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- EMDB-47005: Human muscle nAChR ACh-bound state -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-47005
TitleHuman muscle nAChR ACh-bound state
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Human muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
    • Protein or peptide: Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha
    • Protein or peptide: Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta
    • Protein or peptide: Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta
    • Protein or peptide: Acetylcholine receptor subunit epsilon
  • Ligand: ACETYLCHOLINE
  • Ligand: (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate
  • Ligand: water
Keywordshuman muscle / nicotinic acetylcholine receptor / MEMBRANE PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


postsynaptic membrane organization / skeletal muscle tissue growth / musculoskeletal movement / Highly sodium permeable postsynaptic acetylcholine nicotinic receptors / Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors / Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors / acetylcholine receptor activity / acetylcholine-gated channel complex / behavioral response to nicotine / neuromuscular synaptic transmission ...postsynaptic membrane organization / skeletal muscle tissue growth / musculoskeletal movement / Highly sodium permeable postsynaptic acetylcholine nicotinic receptors / Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors / Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors / acetylcholine receptor activity / acetylcholine-gated channel complex / behavioral response to nicotine / neuromuscular synaptic transmission / acetylcholine-gated monoatomic cation-selective channel activity / muscle cell development / acetylcholine binding / synaptic transmission, cholinergic / monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity / nervous system process / acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity / postsynaptic specialization membrane / neuromuscular process / muscle cell cellular homeostasis / neuromuscular junction development / monoatomic cation transport / membrane depolarization / skeletal muscle contraction / neuronal action potential / muscle contraction / response to nicotine / regulation of membrane potential / transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential / neuromuscular junction / neuron cellular homeostasis / transmembrane signaling receptor activity / channel activity / monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / chemical synaptic transmission / postsynaptic membrane / neuron projection / synapse / cell surface / signal transduction / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel, conserved site / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channels signature. / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel transmembrane domain / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel transmembrane region / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel transmembrane domain superfamily / Neuronal acetylcholine receptor / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel ligand-binding domain / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel ligand-binding domain superfamily / Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel ligand binding domain
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha / Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta / Acetylcholine receptor subunit epsilon / Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.06 Å
AuthorsLi H / Hibbs RE
Funding support United States, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS) United States
CitationJournal: Cell / Year: 2025
Title: Autoimmune mechanisms elucidated through muscle acetylcholine receptor structures.
Authors: Huanhuan Li / Minh C Pham / Jinfeng Teng / Kevin C O'Connor / Colleen M Noviello / Ryan E Hibbs /
Abstract: Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by acetylcholine (ACh) binding to its ionotropic receptors (AChRs) at neuromuscular junctions. In myasthenia gravis (MG), autoantibodies target AChRs, ...Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by acetylcholine (ACh) binding to its ionotropic receptors (AChRs) at neuromuscular junctions. In myasthenia gravis (MG), autoantibodies target AChRs, disrupting neurotransmission and causing muscle weakness. While treatments exist, variable patient responses suggest pathogenic heterogeneity. Progress in understanding the molecular basis of MG has been limited by the absence of structures of intact human muscle AChRs. Here, we present high-resolution cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the human adult AChR in different functional states. Using six MG patient-derived monoclonal antibodies, we mapped distinct epitopes involved in diverse pathogenic mechanisms, including receptor blockade, internalization, and complement activation. Electrophysiological and binding assays revealed how these autoantibodies directly inhibit AChR channel activation. These findings provide critical insights into MG immunopathogenesis, uncovering unrecognized antibody epitope diversity and modes of receptor inhibition, and provide a framework for developing personalized therapies targeting antibody-mediated autoimmune disorders.
History
DepositionSep 13, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseApr 9, 2025-
Map releaseApr 9, 2025-
UpdateOct 22, 2025-
Current statusOct 22, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_47005.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_47005.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 244.1 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.94 Å/pix.
x 400 pix.
= 374. Å		0.94 Å/pix.
x 400 pix.
= 374. Å		0.94 Å/pix.
x 400 pix.
= 374. Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

