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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-45443
TitleDissecting human monoclonal antibody responses from mRNA and protein-based booster vaccinations against XBB1.5 SARS-CoV-2
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: M39 Fab complex with RBD on XBB1.5 spike
    • Protein or peptide: M39 Fab heavy chain
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
    • Protein or peptide: M39 Fab light chain
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
KeywordsSARS-CoV-2 / Antibody / RBD / Immune SYSTEM / VIRUS LIKE PARTICLE / VIRAL PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / viral translation / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion ...symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / viral translation / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / membrane fusion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / Attachment and Entry / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / receptor ligand activity / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / symbiont entry into host cell / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.65 Å
AuthorsBajic G / Jaiswal D
Funding support United States, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute Of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID)AI168178 United States
CitationJournal: bioRxiv / Year: 2024
Title: Dissecting human monoclonal antibody responses from mRNA- and protein-based XBB.1.5 COVID-19 monovalent vaccines.
Authors: Raianna F Fantin / Jordan J Clark / Hallie Cohn / Deepika Jaiswal / Bailey Bozarth / Alesandro Civljak / Vishal Rao / Igor Lobo / Jessica R Nardulli / Komal Srivastava / Jeremy Yong / Robert ...Authors: Raianna F Fantin / Jordan J Clark / Hallie Cohn / Deepika Jaiswal / Bailey Bozarth / Alesandro Civljak / Vishal Rao / Igor Lobo / Jessica R Nardulli / Komal Srivastava / Jeremy Yong / Robert Andreata-Santos / Kaitlyn Bushfield / Edward S Lee / Gagandeep Singh / / Steven H Kleinstein / Florian Krammer / Viviana Simon / Goran Bajic / Camila H Coelho /
Abstract: The emergence of highly contagious and immune-evasive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has required reformulation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines ...The emergence of highly contagious and immune-evasive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has required reformulation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines to target those new variants specifically. While previous infections and booster vaccinations can enhance variant neutralization, it is unclear whether the monovalent version, administered using either mRNA or protein-based vaccine platforms, can elicit B-cell responses specific for Omicron XBB.1.5 variants. Here, we dissected the genetic antibody repertoire of 603 individual plasmablasts derived from five individuals who received a monovalent XBB.1.5 vaccination either with mRNA (Moderna or Pfizer/BioNtech) or adjuvanted protein (Novavax). From these sequences, we expressed 100 human monoclonal antibodies and determined binding, affinity and protective potential against several SARS-CoV-2 variants, including JN.1. We then select two vaccine-induced XBB.1.5 mAbs, M2 and M39. M2 mAb was a , antibody, i.e., specific for XBB.1.5 but not ancestral SARS-CoV-2. M39 bound and neutralized both XBB.1.5 and JN.1 strains. Our high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (EM) structures of M2 and M39 in complex with the XBB.1.5 spike glycoprotein defined the epitopes engaged and revealed the molecular determinants for the mAbs' specificity. These data show, at the molecular level, that monovalent, variant-specific vaccines can elicit functional antibodies, and shed light on potential functional and genetic differences of mAbs induced by vaccinations with different vaccine platforms.\.
History
DepositionJun 21, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseMar 12, 2025-
Map releaseMar 12, 2025-
UpdateAug 20, 2025-
Current statusAug 20, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_45443.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_45443.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 512 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.83 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 422.4 Å		0.83 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 422.4 Å		0.83 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 422.4 Å

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.825 Å
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Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.1
Minimum - Maximum-0.0018007271 - 1.6614218
Average (Standard dev.)0.00046746916 (±0.013135511)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions512512512
Spacing512512512
CellA=B=C: 422.4 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

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Sample components

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Entire : M39 Fab complex with RBD on XBB1.5 spike

EntireName: M39 Fab complex with RBD on XBB1.5 spike
Components
  • Complex: M39 Fab complex with RBD on XBB1.5 spike
    • Protein or peptide: M39 Fab heavy chain
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
    • Protein or peptide: M39 Fab light chain
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Supramolecule #1: M39 Fab complex with RBD on XBB1.5 spike

SupramoleculeName: M39 Fab complex with RBD on XBB1.5 spike / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#3

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Macromolecule #1: M39 Fab heavy chain

MacromoleculeName: M39 Fab heavy chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 24.543383 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: EVQLVQSGAE VKKPGESLKI SCQGSGYSFS SFWIGWVRQM PGKGLEWMGI IYGGDSDTRY SPSFQGQVSI SADKSLSTAY LQWSSLKPS DTAMYYCART FGTYYDNTED WFFDFWGHGT LVTVSSASTK GPSVFPLAPS SKSTSGGTAA LGCLVKDYFP E PVTVSWNS ...String:
EVQLVQSGAE VKKPGESLKI SCQGSGYSFS SFWIGWVRQM PGKGLEWMGI IYGGDSDTRY SPSFQGQVSI SADKSLSTAY LQWSSLKPS DTAMYYCART FGTYYDNTED WFFDFWGHGT LVTVSSASTK GPSVFPLAPS SKSTSGGTAA LGCLVKDYFP E PVTVSWNS GALTSGVHTF PAVLQSSGLY SLSSVVTVPS SSLGTQTYIC NVNHKPSNTK VDKKVEPKSC

