING PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


neutrophil apoptotic process / nicotinic acid receptor activity / positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process / Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / positive regulation of adiponectin secretion / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / adenylate cyclase inhibitor activity / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / T cell migration ...neutrophil apoptotic process / nicotinic acid receptor activity / positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process / Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / positive regulation of adiponectin secretion / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / adenylate cyclase inhibitor activity / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / T cell migration / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / D2 dopamine receptor binding / response to prostaglandin E / adenylate cyclase regulator activity / G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway / cellular response to forskolin / regulation of mitotic spindle organization / Regulation of insulin secretion / positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process / negative regulation of insulin secretion / G protein-coupled receptor binding / response to peptide hormone / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / centriolar satellite / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / GDP binding / cell junction / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / G-protein beta-subunit binding / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / extracellular vesicle / sensory perception of taste / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / G protein activity / retina development in camera-type eye / GTPase binding / Ca2+ pathway / fibroblast proliferation / midbody / cell cortex / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (q) signalling events / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / Ras protein signal transduction / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell population proliferation / ciliary basal body / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / lysosomal membrane / cell division / GTPase activity / synapse / centrosome / GTP binding / protein-containing complex binding / nucleolus / magnesium ion binding / Golgi apparatus / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / nucleoplasm / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
: / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain ...: / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 / Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.73 Å
AuthorsWu S
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)32471319 China
CitationJournal: J Med Chem / Year: 2025
Title: Insights into the Activation Mechanism of HCA1, HCA2, and HCA3.
Authors: Jiening Wang / Yuxia Qian / Zhen Han / Yize Wang / Yanru Liu / Jie Li / Qingmiao Duanmu / Sheng Ye / Anna Qiao / Shan Wu /
Abstract: Hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptors HCA1, HCA2, and HCA3 can be activated by important intermediates of energy metabolism. Despite the research focusing on HCA2, its clinical application has been ...Hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptors HCA1, HCA2, and HCA3 can be activated by important intermediates of energy metabolism. Despite the research focusing on HCA2, its clinical application has been limited by adverse effects. Therefore, the role of HCA1 as a promising target for the treatment of lipolysis warrants further exploration. As HCAs exhibit high similarity when activated with diverse selective agonists, a conserved yet unique activation mechanism for HCAs remains undisclosed. Herein, we unveil the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the 3,5-DHBA-HCA1-Gi signaling complex, the acifran- and MK6892-bound HCA2-Gi signaling complexes, and the acifran-HCA3-Gi signaling complex. Comparative analysis across HCAs reveals key residues in HCA1 contributing to the stabilization of the ligand-binding pocket. Furthermore, chimeric complexes and mutational analyses identify residues that are pivotal for HCA2 and HCA3 selectivity. Our findings elucidate critical structural insights into the mechanisms of ligand recognition and activation within HCA1 and broaden our comprehension of ligand specificity binding across the HCA family.
History
DepositionDec 2, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseDec 10, 2025-
Map releaseDec 10, 2025-
UpdateDec 10, 2025-
Current statusDec 10, 2025Processing site: PDBc / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_62559.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_62559.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 83.7 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.85 Å/pix.
x 280 pix.
= 238.28 Å		0.85 Å/pix.
x 280 pix.
= 238.28 Å		0.85 Å/pix.
x 280 pix.
= 238.28 Å

Surface

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.851 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.02
Minimum - Maximum-0.14532387 - 0.21024002
Average (Standard dev.)-0.0000141464125 (±0.0058874628)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions280280280
Spacing280280280
CellA=B=C: 238.28 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Additional map: #1

Fileemd_62559_additional_1.map
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Half map: #2

Fileemd_62559_half_map_1.map
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Half map: #1

Fileemd_62559_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : Cryo-EM structure of HCA2-Gi complex with acifran

EntireName: Cryo-EM structure of HCA2-Gi complex with acifran
Components
  • Complex: Cryo-EM structure of HCA2-Gi complex with acifran
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: scFV
    • Protein or peptide: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
  • Ligand: (5~{S})-5-methyl-4-oxidanylidene-5-phenyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid

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Supramolecule #1: Cryo-EM structure of HCA2-Gi complex with acifran