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Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.935 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.09
Minimum - Maximum-0.76691777 - 1.4150852
Average (Standard dev.)-0.00020204225 (±0.023681369)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions400400400
Spacing400400400
CellA=B=C: 374.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_47005_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_47005_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Human muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

EntireName: Human muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Components
  • Complex: Human muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
    • Protein or peptide: Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha
    • Protein or peptide: Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta
    • Protein or peptide: Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta
    • Protein or peptide: Acetylcholine receptor subunit epsilon
  • Ligand: ACETYLCHOLINE
  • Ligand: (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate
  • Ligand: water

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Supramolecule #1: Human muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

SupramoleculeName: Human muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#4
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha

MacromoleculeName: Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 51.889266 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MEPWPLLLLF SLCSAGLVLG SEHETRLVAK LFKDYSSVVR PVEDHRQVVE VTVGLQLIQL INVDEVNQIV TTNVRLKQQW VDYNLKWNP DDYGGVKKIH IPSEKIWRPD LVLYNNADGD FAIVKFTKVL LQYTGHITWT PPAIFKSYCE IIVTHFPFDE Q NCSMKLGT ...String:
MEPWPLLLLF SLCSAGLVLG SEHETRLVAK LFKDYSSVVR PVEDHRQVVE VTVGLQLIQL INVDEVNQIV TTNVRLKQQW VDYNLKWNP DDYGGVKKIH IPSEKIWRPD LVLYNNADGD FAIVKFTKVL LQYTGHITWT PPAIFKSYCE IIVTHFPFDE Q NCSMKLGT WTYDGSVVAI NPESDQPDLS NFMESGEWVI KESRGWKHSV TYSCCPDTPY LDITYHFVMQ RLPLYFIVNV II PCLLFSF LTGLVFYLPT DSGEKMTLSI SVLLSLTVFL LVIVELIPST SSAVPLIGKY MLFTMVFVIA SIIITVIVIN THH RSPSTH VMPNWVRKVF IDTIPNIMFF STMKRPSREK QDKKIFTEDI DISDISGKPG PPPMGFHSPL IKHPEVKSAI EGIK YIAET MKSDQESNNA AAEWKYVAMV MDHILLGVFM LVCIIGTLAV FAGRLIELNQ QG

UniProtKB: Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha

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Macromolecule #2: Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta

MacromoleculeName: Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 57.00041 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MTPGALLMLL GALGAPLAPG VRGSEAEGRL REKLFSGYDS SVRPAREVGD RVRVSVGLIL AQLISLNEKD EEMSTKVYLD LEWTDYRLS WDPAEHDGID SLRITAESVW LPDVVLLNNN DGNFDVALDI SVVVSSDGSV RWQPPGIYRS SCSIQVTYFP F DWQNCTMV ...String:
MTPGALLMLL GALGAPLAPG VRGSEAEGRL REKLFSGYDS SVRPAREVGD RVRVSVGLIL AQLISLNEKD EEMSTKVYLD LEWTDYRLS WDPAEHDGID SLRITAESVW LPDVVLLNNN DGNFDVALDI SVVVSSDGSV RWQPPGIYRS SCSIQVTYFP F DWQNCTMV FSSYSYDSSE VSLQTGLGPD GQGHQEIHIH EGTFIENGQW EIIHKPSRLI QPPGDPRGGR EGQRQEVIFY LI IRRKPLF YLVNVIAPCI LITLLAIFVF YLPPDAGEKM GLSIFALLTL TVFLLLLADK VPETSLSVPI IIKYLMFTMV LVT FSVILS VVVLNLHHRS PHTHQMPLWV RQIFIHKLPL YLRLKRPKPE RDLMPEPPHC SSPGSGWGRG TDEYFIRKPP SDFL FPKPN RFQPELSAPD LRRFIDGPNR AVALLPELRE VVSSISYIAR QLQEQEDHDA LKEDWQFVAM VVDRLFLWTF IIFTS VGTL VIFLDATYHL PPPDPFPSR

UniProtKB: Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta

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Macromolecule #3: Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta