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Macromolecule #2: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Details: variant XBB1.5 on a hexapro background / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 137.862172 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLIT RTQSYTNSFT RGVYYPDKVF RSSVLHSTQD LFLPFFSNVT WFHAIHVSGT NGTKRFDNPA LPFNDGVYF ASTEKSNIIR GWIFGTTLDS KTQSLLIVNN ATNVVIKVCE FQFCNDPFLD VYQKNNKSWM ESEFRVYSSA N NCTFEYVS ...String:
MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLIT RTQSYTNSFT RGVYYPDKVF RSSVLHSTQD LFLPFFSNVT WFHAIHVSGT NGTKRFDNPA LPFNDGVYF ASTEKSNIIR GWIFGTTLDS KTQSLLIVNN ATNVVIKVCE FQFCNDPFLD VYQKNNKSWM ESEFRVYSSA N NCTFEYVS QPFLMDLEGK EGNFKNLREF VFKNIDGYFK IYSKHTPINL ERDLPQGFSA LEPLVDLPIG INITRFQTLL AL HRSYLTP VDSSSGWTAG AAAYYVGYLQ PRTFLLKYNE NGTITDAVDC ALDPLSETKC TLKSFIVEKG IYQTSNFRVQ PTE SIVRFP NITNLCPFHE VFNATTFASV YAWNRKRISN CVADYSVIYN FAPFFAFKCY GVSPTKLNDL CFTNVYADSF VIRG NEVSQ IAPGQTGNIA DYNYKLPDDF TGCVIAWNSN KLDSKPSGNY NYLYRFLRKS KLKPFERDIS TEIYQVGNKP CNGVA GPNC YSPLQSYGFR PTYGVGHQPY RVVVLSFELL HAPATVCGPK KSTNLVKNKC VNFNFNGLTG TGVLTESNKK FLPFQQ FGR DIADTTDAVR DPQTLEILDI TPCSFGGVSV ITPGTNTSNQ VAVLYQGVNC TEVPVAIHAD QLTPTWRVYS TGSNVFQ TR AGCLIGAEYV NNSYECDIPI GAGICASYQT QTKSHGSASS VASQSIIAYT MSLGAENSVA YSNNSIAIPT NFTISVTT E ILPVSMTKTS VDCTMYICGD STECSNLLLQ YGSFCTQLKR ALTGIAVEQD KNTQEVFAQV KQIYKTPPIK YFGGFNFSQ ILPDPSKPSK RSPIEDLLFN KVTLADAGFI KQYGDCLGDI AARDLICAQK FNGLTVLPPL LTDEMIAQYT SALLAGTITS GWTFGAGPA LQIPFPMQMA YRFNGIGVTQ NVLYENQKLI ANQFNSAIGK IQDSLSSTPS ALGKLQDVVN HNAQALNTLV K QLSSKFGA ISSVLNDILS RLDPPEAEVQ IDRLITGRLQ SLQTYVTQQL IRAAEIRASA NLAATKMSEC VLGQSKRVDF CG KGYHLMS FPQSAPHGVV FLHVTYVPAQ EKNFTTAPAI CHDGKAHFPR EGVFVSNGTH WFVTQRNFYE PQIITTDNTF VSG NCDVVI GIVNNTVYDP LQPELDSFKE ELDKYFKNHT SPDVDLGDIS GINASVVNIQ KEIDRLNEVA KNLNESLIDL QELG KYEQG SGYIPEAPRD GQAYVRKDGE WVLLSTFLGR SLEVLFQ

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #3: M39 Fab light chain

MacromoleculeName: M39 Fab light chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 22.990451 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: DIQMTQSPST LSASVGDRVT ITCRASQRIG SWVAWYQQRP GKAPKFLIYN PSTLESGVPS RFSASGSGTE FTLTISSLQP DDFATYYCQ QYDAFGQGTK LEIKRTVAAP SVFIFPPSDE QLKSGTASVV CLLNNFYPRE AKVQWKVDNA LQSGNSQESV T EQDSKDST ...String:
DIQMTQSPST LSASVGDRVT ITCRASQRIG SWVAWYQQRP GKAPKFLIYN PSTLESGVPS RFSASGSGTE FTLTISSLQP DDFATYYCQ QYDAFGQGTK LEIKRTVAAP SVFIFPPSDE QLKSGTASVV CLLNNFYPRE AKVQWKVDNA LQSGNSQESV T EQDSKDST YSLSSTLTLS KADYEKHKVY ACEVTHQGLS SPVTKSFNRG E

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Macromolecule #4: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration2 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 49.883 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: OTHER / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.4 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.6 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING ONLY
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.65 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 549696
Initial angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION
Final angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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