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- EMDB-38779: Cryo-EM structure of CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with ... -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-38779
TitleCryo-EM structure of CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
Map dataCryo-EM map of CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
Sample
  • Complex: CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
    • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: ZINC ION
KeywordsCX1 / spike protein / receptor binding domain / human ACE2 / VIRAL PROTEIN / HYDROLASE-VIRAL PROTEIN complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / maternal process involved in female pregnancy ...positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / maternal process involved in female pregnancy / peptidyl-dipeptidase activity / regulation of vasoconstriction / transporter activator activity / Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins / carboxypeptidase activity / angiotensin maturation / Attachment and Entry / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / metallocarboxypeptidase activity / viral life cycle / positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / regulation of cytokine production / blood vessel diameter maintenance / negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / brush border membrane / negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / endocytic vesicle membrane / positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / metallopeptidase activity / regulation of cell population proliferation / virus receptor activity / regulation of inflammatory response / endopeptidase activity / symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / viral translation / host extracellular space / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Potential therapeutics for SARS / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / cilium / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / apical plasma membrane / membrane raft / receptor ligand activity / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / symbiont entry into host cell / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / cell surface / negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / zinc ion binding / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal ...Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Spike glycoprotein / Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Homo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.04 Å
AuthorsXu ZP / Li LJ / Gu YH / Qi JX / Gao GF
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Chinese Academy of SciencesXDB29010202 China
CitationJournal: J Virol / Year: 2025
Title: CX1/BtSY2 and BANAL-20-52 exhibit broader receptor binding and higher affinities to multiple animal ACE2 orthologs than SARS-CoV-2 prototype.
Authors: Zepeng Xu / Linjie Li / Yuhang Gu / Dedong Li / Jianxun Qi / Kefang Liu / Chu-Xia Deng / George Fu Gao /
Abstract: Animal coronaviruses (CoVs) CX1 (formerly named BtSY2) and BANAL-20-52 are phylogenetically closely related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and CX1 is the first ...Animal coronaviruses (CoVs) CX1 (formerly named BtSY2) and BANAL-20-52 are phylogenetically closely related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and CX1 is the first observed animal betaCoV carrying naturally occurring Y501 in its receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein, a residue related to human adaptation and broader host range. We evaluated the ACE2 usage of CX1 and BANAL-20-52 and observed broader receptor binding spectra and higher affinities to most of the tested animal ACE2 orthologs than the SARS-CoV-2 prototype. Determination of the cryo-EM structures of their S proteins and RBD/hACE2 complexes reveals that Y501 is inter-replaceable with H498 substitution while synergetic with R498 for human ACE2 binding. These results provide further structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 receptor recognition and address the importance of surveillance on potential emerging CoVs.IMPORTANCESince the outbreak of COVID-19, forewarning and prevention of the next pandemic have been widely discussed. Coronaviruses (CoVs) CX1 (formerly named BtSY2) and BANAL-20-52 are phylogenetically closely related to SARS-CoV-2. Particularly, CX1 is the first SARS-CoV-2-related CoV containing Y501 in its receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein. This study evaluated the interspecies transmission potential of the two CoVs and structurally elucidated the interplay between two RBD residues 498 and 501 on ACE2 binding, further highlighting the importance of surveillance on zoonotic CoVs.
History
DepositionJan 20, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseJan 22, 2025-
Map releaseJan 22, 2025-
UpdateAug 20, 2025-
Current statusAug 20, 2025Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_38779.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_38779.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 209.3 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationCryo-EM map of CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.85 Å/pix.
x 380 pix.
= 323. Å		0.85 Å/pix.
x 380 pix.
= 323. Å		0.85 Å/pix.
x 380 pix.
= 323. Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.85 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.3
Minimum - Maximum-0.0016920421 - 1.7701299
Average (Standard dev.)0.0005160522 (±0.016063454)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions380380380
Spacing380380380
CellA=B=C: 323.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_38779_msk_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Additional map: Sharpen map of CX1 receptor binding domain in...

Fileemd_38779_additional_1.map
AnnotationSharpen map of CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2(by DeepEMhancer)
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Histogram

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Half map: Half-A map of CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2

Fileemd_38779_half_map_1.map
AnnotationHalf-A map of CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half-B map structure of CX1 receptor binding domain...

