National Institutes of Health/National Institute Of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID)
AI163395
United States
Citation
Journal: Science / Year: 2024 Title: Structure and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 spike refolding in membranes. Authors: Michael W Grunst / Zhuan Qin / Esteban Dodero-Rojas / Shilei Ding / Jérémie Prévost / Yaozong Chen / Yanping Hu / Marzena Pazgier / Shenping Wu / Xuping Xie / Andrés Finzi / José N ...Authors: Michael W Grunst / Zhuan Qin / Esteban Dodero-Rojas / Shilei Ding / Jérémie Prévost / Yaozong Chen / Yanping Hu / Marzena Pazgier / Shenping Wu / Xuping Xie / Andrés Finzi / José N Onuchic / Paul C Whitford / Walther Mothes / Wenwei Li / Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein binds the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and drives virus-host membrane fusion through refolding of its ...The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein binds the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and drives virus-host membrane fusion through refolding of its S2 domain. Whereas the S1 domain contains high sequence variability, the S2 domain is conserved and is a promising pan-betacoronavirus vaccine target. We applied cryo-electron tomography to capture intermediates of S2 refolding and understand inhibition by antibodies to the S2 stem-helix. Subtomogram averaging revealed ACE2 dimers cross-linking spikes before transitioning into S2 intermediates, which were captured at various stages of refolding. Pan-betacoronavirus neutralizing antibodies targeting the S2 stem-helix bound to and inhibited refolding of spike prehairpin intermediates. Combined with molecular dynamics simulations, these structures elucidate the process of SARS-CoV-2 entry and reveal how pan-betacoronavirus S2-targeting antibodies neutralize infectivity by arresting prehairpin intermediates.
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