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- EMDB-43683: Cryo-EM structure of FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state with choli... -
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Open data
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Basic information
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Title | Cryo-EM structure of FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state with choline bound | |||||||||
![]() | FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state in complex with choline and Fab FLV23 | |||||||||
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![]() | Choline transporter / blood-brain barrier / membrane protein / MFS fold / TRANSPORT PROTEIN | |||||||||
Function / homology | ![]() heme transmembrane transporter activity / mitochondrial membrane / heme binding / endoplasmic reticulum membrane Similarity search - Function | |||||||||
Biological species | ![]() ![]() | |||||||||
Method | single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.77 Å | |||||||||
![]() | Cater RJ / Mancia F | |||||||||
Funding support | ![]()
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![]() | ![]() Title: Structural and molecular basis of choline uptake into the brain by FLVCR2. Authors: Rosemary J Cater / Dibyanti Mukherjee / Eva Gil-Iturbe / Satchal K Erramilli / Ting Chen / Katie Koo / Nicolás Santander / Andrew Reckers / Brian Kloss / Tomasz Gawda / Brendon C Choy / ...Authors: Rosemary J Cater / Dibyanti Mukherjee / Eva Gil-Iturbe / Satchal K Erramilli / Ting Chen / Katie Koo / Nicolás Santander / Andrew Reckers / Brian Kloss / Tomasz Gawda / Brendon C Choy / Zhening Zhang / Aditya Katewa / Amara Larpthaveesarp / Eric J Huang / Scott W J Mooney / Oliver B Clarke / Sook Wah Yee / Kathleen M Giacomini / Anthony A Kossiakoff / Matthias Quick / Thomas Arnold / Filippo Mancia / ![]() ![]() ![]() Abstract: Choline is an essential nutrient that the human body needs in vast quantities for cell membrane synthesis, epigenetic modification and neurotransmission. The brain has a particularly high demand for ...Choline is an essential nutrient that the human body needs in vast quantities for cell membrane synthesis, epigenetic modification and neurotransmission. The brain has a particularly high demand for choline, but how it enters the brain remains unknown. The major facilitator superfamily transporter FLVCR1 (also known as MFSD7B or SLC49A1) was recently determined to be a choline transporter but is not highly expressed at the blood-brain barrier, whereas the related protein FLVCR2 (also known as MFSD7C or SLC49A2) is expressed in endothelial cells at the blood-brain barrier. Previous studies have shown that mutations in human Flvcr2 cause cerebral vascular abnormalities, hydrocephalus and embryonic lethality, but the physiological role of FLVCR2 is unknown. Here we demonstrate both in vivo and in vitro that FLVCR2 is a BBB choline transporter and is responsible for the majority of choline uptake into the brain. We also determine the structures of choline-bound FLVCR2 in both inward-facing and outward-facing states using cryo-electron microscopy. These results reveal how the brain obtains choline and provide molecular-level insights into how FLVCR2 binds choline in an aromatic cage and mediates its uptake. Our work could provide a novel framework for the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents into the brain. | |||||||||
History |
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Structure visualization
Supplemental images |
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Downloads & links
-EMDB archive
Map data | ![]() | 197.7 MB | ![]() | |
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Header (meta data) | ![]() ![]() | 18.6 KB 18.6 KB | Display Display | ![]() |
Images | ![]() | 113.5 KB | ||
Filedesc metadata | ![]() | 6.5 KB | ||
Others | ![]() ![]() | 194.1 MB 194.1 MB | ||
Archive directory | ![]() ![]() | HTTPS FTP |
-Related structure data
Related structure data | ![]() 8vznMC ![]() 8vzoC C: citing same article ( M: atomic model generated by this map |
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Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology ![]() |
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Links
EMDB pages | ![]() ![]() |
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Related items in Molecule of the Month |
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Map
File | ![]() | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Annotation | FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state in complex with choline and Fab FLV23 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Voxel size | X=Y=Z: 0.83 Å | ||||||||||||||||||||
Density |
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Symmetry | Space group: 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Details | EMDB XML:
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-Supplemental data
-Half map: FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state in complex with...
File | emd_43683_half_map_1.map | ||||||||||||
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Annotation | FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state in complex with choline and Fab FLV9 half map A | ||||||||||||
Projections & Slices |
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Density Histograms |
-Half map: FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state in complex with...
