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- EMDB-60603: J-shaped conformer of amyloid beta (1-40) -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-60603
TitleJ-shaped conformer of amyloid beta (1-40)
Map dataHelical symmetry imposed map of wild-type ground-grown amyloid
Sample
  • Complex: J-type amyloid beta (1-40)
    • Protein or peptide: Amyloid-beta protein 40
KeywordsAmyloid / PROTEIN FIBRIL
Function / homology
Function and homology information


amyloid-beta complex / negative regulation of presynapse assembly / cytosolic mRNA polyadenylation / collateral sprouting in absence of injury / microglia development / regulation of synapse structure or activity / regulation of Wnt signaling pathway / synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction / Formyl peptide receptors bind formyl peptides and many other ligands / axo-dendritic transport ...amyloid-beta complex / negative regulation of presynapse assembly / cytosolic mRNA polyadenylation / collateral sprouting in absence of injury / microglia development / regulation of synapse structure or activity / regulation of Wnt signaling pathway / synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction / Formyl peptide receptors bind formyl peptides and many other ligands / axo-dendritic transport / axon midline choice point recognition / smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis / astrocyte activation involved in immune response / NMDA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway / mating behavior / regulation of spontaneous synaptic transmission / ciliary rootlet / Golgi-associated vesicle / PTB domain binding / Lysosome Vesicle Biogenesis / Insertion of tail-anchored proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane / positive regulation of amyloid fibril formation / neuron remodeling / Deregulated CDK5 triggers multiple neurodegenerative pathways in Alzheimer's disease models / nuclear envelope lumen / COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle / suckling behavior / signaling receptor activator activity / dendrite development / modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential / TRAF6 mediated NF-kB activation / presynaptic active zone / positive regulation of protein metabolic process / neuromuscular process controlling balance / Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signaling / The NLRP3 inflammasome / negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation / regulation of presynapse assembly / regulation of multicellular organism growth / transition metal ion binding / intracellular copper ion homeostasis / negative regulation of neuron differentiation / ECM proteoglycans / spindle midzone / positive regulation of T cell migration / smooth endoplasmic reticulum / Purinergic signaling in leishmaniasis infection / forebrain development / positive regulation of chemokine production / clathrin-coated pit / Notch signaling pathway / protein serine/threonine kinase binding / positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle / extracellular matrix organization / neuron projection maintenance / Mitochondrial protein degradation / response to interleukin-1 / ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle / cholesterol metabolic process / axonogenesis / positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling / dendritic shaft / platelet alpha granule lumen / adult locomotory behavior / positive regulation of glycolytic process / central nervous system development / learning / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / trans-Golgi network membrane / positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation / endosome lumen / locomotory behavior / astrocyte activation / Post-translational protein phosphorylation / positive regulation of JNK cascade / microglial cell activation / regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity / serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity / synapse organization / TAK1-dependent IKK and NF-kappa-B activation / positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction / neuromuscular junction / visual learning / recycling endosome / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / Golgi lumen / cognition / neuron cellular homeostasis / positive regulation of inflammatory response / endocytosis / Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) / cellular response to amyloid-beta / neuron projection development / G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle / positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production / apical part of cell / synaptic vesicle / cell-cell junction / Platelet degranulation
Similarity search - Function
Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain conserved site / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain superfamily / Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) copper-binding (CuBD) domain signature. / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide superfamily / Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP) / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide / Beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminal / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, intracellular domain, conserved site ...Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain conserved site / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain superfamily / Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) copper-binding (CuBD) domain signature. / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide superfamily / Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP) / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide / Beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminal / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, intracellular domain, conserved site / Beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminus / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) intracellular domain signature. / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, extracellular / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, heparin-binding / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, E2 domain / E2 domain superfamily / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, heparin-binding domain superfamily / Amyloid A4 N-terminal heparin-binding / E2 domain of amyloid precursor protein / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) E1 domain profile. / Amyloid precursor protein (APP) E2 domain profile. / amyloid A4 / Amyloidogenic glycoprotein / Proteinase inhibitor I2, Kunitz, conserved site / Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz) family signature. / BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors. / Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor Kunitz domain / Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor domain / Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz) family profile. / Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor Kunitz domain superfamily / PH-like domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Amyloid-beta precursor protein
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodhelical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.3 Å
AuthorsBurton-Smith RN / Murata K
Funding support Japan, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) Japan
CitationJournal: Int J Mol Sci / Year: 2025
Title: Elucidating the Unique J-Shaped Protomer Structure of Amyloid-β(1-40) Fibril with Cryo-Electron Microscopy.
Authors: Raymond N Burton-Smith / Maho Yagi-Utsumi / Saeko Yanaka / Chihong Song / Kazuyoshi Murata / Koichi Kato /
Abstract: Although the structural diversity of amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrils plays a critical role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the mechanisms underlying this diversity remain poorly understood. In ...Although the structural diversity of amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrils plays a critical role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the mechanisms underlying this diversity remain poorly understood. In this study, we report the discovery of a novel J-shaped protomer structure of Aβ40 fibrils, resolved at 3.3 Å resolution using cryo-electron microscopy. Under controlled conditions (20 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 8.0) designed to emphasize intra-protomer interactions and slow fibril elongation, the J-shaped structure revealed distinct salt bridges (e.g., D1-K28, R5-E22) that stabilize the fibril core. These findings expand our understanding of the free energy landscape of fibril formation, shedding light on how specific environmental factors, such as pH and ionic strength, may influence fibril polymorphism. Importantly, the unique features of the J-shaped protomer provide insights into the structural basis of amyloid plaque diversity in AD and suggest potential therapeutic strategies targeting intra-protomer interactions. This study underscores the importance of fibril polymorphism in AD pathology and offers a foundation for future research into fibril-targeted therapies.
History
DepositionJun 21, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseFeb 26, 2025-
Map releaseFeb 26, 2025-
UpdateFeb 26, 2025-
Current statusFeb 26, 2025Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_60603.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_60603.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 325 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationHelical symmetry imposed map of wild-type ground-grown amyloid
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.14 Å/pix.
x 440 pix.
= 501.6 Å		1.14 Å/pix.
x 440 pix.
= 501.6 Å		1.14 Å/pix.
x 440 pix.
= 501.6 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.14 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.01
Minimum - Maximum-0.03029707 - 0.06140099
Average (Standard dev.)0.00010549026 (±0.0016536529)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions440440440
Spacing440440440
CellA=B=C: 501.6 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Additional map: Post-processed map of wild-type ground-grown amyloid

