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- EMDB-37776: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.70 in complex with ACE2 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-37776
TitleSARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.70 in complex with ACE2
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.70 in complex with ACE2
    • Complex: ACE2
      • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
    • Complex: XBB.1.5.70
      • Protein or peptide: Spike protein S2'
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
KeywordsSARS-CoV-2 / XBB.1.5.70 / RBD / ACE2 / VIRAL PROTEIN/HYDROLASE / VIRAL PROTEIN-HYDROLASE complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / viral translation / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction ...positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / viral translation / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / maternal process involved in female pregnancy / peptidyl-dipeptidase activity / regulation of vasoconstriction / transporter activator activity / Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins / carboxypeptidase activity / angiotensin maturation / Attachment and Entry / viral life cycle / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / metallocarboxypeptidase activity / positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / regulation of cytokine production / blood vessel diameter maintenance / negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / brush border membrane / negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / metallopeptidase activity / endocytic vesicle membrane / regulation of cell population proliferation / virus receptor activity / regulation of inflammatory response / endopeptidase activity / symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / Potential therapeutics for SARS / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / apical plasma membrane / host cell surface receptor binding / cilium / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / membrane raft / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / receptor ligand activity / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / symbiont entry into host cell / virion attachment to host cell / host cell plasma membrane / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / virion membrane / cell surface / negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / zinc ion binding / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal ...Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Spike glycoprotein / Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Homo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.08 Å
AuthorsFeng LL
Funding support1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
CitationJournal: PLoS Pathog / Year: 2023
Title: Convergent evolution of SARS-CoV-2 XBB lineages on receptor-binding domain 455-456 synergistically enhances antibody evasion and ACE2 binding.
Authors: Fanchong Jian / Leilei Feng / Sijie Yang / Yuanling Yu / Lei Wang / Weiliang Song / Ayijiang Yisimayi / Xiaosu Chen / Yanli Xu / Peng Wang / Lingling Yu / Jing Wang / Lu Liu / Xiao Niu / ...Authors: Fanchong Jian / Leilei Feng / Sijie Yang / Yuanling Yu / Lei Wang / Weiliang Song / Ayijiang Yisimayi / Xiaosu Chen / Yanli Xu / Peng Wang / Lingling Yu / Jing Wang / Lu Liu / Xiao Niu / Jing Wang / Tianhe Xiao / Ran An / Yao Wang / Qingqing Gu / Fei Shao / Ronghua Jin / Zhongyang Shen / Youchun Wang / Xiangxi Wang / Yunlong Cao /
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) XBB lineages have achieved dominance worldwide and keep on evolving. Convergent evolution of XBB lineages on the receptor-binding domain ...Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) XBB lineages have achieved dominance worldwide and keep on evolving. Convergent evolution of XBB lineages on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) L455F and F456L is observed, resulting in variants with substantial growth advantages, such as EG.5, FL.1.5.1, XBB.1.5.70, and HK.3. Here, we show that neutralizing antibody (NAb) evasion drives the convergent evolution of F456L, while the epistatic shift caused by F456L enables the subsequent convergence of L455F through ACE2 binding enhancement and further immune evasion. L455F and F456L evade RBD-targeting Class 1 public NAbs, reducing the neutralization efficacy of XBB breakthrough infection (BTI) and reinfection convalescent plasma. Importantly, L455F single substitution significantly dampens receptor binding; however, the combination of L455F and F456L forms an adjacent residue flipping, which leads to enhanced NAbs resistance and ACE2 binding affinity. The perturbed receptor-binding mode leads to the exceptional ACE2 binding and NAb evasion, as revealed by structural analyses. Our results indicate the evolution flexibility contributed by epistasis cannot be underestimated, and the evolution potential of SARS-CoV-2 RBD remains high.
History
DepositionOct 14, 2023-
Header (metadata) releaseNov 29, 2023-
Map releaseNov 29, 2023-
UpdateJul 23, 2025-
Current statusJul 23, 2025Processing site: PDBc / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_37776.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_37776.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 103 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.81 Å/pix.
x 300 pix.
= 242.4 Å		0.81 Å/pix.
x 300 pix.
= 242.4 Å		0.81 Å/pix.
x 300 pix.
= 242.4 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

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Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.808 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.3
Minimum - Maximum-2.2323828 - 3.5757616
Average (Standard dev.)0.00093595753 (±0.064963184)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions300300300
Spacing300300300
CellA=B=C: 242.40001 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_37776_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_37776_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.70 in complex with ACE2

EntireName: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.70 in complex with ACE2
Components
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.70 in complex with ACE2
    • Complex: ACE2
      • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
    • Complex: XBB.1.5.70
      • Protein or peptide: Spike protein S2'
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Supramolecule #1: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.70 in complex with ACE2

SupramoleculeName: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.70 in complex with ACE2 / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#2
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Supramolecule #2: ACE2

SupramoleculeName: ACE2 / type: complex / ID: 2 / Parent: 1 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Supramolecule #3: XBB.1.5.70

SupramoleculeName: XBB.1.5.70 / type: complex / ID: 3 / Parent: 1 / Macromolecule list: #2
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Macromolecule #1: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

MacromoleculeName: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 92.556695 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MSSSSWLLLS LVAVTAAQST IEEQAKTFLD KFNHEAEDLF YQSSLASWNY NTNITEENVQ NMNNAGDKWS AFLKEQSTLA QMYPLQEIQ NLTVKLQLQA LQQNGSSVLS EDKSKRLNTI LNTMSTIYST GKVCNPDNPQ ECLLLEPGLN EIMANSLDYN E RLWAWESW ...String:
MSSSSWLLLS LVAVTAAQST IEEQAKTFLD KFNHEAEDLF YQSSLASWNY NTNITEENVQ NMNNAGDKWS AFLKEQSTLA QMYPLQEIQ NLTVKLQLQA LQQNGSSVLS EDKSKRLNTI LNTMSTIYST GKVCNPDNPQ ECLLLEPGLN EIMANSLDYN E RLWAWESW RSEVGKQLRP LYEEYVVLKN EMARANHYED YGDYWRGDYE VNGVDGYDYS RGQLIEDVEH TFEEIKPLYE HL HAYVRAK LMNAYPSYIS PIGCLPAHLL GDMWGRFWTN LYSLTVPFGQ KPNIDVTDAM VDQAWDAQRI FKEAEKFFVS VGL PNMTQG FWENSMLTDP GNVQKAVCHP TAWDLGKGDF RILMCTKVTM DDFLTAHHEM GHIQYDMAYA AQPFLLRNGA NEGF HEAVG EIMSLSAATP KHLKSIGLLS PDFQEDNETE INFLLKQALT IVGTLPFTYM LEKWRWMVFK GEIPKDQWMK KWWEM KREI VGVVEPVPHD ETYCDPASLF HVSNDYSFIR YYTRTLYQFQ FQEALCQAAK HEGPLHKCDI SNSTEAGQKL FNMLRL GKS EPWTLALENV VGAKNMNVRP LLNYFEPLFT WLKDQNKNSF VGWSTDWSPY ADQSIKVRIS LKSALGDKAY EWNDNEM YL FRSSVAYAMR QYFLKVKNQM ILFGEEDVRV ANLKPRISFN FFVTAPKNVS DIIPRTEVEK AIRMSRSRIN DAFRLNDN S LEFLGIQPTL GPPNQPPVSI WLIVFGVVMG VIVVGIVILI FTGIRDRKKK NKARSGENPY ASIDISKGEN NPGFQNTDD VQTSF

UniProtKB: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

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Macromolecule #2: Spike protein S2'

MacromoleculeName: Spike protein S2' / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Strain: Omicron/XBB.1.5.70
Molecular weightTheoretical: 22.067965 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: NLCPFHEVFN ATTFASVYAW NRKRISNCVA DYSVIYNFAP FFAFKCYGVS PTKLNDLCFT NVYADSFVIR GNEVSQIAPG QTGNIADYN YKLPDDFTGC VIAWNSNKLD SKPSGNYNYL YRFLRKSKLK PFERDISTEI YQAGNKPCNG VAGPNCYSPL Q SYGFRPTY ...String:
NLCPFHEVFN ATTFASVYAW NRKRISNCVA DYSVIYNFAP FFAFKCYGVS PTKLNDLCFT NVYADSFVIR GNEVSQIAPG QTGNIADYN YKLPDDFTGC VIAWNSNKLD SKPSGNYNYL YRFLRKSKLK PFERDISTEI YQAGNKPCNG VAGPNCYSPL Q SYGFRPTY GVGHQPYRVV VLSFELLHAP ATVCGPKK

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #3: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 4 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 QUANTUM (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 27.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 15.0 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: EMDB MAP
EMDB ID:

32478

Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.08 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 263962
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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