SupramoleculeName: Cryo-EM structure of HCA2-Gi complex with acifran / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#5
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 40.414047 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKNTIV KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI ...String:
MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKNTIV KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI PTQQDVLRTR VKTTGIVETH FTFKDLHFKM FDVGAQRSER KKWIHCFEGV TAIIFCVALS DYDLVLAEDE EM NRMHASM KLFDSICNNK WFTDTSIILF LNKKDLFEEK IKKSPLTICY PEYAGSNTYE EAAAYIQCQF EDLNKRKDTK EIY THFTCS TDTKNVQFVF DAVTDVIIKN NLKDCGLF

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

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Macromolecule #2: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 37.413863 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: QSELDQLRQE AEQLKNQIRD ARKACADATL SQITNNIDPV GRIQMRTRRT LRGHLAKIYA MHWGTDSRLL VSASQDGKLI IWDSYTTNK VHAIPLRSSW VMTCAYAPSG NYVACGGLDN ICSIYNLKTR EGNVRVSREL AGHTGYLSCC RFLDDNQIVT S SGDTTCAL ...String:
QSELDQLRQE AEQLKNQIRD ARKACADATL SQITNNIDPV GRIQMRTRRT LRGHLAKIYA MHWGTDSRLL VSASQDGKLI IWDSYTTNK VHAIPLRSSW VMTCAYAPSG NYVACGGLDN ICSIYNLKTR EGNVRVSREL AGHTGYLSCC RFLDDNQIVT S SGDTTCAL WDIETGQQTT TFTGHTGDVM SLSLAPDTRL FVSGACDASA KLWDVREGMC RQTFTGHESD INAICFFPNG NA FATGSDD ATCRLFDLRA DQELMTYSHD NIICGITSVS FSKSGRLLLA GYDDFNCNVW DALKADRAGV LAGHDNRVSC LGV TDDGMA VATGSWDSFL KIWN

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

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Macromolecule #3: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 7.861143 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString:
MASNNTASIA QARKLVEQLK MEANIDRIKV SKAAADLMAY CEAHAKEDPL LTPVPASENP FREKKFFCAI L

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

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Macromolecule #4: scFV

MacromoleculeName: scFV / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 28.685027 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS ...String:
MVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS NGNTYLYWFL QRPGQSPQLL IYRMSNLASG VPDRFSGSGS GTAFTLTISR LEAEDVGVYY CMQHLEYPLT FG AGTKLEL KAAALEVLFQ GPHHHHHHHH

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Macromolecule #5: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2

MacromoleculeName: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 41.897441 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MNRHHLQDHF LEIDKKNCCV FRDDFIVKVL PPVLGLEFIF GLLGNGLALW IFCFHLKSWK SSRIFLFNLA VADFLLIICL PFLMDNYVR RWDWKFGDIP CRLMLFMLAM NRQGSIIFLT VVAVDRYFRV VHPHHALNKI SNRTAAIISC LLWGITIGLT V HLLKKKMP ...String:
MNRHHLQDHF LEIDKKNCCV FRDDFIVKVL PPVLGLEFIF GLLGNGLALW IFCFHLKSWK SSRIFLFNLA VADFLLIICL PFLMDNYVR RWDWKFGDIP CRLMLFMLAM NRQGSIIFLT VVAVDRYFRV VHPHHALNKI SNRTAAIISC LLWGITIGLT V HLLKKKMP IQNGGANLCS SFSICHTFQW HEAMFLLEFF LPLGIILFCS ARIIWSLRQR QMDRHAKIKR AITFIMVVAI VF VICFLPS VVVRIRIFWL LHTSGTQNCE VYRSVDLAFF ITLSFTYMNS MLDPVVYYFS SPSFPNFFST LINRCLQRKM TGE PDNNRS TSVELTGDPN KTRGAPEALM ANSGEPWSPS YLGPTSP

UniProtKB: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2

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Macromolecule #6: (5~{S})-5-methyl-4-oxidanylidene-5-phenyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid

MacromoleculeName: (5~{S})-5-methyl-4-oxidanylidene-5-phenyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid
type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: P9X
Molecular weightTheoretical: 218.205 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-P9X:
(5~{S})-5-methyl-4-oxidanylidene-5-phenyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid / agonist*YM

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOCONTINUUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 54.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: OTHER
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.73 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 911175
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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