Fileemd_60603_additional_1.map
AnnotationPost-processed map of wild-type ground-grown amyloid
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half-map 1 of wild-type ground-grown amyloid

Fileemd_60603_half_map_1.map
AnnotationHalf-map 1 of wild-type ground-grown amyloid
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half-map 2 of wild-type ground-grown amyloid

Fileemd_60603_half_map_2.map
AnnotationHalf-map 2 of wild-type ground-grown amyloid
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : J-type amyloid beta (1-40)

EntireName: J-type amyloid beta (1-40)
Components
  • Complex: J-type amyloid beta (1-40)
    • Protein or peptide: Amyloid-beta protein 40

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Supramolecule #1: J-type amyloid beta (1-40)

SupramoleculeName: J-type amyloid beta (1-40) / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Amyloid-beta protein 40

MacromoleculeName: Amyloid-beta protein 40 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 40 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 4.335852 KDa
SequenceString:
DAEFRHDSGY EVHHQKLVFF AEDVGSNKGA IIGLMVGGVV

UniProtKB: Amyloid-beta precursor protein

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processinghelical reconstruction
Aggregation statehelical array

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1.4000000000000001 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.8 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δz: 2.454 Å
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δ&Phi: 179.2 °
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Axial symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.3 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 577094
Startup modelType of model: OTHER
Final angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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