Fileemd_38779_half_map_2.map
AnnotationHalf-B map structure of CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Sample components

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Entire : CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2

EntireName: CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
Components
  • Complex: CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
    • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: ZINC ION

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Supramolecule #1: CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2

SupramoleculeName: CX1 receptor binding domain in complex with human ACE2
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#2
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Macromolecule #1: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

MacromoleculeName: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 69.982562 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: STIEEQAKTF LDKFNHEAED LFYQSSLASW NYNTNITEEN VQNMNNAGDK WSAFLKEQST LAQMYPLQEI QNLTVKLQLQ ALQQNGSSV LSEDKSKRLN TILNTMSTIY STGKVCNPDN PQECLLLEPG LNEIMANSLD YNERLWAWES WRSEVGKQLR P LYEEYVVL ...String:
STIEEQAKTF LDKFNHEAED LFYQSSLASW NYNTNITEEN VQNMNNAGDK WSAFLKEQST LAQMYPLQEI QNLTVKLQLQ ALQQNGSSV LSEDKSKRLN TILNTMSTIY STGKVCNPDN PQECLLLEPG LNEIMANSLD YNERLWAWES WRSEVGKQLR P LYEEYVVL KNEMARANHY EDYGDYWRGD YEVNGVDGYD YSRGQLIEDV EHTFEEIKPL YEHLHAYVRA KLMNAYPSYI SP IGCLPAH LLGDMWGRFW TNLYSLTVPF GQKPNIDVTD AMVDQAWDAQ RIFKEAEKFF VSVGLPNMTQ GFWENSMLTD PGN VQKAVC HPTAWDLGKG DFRILMCTKV TMDDFLTAHH EMGHIQYDMA YAAQPFLLRN GANEGFHEAV GEIMSLSAAT PKHL KSIGL LSPDFQEDNE TEINFLLKQA LTIVGTLPFT YMLEKWRWMV FKGEIPKDQW MKKWWEMKRE IVGVVEPVPH DETYC DPAS LFHVSNDYSF IRYYTRTLYQ FQFQEALCQA AKHEGPLHKC DISNSTEAGQ KLFNMLRLGK SEPWTLALEN VVGAKN MNV RPLLNYFEPL FTWLKDQNKN SFVGWSTDWS PYADHHHHHH

UniProtKB: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

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Macromolecule #2: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 139.396516 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SSTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHL TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHALHV SGTNGIKRFD NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF ...String:
MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SSTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHL TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHALHV SGTNGIKRFD NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF EYVSQPFLID LEGKQGNFKN LREFVFKNID GYFKIYSKHT PINLVRDLPP GFSALEPLVD LPIGINITRF QT LLALHRS YLTPGDSSSG WTAGAAAYYV GYLQPRTFLL KYNENGTITD AVDCALDPLS ETKCTLKSFT VEKGIYQTSN FRV QPTQSI VRFPNITNLC PFGEVFNATR FASVYAWNRK RISNCVADYS VLYNSTSFST FKCYGVSPTK LNDLCFTNVY ADSF VIRGD EVRQIAPGQT GKIADYNYKL PDDFTGCVIA WNSNNLDSKV GGNYNYLYRL FRKSNLKPFE RDISTEIYQA GSTPC NGVE GLNCYFPLQS YGFHPTYGVG YQPYRVVVLS FELLNAPATV CGPKKSTNLI KNKCVNFNFN GLTGTGVLTQ SNKKFL PFQ QFGRDIADTT DAVRDPQTLE ILDITPCSFG GVSVITPGTN ASNQVAVLYQ DVNCTEVPVA IHADQLTPTW RVYSTGS NV FQTRAGCLIG AEHVNNSYEC DIPIGAGICA SYQTQTNSRS VASQSIIAYT MSLGAENSVA YSNNSIAIPT NFTISVTT E ILPVSMTKTS VDCTMYICGD STECSNLLLQ YGSFCTQLNR ALTGIAVEQD KNTQEVFAQV KQIYKTPPIK DFGGFNFSQ ILPDPSKPSK RSPIEDLLFN KVTLADAGFI KQYGDCLGDI AARDLICAQK FNGLTVLPPL LTDEMIAQYT SALLAGTITS GWTFGAGPA LQIPFPMQMA YRFNGIGVTQ NVLYENQKLI ANQFNSAIGK IQDSLSSTPS ALGKLQDVVN QNAQALNTLV K QLSSNFGA ISSVLNDILS RLDPPEAEVQ IDRLITGRLQ SLQTYVTQQL IRAAEIRASA NLAATKMSEC VLGQSKRVDF CG KGYHLMS FPQSAPHGVV FLHVTYIPSQ EKNFTTAPAI CHDGKAHFPR EGVFVSNGTH WFITQRNFYE PQIITTDNTF VSG NCDVVI GIVNNTVYDP LQPELDSFKE ELDKYFKNHT SPDIDLGDIS GINASVVNIQ KEIDRLNEVA RNLNESLIDL QELG KYEQY IKWPWGGGSG GGSGYIPEAP RDGQAYVRKD GEWVLLSTFL GGGSAWSHPQ FEK

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #3: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 7 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #4: ZINC ION

MacromoleculeName: ZINC ION / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: ZN
Molecular weightTheoretical: 65.409 Da

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.04 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 236030
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: RANDOM ASSIGNMENT

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