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Title | Cryo-EM structure of the MK-6892-bound human HCAR2-Gi1 complex | |||||||||
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![]() | hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor / MK-6892 / Class A GPCR / MEMBRANE PROTEIN | |||||||||
Function / homology | ![]() nicotinic acid receptor activity / Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors / neutrophil apoptotic process / positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / positive regulation of adiponectin secretion / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / T cell migration ...nicotinic acid receptor activity / Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors / neutrophil apoptotic process / positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / positive regulation of adiponectin secretion / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / T cell migration / D2 dopamine receptor binding / response to prostaglandin E / G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway / adenylate cyclase regulator activity / regulation of mitotic spindle organization / cellular response to forskolin / Regulation of insulin secretion / G protein-coupled receptor binding / positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / response to peptide hormone / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G-protein activation / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / photoreceptor disc membrane / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / G alpha (z) signalling events / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / GDP binding / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / cell junction / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / sensory perception of taste / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / G protein activity / GTPase binding / Ca2+ pathway / retina development in camera-type eye / cell cortex / midbody / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / fibroblast proliferation / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (i) signalling events / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / G alpha (s) signalling events / G alpha (q) signalling events / Ras protein signal transduction / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell population proliferation / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / lysosomal membrane / cell division / GTPase activity / centrosome / synapse / protein-containing complex binding / nucleolus / GTP binding / magnesium ion binding / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / nucleoplasm / membrane / plasma membrane / cytosol / cytoplasm Similarity search - Function | |||||||||
Biological species | ![]() | |||||||||
Method | single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.76 Å | |||||||||
![]() | Mao C / Gao M / Zang S / Zhu Y / Ma X / Zhang Y | |||||||||
Funding support | 1 items
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![]() | ![]() Title: Orthosteric and allosteric modulation of human HCAR2 signaling complex. Authors: Chunyou Mao / Mengru Gao / Shao-Kun Zang / Yanqing Zhu / Dan-Dan Shen / Li-Nan Chen / Liu Yang / Zhiwei Wang / Huibing Zhang / Wei-Wei Wang / Qingya Shen / Yanhui Lu / Xin Ma / Yan Zhang / ![]() Abstract: Hydroxycarboxylic acids are crucial metabolic intermediates involved in various physiological and pathological processes, some of which are recognized by specific hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors ...Hydroxycarboxylic acids are crucial metabolic intermediates involved in various physiological and pathological processes, some of which are recognized by specific hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors (HCARs). HCAR2 is one such receptor, activated by endogenous β-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) and butyrate, and is the target for Niacin. Interest in HCAR2 has been driven by its potential as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular and neuroinflammatory diseases. However, the limited understanding of how ligands bind to this receptor has hindered the development of alternative drugs able to avoid the common flushing side-effects associated with Niacin therapy. Here, we present three high-resolution structures of HCAR2-Gi1 complexes bound to four different ligands, one potent synthetic agonist (MK-6892) bound alone, and the two structures bound to the allosteric agonist compound 9n in conjunction with either the endogenous ligand 3-HB or niacin. These structures coupled with our functional and computational analyses further our understanding of ligand recognition, allosteric modulation, and activation of HCAR2 and pave the way for the development of high-efficiency drugs with reduced side-effects. | |||||||||
History |
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Structure visualization
Supplemental images |
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Downloads & links
-EMDB archive
Map data | ![]() | 23.2 MB | ![]() | |
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Header (meta data) | ![]() ![]() | 20.1 KB 20.1 KB | Display Display | ![]() |
Images | ![]() | 71.9 KB | ||
Filedesc metadata | ![]() | 6.6 KB | ||
Others | ![]() ![]() | 20.7 MB 20.7 MB | ||
Archive directory | ![]() ![]() | HTTPS FTP |
-Validation report
Summary document | ![]() | 708.3 KB | Display | ![]() |
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Full document | ![]() | 707.9 KB | Display | |
Data in XML | ![]() | 10.4 KB | Display | |
Data in CIF | ![]() | 12.2 KB | Display | |
Arichive directory | ![]() ![]() | HTTPS FTP |
-Related structure data
Related structure data | ![]() 8j6rMC ![]() 8j6pC ![]() 8j6qC M: atomic model generated by this map C: citing same article ( |
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Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology ![]() |
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Links
EMDB pages | ![]() ![]() |
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Related items in Molecule of the Month |
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Map
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Projections & slices | Image control
Images are generated by Spider. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Voxel size | X=Y=Z: 1.014 Å | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Density |
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Symmetry | Space group: 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Details | EMDB XML:
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-Supplemental data
-Half map: #1
File | emd_36012_half_map_1.map | ||||||||||||
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Projections & Slices |
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Density Histograms |
-Half map: #2
File | emd_36012_half_map_2.map | ||||||||||||
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Projections & Slices |
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Density Histograms |
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Sample components
-Entire : Cryo-EM structure of the MK-6892-bound human HCAR2-Gi1 complex
Entire | Name: Cryo-EM structure of the MK-6892-bound human HCAR2-Gi1 complex |
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Components |
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-Supramolecule #1: Cryo-EM structure of the MK-6892-bound human HCAR2-Gi1 complex
Supramolecule | Name: Cryo-EM structure of the MK-6892-bound human HCAR2-Gi1 complex type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#5 |
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Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() |
-Macromolecule #1: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
Macromolecule | Name: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 40.225801 KDa |
Recombinant expression | Organism: ![]() ![]() |
Sequence | String: CTLSAEDKAA VERSKMIDRN LREDGEKAAR EVKLLLLGAG ESGKNTIVKQ MKIIHEAGYS EEECKQYKAV VYSNTIQSII AIIRAMGRL KIDFGDSARA DDARQLFVLA GAAEEGFMTA ELAGVIKRLW KDSGVQACFN RSREYQLNDS AAYYLNDLDR I AQPNYIPT ...String: CTLSAEDKAA VERSKMIDRN LREDGEKAAR EVKLLLLGAG ESGKNTIVKQ MKIIHEAGYS EEECKQYKAV VYSNTIQSII AIIRAMGRL KIDFGDSARA DDARQLFVLA GAAEEGFMTA ELAGVIKRLW KDSGVQACFN RSREYQLNDS AAYYLNDLDR I AQPNYIPT QQDVLRTRVK TTGIVETHFT FKDLHFKMFD VGAQRSERKK WIHCFEGVTA IIFCVALSDY DLVLAEDEEM NR MHASMKL FDSICNNKWF TDTSIILFLN KKDLFEEKIK KSPLTICYPE YAGSNTYEEA AAYIQCQFED LNKRKDTKEI YTH FTCSTD TKNVQFVFDA VTDVIIKNNL KDCGLF UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 |
-Macromolecule #2: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
Macromolecule | Name: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 37.285734 KDa |
Recombinant expression | Organism: ![]() ![]() |
Sequence | String: SELDQLRQEA EQLKNQIRDA RKACADATLS QITNNIDPVG RIQMRTRRTL RGHLAKIYAM HWGTDSRLLV SASQDGKLII WDSYTTNKV HAIPLRSSWV MTCAYAPSGN YVACGGLDNI CSIYNLKTRE GNVRVSRELA GHTGYLSCCR FLDDNQIVTS S GDTTCALW ...String: SELDQLRQEA EQLKNQIRDA RKACADATLS QITNNIDPVG RIQMRTRRTL RGHLAKIYAM HWGTDSRLLV SASQDGKLII WDSYTTNKV HAIPLRSSWV MTCAYAPSGN YVACGGLDNI CSIYNLKTRE GNVRVSRELA GHTGYLSCCR FLDDNQIVTS S GDTTCALW DIETGQQTTT FTGHTGDVMS LSLAPDTRLF VSGACDASAK LWDVREGMCR QTFTGHESDI NAICFFPNGN AF ATGSDDA TCRLFDLRAD QELMTYSHDN IICGITSVSF SKSGRLLLAG YDDFNCNVWD ALKADRAGVL AGHDNRVSCL GVT DDGMAV ATGSWDSFLK IWN UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 |