MacromoleculeName: Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 58.955805 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MEGPVLTLGL LAALAVCGSW GLNEEERLIR HLFQEKGYNK ELRPVAHKEE SVDVALALTL SNLISLKEVE ETLTTNVWIE HGWTDNRLK WNAEEFGNIS VLRLPPDMVW LPEIVLENNN DGSFQISYSC NVLVYHYGFV YWLPPAIFRS SCPISVTYFP F DWQNCSLK ...String:
MEGPVLTLGL LAALAVCGSW GLNEEERLIR HLFQEKGYNK ELRPVAHKEE SVDVALALTL SNLISLKEVE ETLTTNVWIE HGWTDNRLK WNAEEFGNIS VLRLPPDMVW LPEIVLENNN DGSFQISYSC NVLVYHYGFV YWLPPAIFRS SCPISVTYFP F DWQNCSLK FSSLKYTAKE ITLSLKQDAK ENRTYPVEWI IIDPEGFTEN GEWEIVHRPA RVNVDPRAPL DSPSRQDITF YL IIRRKPL FYIINILVPC VLISFMVNLV FYLPADSGEK TSVAISVLLA QSVFLLLISK RLPATSMAIP LIGKFLLFGM VLV TMVVVI CVIVLNIHFR TPSTHVLSEG VKKLFLETLP ELLHMSRPAE DGPSPGALVR RSSSLGYISK AEEYFLLKSR SDLM FEKQS ERHGLARRLT TARRPPASSE QAQQELFNEL KPAVDGANFI VNHMRDQNNY NEEKDSWNRV ARTVDRLCLF VVTPV MVVG TAWIFLQGVY NQPPPQPFPG DPYSYNVQDK RFI

UniProtKB: Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta

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Macromolecule #4: Acetylcholine receptor subunit epsilon

MacromoleculeName: Acetylcholine receptor subunit epsilon / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 54.743754 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MARAPLGVLL LLGLLGRGVG KNEELRLYHH LFNNYDPGSR PVREPEDTVT ISLKVTLTNL ISLNEKEETL TTSVWIGIDW QDYRLNYSK DDFGGIETLR VPSELVWLPE IVLENNIDGQ FGVAYDANVL VYEGGSVTWL PPAIYRSVCA VEVTYFPFDW Q NCSLIFRS ...String:
MARAPLGVLL LLGLLGRGVG KNEELRLYHH LFNNYDPGSR PVREPEDTVT ISLKVTLTNL ISLNEKEETL TTSVWIGIDW QDYRLNYSK DDFGGIETLR VPSELVWLPE IVLENNIDGQ FGVAYDANVL VYEGGSVTWL PPAIYRSVCA VEVTYFPFDW Q NCSLIFRS QTYNAEEVEF TFAVDNDGKT INKIDIDTEA YTENGEWAID FCPGVIRRHH GGATDGPGET DVIYSLIIRR KP LFYVINI IVPCVLISGL VLLAYFLPAQ AGGQKCTVSI NVLLAQTVFL FLIAQKIPET SLSVPLLGRF LIFVMVVATL IVM NCVIVL NVSQRTPTTH AMSPRLRHVL LELLPRLLGS PPPPEAPRAA SPPRRASSVG LLLRAEELIL KKPRSELVFE GQRH RQGTW TAAFCQSLGA AAPEVRCCVD AVNFVAESTR DQEATGEEVS DWVRMGNALD NICFWAALVL FSVGSSLIFL GAYFN RVPD LPYAPCIQP

UniProtKB: Acetylcholine receptor subunit epsilon

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Macromolecule #10: ACETYLCHOLINE

MacromoleculeName: ACETYLCHOLINE / type: ligand / ID: 10 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: ACH
Molecular weightTheoretical: 146.207 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-ACH:
ACETYLCHOLINE

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Macromolecule #11: (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(tri...

MacromoleculeName: (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate
type: ligand / ID: 11 / Number of copies: 3 / Formula: POV
Molecular weightTheoretical: 760.076 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-POV:
(2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate / phospholipid*YM

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Macromolecule #12: water

MacromoleculeName: water / type: ligand / ID: 12 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: HOH
Molecular weightTheoretical: 18.015 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.4
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: FEI FALCON III (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: OTHER / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.4000000000000001 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: OTHER
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.06 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 620213
Initial angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION
Final angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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