File | emd_43683_half_map_2.map | ||||||||||||
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Annotation | FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state in complex with choline and Fab FLV9 half map B | ||||||||||||
Projections & Slices |
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Density Histograms |
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Sample components
-Entire : FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state complexed with choline and Fab FLV9
Entire | Name: FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state complexed with choline and Fab FLV9 |
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Components |
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-Supramolecule #1: FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state complexed with choline and Fab FLV9
Supramolecule | Name: FLVCR2 in the inward-facing state complexed with choline and Fab FLV9 type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#3 |
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Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() ![]() |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 110 KDa |
-Macromolecule #1: Feline leukemia virus subgroup C cellular receptor 2
Macromolecule | Name: Feline leukemia virus subgroup C cellular receptor 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() ![]() |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 60.103266 KDa |
Recombinant expression | Organism: ![]() |
Sequence | String: MVNESLNQEE SNDRPAPESE FQMDTSYSTQ PSGSIHPSVS GHPSVSGHPS VSGHPSVSIH PSVSIDPSVS VRPSSSALPS TLAQPSGLT HHSSLVREDS VIKVSKRRWV VVLVFSCYSL CNAFQWIQYG SINNIFMNFY GVSAFAIDWL SMCYMLTYIP L LLPVAWML ...String: MVNESLNQEE SNDRPAPESE FQMDTSYSTQ PSGSIHPSVS GHPSVSGHPS VSGHPSVSIH PSVSIDPSVS VRPSSSALPS TLAQPSGLT HHSSLVREDS VIKVSKRRWV VVLVFSCYSL CNAFQWIQYG SINNIFMNFY GVSAFAIDWL SMCYMLTYIP L LLPVAWML EKFGLRTIAI TGSALNCLGA WVKLGSLEPH LFPVTMVGQV ICSVAQVFIL GMPSRIASVW FGADEVSTAC SV AVFGNQL GIAIGFLVPP VLVPNIKDPE KLAYHISIMF YIIGGVATFL FILVIIVFKE KPKHPPSRAQ SLSYALATTD ASY LSSIVR LFKNLNFVLL VITYGLNAGA FYALSTLLNR MVILHFPGEE VNAGRIGLTI VIAGMFGAMI SGIWLDKSKT YKET TLVVY IMTLVGMVVY TFTLNLNHLW VVFITAGTLG FFMTGYLPLG FEFAVELTYP ESEGVSSGLL NVSAQVFGIV FTISQ GQII DNHGTMFGNI FLCVFLALGS ALTAFIKSDL RRQRANKDAP ETKVQEEEEE EEGSNTSKVP VVSEAHL UniProtKB: Feline leukemia virus subgroup C cellular receptor 2 |
-Macromolecule #2: Fab FLV9 heavy chain
Macromolecule | Name: Fab FLV9 heavy chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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Source (natural) | Organism: synthetic construct (others) |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 25.767727 KDa |
Recombinant expression | Organism: ![]() ![]() |
Sequence | String: EISEVQLVES GGGLVQPGGS LRLSCAASGF NVSSSYIHWV RQAPGKGLEW VASIYPYSGY TSYADSVKGR FTISADTSKN TAYLQMNSL RAEDTAVYYC ARKQYNWPWP YIHSRYWGFD YWGQGTLVTV SSASTKGPSV FPLAPSSKST SGGTAALGCL V KDYFPEPV ...String: EISEVQLVES GGGLVQPGGS LRLSCAASGF NVSSSYIHWV RQAPGKGLEW VASIYPYSGY TSYADSVKGR FTISADTSKN TAYLQMNSL RAEDTAVYYC ARKQYNWPWP YIHSRYWGFD YWGQGTLVTV SSASTKGPSV FPLAPSSKST SGGTAALGCL V KDYFPEPV TVSWNSGALT SGVHTFPAVL QSSGLYSLSS VVTVPSSSLG TQTYICNVNH KPSNTKVDKK VEPKSCDKTH T |
-Macromolecule #3: Fab FLV9 light chain
Macromolecule | Name: Fab FLV9 light chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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Source (natural) | Organism: synthetic construct (others) |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 23.290828 KDa |
Recombinant expression | Organism: ![]() ![]() |
Sequence | String: SDIQMTQSPS SLSASVGDRV TITCRASQSV SSAVAWYQQK PGKAPKLLIY SASSLYSGVP SRFSGSRSGT DFTLTISSLQ PEDFATYYC QQSYGSLVTF GQGTKVEIKR TVAAPSVFIF PPSDSQLKSG TASVVCLLNN FYPREAKVQW KVDNALQSGN S QESVTEQD ...String: SDIQMTQSPS SLSASVGDRV TITCRASQSV SSAVAWYQQK PGKAPKLLIY SASSLYSGVP SRFSGSRSGT DFTLTISSLQ PEDFATYYC QQSYGSLVTF GQGTKVEIKR TVAAPSVFIF PPSDSQLKSG TASVVCLLNN FYPREAKVQW KVDNALQSGN S QESVTEQD SKDSTYSLSS TLTLSKADYE KHKVYACEVT HQGLSSPVTK SFNRGEC |
-Macromolecule #4: CHOLINE ION
Macromolecule | Name: CHOLINE ION / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: CHT |
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Molecular weight | Theoretical: 104.171 Da |
Chemical component information | ![]() ChemComp-CHT: |
-Experimental details
-Structure determination
Method | cryo EM |
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![]() | single particle reconstruction |
Aggregation state | particle |
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Sample preparation
Buffer | pH: 7 |
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Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy
Microscope | FEI TITAN KRIOS |
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Image recording | Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 58.2 e/Å2 |
Electron beam | Acceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: ![]() |
Electron optics | Illumination mode: SPOT SCAN / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.8 µm |
Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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Image processing
Startup model | Type of model: INSILICO MODEL |
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Final reconstruction | Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.77 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 308701 |
Initial angle assignment | Type: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD |
Final angle assignment | Type: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD |