National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)
R35GM127090
米国
引用
ジャーナル: Mol Cell / 年: 2025 タイトル: A conserved PIWI silencing complex detects piRNA-target engagement. 著者: Dipayan De / Sucharita Sarkar / Luca F R Gebert / Timothy Wiryaman / Todd A Anzelon / Ian J MacRae / 要旨: In animal germ cells, PIWI proteins use piRNAs to detect active selfish genetic elements. Base-pairing to a piRNA defines transposon recognition, but how this interaction triggers a defensive ...In animal germ cells, PIWI proteins use piRNAs to detect active selfish genetic elements. Base-pairing to a piRNA defines transposon recognition, but how this interaction triggers a defensive response remains unclear. Here, we identify a transposon recognition complex composed of the silkworm proteins Siwi, GTSF1, and Maelstrom. Biochemical and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analyses show that extended piRNA-target pairing locks Siwi in a conformation that recruits GTSF1 and Maelstrom. Extended piRNA-target pairing is recognized by the N-terminal helix of Maelstrom and the first zinc finger of GTSF1, which act together to hold Siwi in an endonucleolytically active state. The resulting activated complex, termed Siwi, rapidly cleaves target RNAs and recruits the piRNA biogenesis factor Spindle-E. Structural predictions reveal related complexes in animals ranging from humans to sponges, indicating PIWI assembly is a conserved transposon recognition mechanism employed broadly across the metazoan kingdom.