-Macromolecule #3: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
Macromolecule | Name: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 6.375332 KDa |
Recombinant expression | Organism: ![]() ![]() |
Sequence | String: NTASIAQARK LVEQLKMEAN IDRIKVSKAA ADLMAYCEAH AKEDPLLTPV PASENPFR UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 |
-Macromolecule #4: single Fab chain (scFv16)
Macromolecule | Name: single Fab chain (scFv16) / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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Source (natural) | Organism: synthetic construct (others) |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 26.610615 KDa |
Recombinant expression | Organism: ![]() |
Sequence | String: DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS ...String: DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS NGNTYLYWFL QRPGQSPQLL IYRMSNLASG VPDRFSGSGS GTAFTLTISR LEAEDVGVYY CMQHLEYPLT FG AGTKLEL KGS |
-Macromolecule #5: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
Macromolecule | Name: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() |
Molecular weight | Theoretical: 34.366074 KDa |
Recombinant expression | Organism: ![]() ![]() |
Sequence | String: DHFLEIDKKN CCVFRDDFIV KVLPPVLGLE FIFGLLGNGL ALWIFCFHLK SWKSSRIFLF NLAVADFLLI ICLPFLMDNY VRRWDWKFG DIPCRLMLFM LAMNRQGSII FLTVVAVDRY FRVVHPHHAL NKISNRTAAI ISCLLWGITI GLTVHLLKKK M PIQNGGAN ...String: DHFLEIDKKN CCVFRDDFIV KVLPPVLGLE FIFGLLGNGL ALWIFCFHLK SWKSSRIFLF NLAVADFLLI ICLPFLMDNY VRRWDWKFG DIPCRLMLFM LAMNRQGSII FLTVVAVDRY FRVVHPHHAL NKISNRTAAI ISCLLWGITI GLTVHLLKKK M PIQNGGAN LCSSFSICHT FQWHEAMFLL EFFLPLGIIL FCSARIIWSL RQRQMDRHAK IKRAITFIMV VAIVFVICFL PS VVVRIRI FWLLHTSGTQ NCEVYRSVDL AFFITLSFTY MNSMLDPVVY YFSSPSFN UniProtKB: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 |
-Macromolecule #6: 2-[[2,2-dimethyl-3-[3-(5-oxidanylpyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-...
Macromolecule | Name: 2-[[2,2-dimethyl-3-[3-(5-oxidanylpyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]propanoyl]amino]cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: FI7 |
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Molecular weight | Theoretical: 386.402 Da |
Chemical component information | ![]() ChemComp-FI7: |
-Macromolecule #7: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
Macromolecule | Name: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: NAG |
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Molecular weight | Theoretical: 221.208 Da |
Chemical component information | ![]() ChemComp-NAG: |
-Macromolecule #8: water
Macromolecule | Name: water / type: ligand / ID: 8 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: HOH |
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Molecular weight | Theoretical: 18.015 Da |
Chemical component information | ![]() ChemComp-HOH: |
-Experimental details
-Structure determination
Method | cryo EM |
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![]() | single particle reconstruction |
Aggregation state | particle |
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Sample preparation
Concentration | 15 mg/mL |
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Buffer | pH: 7.5 |
Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy
Microscope | FEI TITAN KRIOS |
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Image recording | Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 40.0 e/Å2 |
Electron beam | Acceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: ![]() |
Electron optics | Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 2.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm |
Sample stage | Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER / Cooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN |
Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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Image processing
Startup model | Type of model: NONE |
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Final reconstruction | Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.76 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 413723 |
Initial angle assignment | Type: RANDOM ASSIGNMENT |
Final angle assignment | Type: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD |