[English] 日本語
Yorodumi
- EMDB-36317: Cryo-EM structure of niacin bound ketone body receptor HCAR2-Gi s... -

+
Open data


ID or keywords:

Loading...

-
Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-36317
TitleCryo-EM structure of niacin bound ketone body receptor HCAR2-Gi signaling complex
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: niacin-bound HCAR2 in complex with Gi heterotrimer
    • Complex: Nicotinic acid receptor in complex with Gi heterotrimer
      • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
      • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
      • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
      • Protein or peptide: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
    • Complex: scFv16
      • Protein or peptide: scFv16
  • Ligand: NICOTINIC ACID
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL
  • Ligand: water
KeywordsComplex / Agonist / MEMBRANE PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


nicotinic acid receptor activity / Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors / neutrophil apoptotic process / positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / positive regulation of adiponectin secretion / T cell migration / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex ...nicotinic acid receptor activity / Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors / neutrophil apoptotic process / positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / positive regulation of adiponectin secretion / T cell migration / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling / D2 dopamine receptor binding / G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding / regulation of mitotic spindle organization / cellular response to forskolin / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / Regulation of insulin secretion / G protein-coupled receptor binding / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G-protein activation / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / response to peptide hormone / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / photoreceptor disc membrane / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / G alpha (z) signalling events / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / sensory perception of taste / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / GDP binding / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / extracellular vesicle / cell junction / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / GTPase binding / retina development in camera-type eye / Ca2+ pathway / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / cell cortex / midbody / fibroblast proliferation / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / G alpha (q) signalling events / Ras protein signal transduction / cell population proliferation / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / cell division / lysosomal membrane / GTPase activity / centrosome / synapse / protein-containing complex binding / nucleolus / GTP binding / magnesium ion binding / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / nucleoplasm / membrane / plasma membrane / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
: / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain ...: / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD domain, G-beta repeat / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 / Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Mus musculus (house mouse)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.5 Å
AuthorsZhao C / Tian XW / Liu Y / Cheng L / Yan W / Shao ZH
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) China
CitationJournal: Mol Cell / Year: 2023
Title: Biased allosteric activation of ketone body receptor HCAR2 suppresses inflammation.
Authors: Chang Zhao / Heli Wang / Ying Liu / Lin Cheng / Bo Wang / Xiaowen Tian / Hong Fu / Chao Wu / Ziyan Li / Chenglong Shen / Jingjing Yu / Shengyong Yang / Hongbo Hu / Ping Fu / Liang Ma / ...Authors: Chang Zhao / Heli Wang / Ying Liu / Lin Cheng / Bo Wang / Xiaowen Tian / Hong Fu / Chao Wu / Ziyan Li / Chenglong Shen / Jingjing Yu / Shengyong Yang / Hongbo Hu / Ping Fu / Liang Ma / Chuanxin Wang / Wei Yan / Zhenhua Shao /
Abstract: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2), modulated by endogenous ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate and exogenous niacin, is a promising therapeutic target for inflammation-related diseases. HCAR2 ...Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2), modulated by endogenous ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate and exogenous niacin, is a promising therapeutic target for inflammation-related diseases. HCAR2 mediates distinct pathophysiological events by activating G protein or β-arrestin effectors. Here, we characterize compound 9n as a G-biased allosteric modulator (BAM) of HCAR2 and exhibit anti-inflammatory efficacy in RAW264.7 macrophages via a specific HCAR2-G pathway. Furthermore, four structures of HCAR2-G complex bound to orthosteric agonists (niacin or monomethyl fumarate), compound 9n, and niacin together with compound 9n simultaneously reveal a common orthosteric site and a unique allosteric site. Combined with functional studies, we decipher the action framework of biased allosteric modulation of compound 9n on the orthosteric site. Moreover, co-administration of compound 9n with orthosteric agonists could enhance anti-inflammatory effects in the mouse model of colitis. Together, our study provides insight to understand the molecular pharmacology of the BAM and facilitates exploring the therapeutic potential of the BAM with orthosteric drugs.
History
DepositionMay 26, 2023-
Header (metadata) releaseSep 6, 2023-
Map releaseSep 6, 2023-
UpdateOct 23, 2024-
Current statusOct 23, 2024Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

-
Structure visualization

Supplemental images

Downloads & links

-
Map

FileDownload / File: emd_36317.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 64 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.92 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 235.52 Å
0.92 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 235.52 Å
0.92 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 235.52 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.92 Å
Density
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.667
Minimum - Maximum-1.7844481 - 5.3738246
Average (Standard dev.)0.011389226 (±0.07845448)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 235.52 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

-
Supplemental data

-
Additional map: The consensus map

Fileemd_36317_additional_1.map
AnnotationThe consensus map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

-
Sample components

+
Entire : niacin-bound HCAR2 in complex with Gi heterotrimer

EntireName: niacin-bound HCAR2 in complex with Gi heterotrimer
Components
  • Complex: niacin-bound HCAR2 in complex with Gi heterotrimer
    • Complex: Nicotinic acid receptor in complex with Gi heterotrimer
      • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
      • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
      • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
      • Protein or peptide: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
    • Complex: scFv16
      • Protein or peptide: scFv16
  • Ligand: NICOTINIC ACID
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL
  • Ligand: water

+
Supramolecule #1: niacin-bound HCAR2 in complex with Gi heterotrimer

SupramoleculeName: niacin-bound HCAR2 in complex with Gi heterotrimer / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#5

+
Supramolecule #2: Nicotinic acid receptor in complex with Gi heterotrimer

SupramoleculeName: Nicotinic acid receptor in complex with Gi heterotrimer
type: complex / ID: 2 / Parent: 1 / Macromolecule list: #1-#3, #5
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

+
Supramolecule #3: scFv16

SupramoleculeName: scFv16 / type: complex / ID: 3 / Parent: 1 / Macromolecule list: #4
Source (natural)Organism: Mus musculus (house mouse)

+
Macromolecule #1: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 39.141793 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MHHHHLEVLF QGPGSSGSEL DQLRQEAEQL KNQIRDARKA CADATLSQIT NNIDPVGRIQ MRTRRTLRGH LAKIYAMHWG TDSRLLVSA SQDGKLIIWD SYTTNKVHAI PLRSSWVMTC AYAPSGNYVA CGGLDNICSI YNLKTREGNV RVSRELAGHT G YLSCCRFL ...String:
MHHHHLEVLF QGPGSSGSEL DQLRQEAEQL KNQIRDARKA CADATLSQIT NNIDPVGRIQ MRTRRTLRGH LAKIYAMHWG TDSRLLVSA SQDGKLIIWD SYTTNKVHAI PLRSSWVMTC AYAPSGNYVA CGGLDNICSI YNLKTREGNV RVSRELAGHT G YLSCCRFL DDNQIVTSSG DTTCALWDIE TGQQTTTFTG HTGDVMSLSL APDTRLFVSG ACDASAKLWD VREGMCRQTF TG HESDINA ICFFPNGNAF ATGSDDATCR LFDLRADQEL MTYSHDNIIC GITSVSFSKS GRLLLAGYDD FNCNVWDALK ADR AGVLAG HDNRVSCLGV TDDGMAVATG SWDSFLKIWN

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

+
Macromolecule #2: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 7.861143 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString:
MASNNTASIA QARKLVEQLK MEANIDRIKV SKAAADLMAY CEAHAKEDPL LTPVPASENP FREKKFFCAI L

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

+
Macromolecule #3: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 40.414047 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKNTIV KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI ...String:
MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKNTIV KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI PTQQDVLRTR VKTTGIVETH FTFKDLHFKM FDVGAQRSER KKWIHCFEGV TAIIFCVALS DYDLVLAEDE EM NRMHASM KLFDSICNNK WFTDTSIILF LNKKDLFEEK IKKSPLTICY PEYAGSNTYE EAAAYIQCQF EDLNKRKDTK EIY THFTCS TDTKNVQFVF DAVTDVIIKN NLKDCGLF

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

+
Macromolecule #4: scFv16

MacromoleculeName: scFv16 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Mus musculus (house mouse)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 28.636793 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS ...String:
DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS NGNTYLYWFL QRPGQSPQLL IYRMSNLASG VPDRFSGSGS GTAFTLTISR LEAEDVGVYY CMQHLEYPLT FG AGTKLEL KAAAENLYFQ GHHHHHHHH

+
Macromolecule #5: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2

MacromoleculeName: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 46.034066 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MKTIIALSYI FCLVFADYKD DDDAHHHHHH HHHHMNRHHL QDHFLEIDKK NCCVFRDDFI VKVLPPVLGL EFIFGLLGNG LALWIFCFH LKSWKSSRIF LFNLAVADFL LIICLPFLMD NYVRRWDWKF GDIPCRLMLF MLAMNRQGSI IFLTVVAVDR Y FRVVHPHH ...String:
MKTIIALSYI FCLVFADYKD DDDAHHHHHH HHHHMNRHHL QDHFLEIDKK NCCVFRDDFI VKVLPPVLGL EFIFGLLGNG LALWIFCFH LKSWKSSRIF LFNLAVADFL LIICLPFLMD NYVRRWDWKF GDIPCRLMLF MLAMNRQGSI IFLTVVAVDR Y FRVVHPHH ALNKISNRTA AIISCLLWGI TIGLTVHLLK KKMPIQNGGA NLCSSFSICH TFQWHEAMFL LEFFLPLGII LF CSARIIW SLRQRQMDRH AKIKRAITFI MVVAIVFVIC FLPSVVVRIR IFWLLHTSGT QNCEVYRSVD LAFFITLSFT YMN SMLDPV VYYFSSPSFP NFFSTLINRC LQRKMTGEPD NNRSTSVELT GDPNKTRGAP EALMANSGEP WSPSYLGPTS P

UniProtKB: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2

+
Macromolecule #6: NICOTINIC ACID

MacromoleculeName: NICOTINIC ACID / type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: NIO
Molecular weightTheoretical: 123.109 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NIO:
NICOTINIC ACID

+
Macromolecule #7: CHOLESTEROL

MacromoleculeName: CHOLESTEROL / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: CLR
Molecular weightTheoretical: 386.654 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-CLR:
CHOLESTEROL

+
Macromolecule #8: water

MacromoleculeName: water / type: ligand / ID: 8 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: HOH
Molecular weightTheoretical: 18.015 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

-
Experimental details

-
Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

-
Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

-
Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 65.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1.8 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

-
Image processing

Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 519609
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

+
About Yorodumi

-
News

-
Feb 9, 2022. New format data for meta-information of EMDB entries

New format data for meta-information of EMDB entries

  • Version 3 of the EMDB header file is now the official format.
  • The previous official version 1.9 will be removed from the archive.

Related info.:EMDB header

External links:wwPDB to switch to version 3 of the EMDB data model

-
Aug 12, 2020. Covid-19 info

Covid-19 info

URL: https://pdbj.org/emnavi/covid19.php

New page: Covid-19 featured information page in EM Navigator.

Related info.:Covid-19 info / Mar 5, 2020. Novel coronavirus structure data

+
Mar 5, 2020. Novel coronavirus structure data

Novel coronavirus structure data

Related info.:Yorodumi Speices / Aug 12, 2020. Covid-19 info

External links:COVID-19 featured content - PDBj / Molecule of the Month (242):Coronavirus Proteases

+
Jan 31, 2019. EMDB accession codes are about to change! (news from PDBe EMDB page)

EMDB accession codes are about to change! (news from PDBe EMDB page)

  • The allocation of 4 digits for EMDB accession codes will soon come to an end. Whilst these codes will remain in use, new EMDB accession codes will include an additional digit and will expand incrementally as the available range of codes is exhausted. The current 4-digit format prefixed with “EMD-” (i.e. EMD-XXXX) will advance to a 5-digit format (i.e. EMD-XXXXX), and so on. It is currently estimated that the 4-digit codes will be depleted around Spring 2019, at which point the 5-digit format will come into force.
  • The EM Navigator/Yorodumi systems omit the EMD- prefix.

Related info.:Q: What is EMD? / ID/Accession-code notation in Yorodumi/EM Navigator

External links:EMDB Accession Codes are Changing Soon! / Contact to PDBj

+
Jul 12, 2017. Major update of PDB

Major update of PDB

  • wwPDB released updated PDB data conforming to the new PDBx/mmCIF dictionary.
  • This is a major update changing the version number from 4 to 5, and with Remediation, in which all the entries are updated.
  • In this update, many items about electron microscopy experimental information are reorganized (e.g. em_software).
  • Now, EM Navigator and Yorodumi are based on the updated data.

External links:wwPDB Remediation / Enriched Model Files Conforming to OneDep Data Standards Now Available in the PDB FTP Archive

-
Yorodumi

Thousand views of thousand structures

  • Yorodumi is a browser for structure data from EMDB, PDB, SASBDB, etc.
  • This page is also the successor to EM Navigator detail page, and also detail information page/front-end page for Omokage search.
  • The word "yorodu" (or yorozu) is an old Japanese word meaning "ten thousand". "mi" (miru) is to see.

Related info.:EMDB / PDB / SASBDB / Comparison of 3 databanks / Yorodumi Search / Aug 31, 2016. New EM Navigator & Yorodumi / Yorodumi Papers / Jmol/JSmol / Function and homology information / Changes in new EM Navigator and Yorodumi

Read more