caveola neck / negative regulation of protein processing involved in protein targeting to mitochondrion / Wnt signalosome assembly / beta-catenin destruction complex binding / regulation of branching morphogenesis of a nerve / regulation of kidney size / regulation of cell projection organization / tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb / protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum exit site / GTP-dependent protein kinase activity ...caveola neck / negative regulation of protein processing involved in protein targeting to mitochondrion / Wnt signalosome assembly / beta-catenin destruction complex binding / regulation of branching morphogenesis of a nerve / regulation of kidney size / regulation of cell projection organization / tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb / protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum exit site / GTP-dependent protein kinase activity / regulation of SNARE complex assembly / regulation of neuroblast proliferation / regulation of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport / peroxidase inhibitor activity / negative regulation of late endosome to lysosome transport / regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / negative regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion / positive regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway / amphisome / regulation of synaptic vesicle transport / positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion / regulation of CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade / regulation of lysosomal lumen pH / co-receptor binding / negative regulation of GTPase activity / phosphorylation-dependent protein binding / regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway / mitochondrion localization / regulation of neuron maturation / positive regulation of microglial cell activation / regulation of retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi / positive regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis / cytoplasmic side of mitochondrial outer membrane / negative regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential / negative regulation of autophagosome assembly / JUN kinase kinase kinase activity / olfactory bulb development / neuron projection arborization / multivesicular body, internal vesicle / striatum development / positive regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell / regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis / protein localization to mitochondrion / cellular response to dopamine / positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway / endoplasmic reticulum organization / positive regulation of protein autoubiquitination / Wnt signalosome / positive regulation of programmed cell death / negative regulation of protein processing / GTP metabolic process / regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway / regulation of neuron differentiation / syntaxin-1 binding / regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / lysosome organization / Golgi-associated vesicle / clathrin binding / protein kinase A binding / regulation of locomotion / PTK6 promotes HIF1A stabilization / negative regulation of macroautophagy / neuromuscular junction development / protein kinase C inhibitor activity / regulation of cAMP/PKA signal transduction / regulation of mitochondrial fission / Golgi organization / regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis / exploration behavior / microvillus / intracellular distribution of mitochondria / endoplasmic reticulum exit site / autolysosome / locomotory exploration behavior / Regulation of localization of FOXO transcription factors / negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway / Activation of BAD and translocation to mitochondria / regulation of signal transduction / MAP kinase kinase kinase activity / regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis / canonical Wnt signaling pathway / protein targeting / Chk1/Chk2(Cds1) mediated inactivation of Cyclin B:Cdk1 complex / regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / SARS-CoV-2 targets host intracellular signalling and regulatory pathways / negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / negative regulation of protein kinase activity / cellular response to glucose starvation / presynaptic cytosol / Rho protein signal transduction / SARS-CoV-1 targets host intracellular signalling and regulatory pathways / RHO GTPases activate PKNs / phagocytic vesicle / neuron projection morphogenesis / JNK cascade / cellular response to manganese ion / negative regulation of TORC1 signaling / insulin-like growth factor receptor binding / positive regulation of autophagy / Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of MITF-M expression and activity Similarity search - Function
: / : / : / LRRK2 ARM repeat / LRRK2 ANK repeat / LRRK2 beta propeller / : / C-terminal of Roc, COR-B domain / C-terminal of Roc (COR) domain / C-terminal of Roc, COR-A domain ...: / : / : / LRRK2 ARM repeat / LRRK2 ANK repeat / LRRK2 beta propeller / : / C-terminal of Roc, COR-B domain / C-terminal of Roc (COR) domain / C-terminal of Roc, COR-A domain / Ras of Complex, Roc, domain of DAPkinase / Roc domain profile. / Roc domain / Leucine-rich repeats, bacterial type / 14-3-3 proteins signature 2. / 14-3-3 protein, conserved site / 14-3-3 proteins signature 1. / 14-3-3 protein / 14-3-3 homologues / 14-3-3 domain / 14-3-3 domain superfamily / 14-3-3 protein / Leucine rich repeat / Leucine-rich repeat, typical subtype / Leucine-rich repeats, typical (most populated) subfamily / Leucine-rich repeat profile. / Leucine-rich repeat / Rab subfamily of small GTPases / Leucine-rich repeat domain superfamily / Ankyrin repeat-containing domain superfamily / Armadillo-like helical / Small GTP-binding protein domain / Armadillo-type fold / Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site / Serine/Threonine protein kinases active-site signature. / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / Protein kinase domain / Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / Protein kinase, ATP binding site / Protein kinases ATP-binding region signature. / Protein kinase domain profile. / Protein kinase domain / Protein kinase-like domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase Similarity search - Domain/homology
National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (NIH/NCI)
United States
Citation
Journal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025 Title: 14-3-3 binding maintains the Parkinson's associated kinase LRRK2 in an inactive state. Authors: Juliana A Martinez Fiesco / Alexandra Beilina / Astrid Alvarez de la Cruz / Ning Li / Riley D Metcalfe / Mark R Cookson / Ping Zhang / Abstract: Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an essential regulator in cellular signaling and a major contributor to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. 14-3-3 proteins are critical modulators of LRRK2 ...Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an essential regulator in cellular signaling and a major contributor to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. 14-3-3 proteins are critical modulators of LRRK2 activity, yet the structural basis of their interaction has remained unclear. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the LRRK2:14-3-3 autoinhibitory complex, revealing how a 14-3-3 dimer stabilizes an autoinhibited LRRK2 monomer through dual-site anchoring. The dimer engages both phosphorylated S910/S935 sites and the COR-A/B subdomains within the Roc-COR GTPase region. This spatial configuration constrains LRR domain mobility, reinforces the inactive conformation, and likely impedes LRRK2 dimerization and oligomer formation. Structure-guided mutagenesis studies show that PD-associated mutations at the COR:14-3-3 interface and within the GTPase domain weaken 14-3-3 binding and impair its inhibitory effect on LRRK2 kinase activity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that type I LRRK2 kinase inhibitor, which stabilizes the kinase domain in its active conformation, reduces 14-3-3 binding and promotes dephosphorylation at pS910 and pS935. Together, these findings provide a structural basis for understanding how LRRK2 is maintained in an inactive state, elucidate the mechanistic role of 14-3-3 in LRRK2 regulation, inform the interpretation of PD biomarkers, and suggest therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing LRRK2-14-3-3 interactions to treat PD and related disorders.
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