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- EMDB-33600: Cryo-EM structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in complex... -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-33600
TitleCryo-EM structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in complex with all-trans retinoic acid
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in complex with ATRA
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: RETINOIC ACID
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN-INHIBITOR COMPLEX
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell ...Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / receptor ligand activity / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.45 Å
AuthorsYe X / Lin W
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Other private2020Z99CFG017, 20201080514 China
CitationJournal: mBio / Year: 2022
Title: A Retinol Derivative Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Interrupting Spike-Mediated Cellular Entry.
Authors: Liangqin Tong / Lin Wang / Shumin Liao / Xiaoping Xiao / Jing Qu / Chunli Wu / Yibin Zhu / Wanbo Tai / Yanhong Huang / Penghua Wang / Liang Li / Renli Zhang / Ye Xiang / Gong Cheng /
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of the global pandemic and life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although vaccines and ...Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of the global pandemic and life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although vaccines and therapeutic antibodies are available, their efficacy is continuously undermined by rapidly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we found that all- retinoic acid (ATRA), a vitamin A (retinol) derivative, showed potent antiviral activity against all SARS-CoV-2 variants in both human cell lines and human organoids of the lower respiratory tract. Mechanistically, ATRA directly binds in a deep hydrophobic pocket of the receptor binding domain (RBD) located on the top of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) trimer. The bound ATRA mediates strong interactions between the "down" RBDs and locks most of the S trimers in an RBD "all-down" and ACE2-inaccessible inhibitory conformation. In summary, our results reveal the pharmacological biotargets and structural mechanism of ATRA and other retinoids in SARS-CoV-2 infection and suggest that ATRA and its derivatives could be potential hit compounds against a broad spectrum of coronaviruses. Retinoids, a group of compounds including vitamin A and its active metabolite all- retinoic acid (ATRA), regulate serial physiological activity in multiple organ systems, such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. The ATRA analogues reported to date include more than 4,000 natural and synthetic molecules that are structurally and/or functionally related to ATRA. Here, we found that ATRA showed potent antiviral activity against all SARS-CoV-2 variants by directly binding in a deep hydrophobic pocket of the receptor binding domain (RBD) located on top of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) trimer. The bound ATRA mediates strong interactions between the "down" RBDs and locks most of the S trimers in an RBD "all-down" and ACE2-inaccessible inhibitory conformation, suggesting the pharmacological feasibility of using ATRA or its derivatives as a remedy for and prevention of COVID-19 disease.
History
DepositionJun 13, 2022-
Header (metadata) releaseJul 6, 2022-
Map releaseJul 6, 2022-
UpdateNov 20, 2024-
Current statusNov 20, 2024Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_33600.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_33600.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 125 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.97 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 310.4 Å		0.97 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 310.4 Å		0.97 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 310.4 Å

Surface

Projections

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.97 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.175
Minimum - Maximum-0.954213 - 1.7225103
Average (Standard dev.)0.0026619434 (±0.048239697)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions320320320
Spacing320320320
CellA=B=C: 310.40002 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_33600_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
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Slices (1/2)
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_33600_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Sample components

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Entire : SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in complex with ATRA

EntireName: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in complex with ATRA
Components
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in complex with ATRA
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: RETINOIC ACID

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Supramolecule #1: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in complex with ATRA

SupramoleculeName: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in complex with ATRA / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Macromolecule #1: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1
Details: "GSAS" substitution at the furin cleavage site (residues 682-685)
Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 124.168508 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: AYTNSFTRGV YYPDKVFRSS VLHSTQDLFL PFFSNVTWFH AIHVSGTNGT KRFDNPVLPF NDGVYFASTE KSNIIRGWIF GTTLDSKTQ SLLIVNNATN VVIKVCEFQF CNDPFLGVYY HKNNKSWMES EFRVYSSANN FTFEYVSQPF LMDLEGKQGN F KNLREFVF ...String:
AYTNSFTRGV YYPDKVFRSS VLHSTQDLFL PFFSNVTWFH AIHVSGTNGT KRFDNPVLPF NDGVYFASTE KSNIIRGWIF GTTLDSKTQ SLLIVNNATN VVIKVCEFQF CNDPFLGVYY HKNNKSWMES EFRVYSSANN FTFEYVSQPF LMDLEGKQGN F KNLREFVF KNIDGYFKIY SKHTPINLVR DLPQGFSALE PLVDLPIGIN ITRFQTLLAL HRSYLTPGDS SSGWTAGAAA YY VGYLQPR TFLLKYNENG TITDAVDCAL DPLSETKCTL KSFTVEKGIY QTSNFRVQPT ESIVRFPNIT NLCPFGEVFN ATR FASVYA WNRKRISNCV ADYSVLYNSA SFSTFKCYGV SPTKLNDLCF TNVYADSFVI RGDEVRQIAP GQTGKIADYN YKLP DDFTG CVIAWNSNNL DSKVGGNYNY LYRLFRKSNL KPFERDISTE IYQAGSTPCN GVEGFNCYFP LQSYGFQPTN GVGYQ PYRV VVLSFELLHA PATVCGPKKS TNLVKNKCVN FNFNGLTGTG VLTESNKKFL PFQQFGRDIA DTTDAVRDPQ TLEILD ITP CSFGGVSVIT PGTNTSNQVA VLYQDVNCTE VPVAIHADQL TPTWRVYSTG SNVFQTRAGC LIGAEHVNNS YECDIPI GA GICASYQTQT NSPRRARSVA SQSIIAYTMS LGAENSVAYS NNSIAIPTNF TISVTTEILP VSMTKTSVDC TMYICGDS T ECSNLLLQYG SFCTQLNRAL TGIAVEQDKN TQEVFAQVKQ IYKTPPIKDF GGFNFSQILP DPSKPSKRSF IEDLLFNKV TLADAGFIKQ YGDCLGDIAA RDLICAQKFN GLTVLPPLLT DEMIAQYTSA LLAGTITSGW TFGAGAALQI PFAMQMAYRF NGIGVTQNV LYENQKLIAN QFNSAIGKIQ DSLSSTASAL GKLQDVVNQN AQALNTLVKQ LSSNFGAISS VLNDILSRLD P PEAEVQID RLITGRLQSL QTYVTQQLIR AAEIRASANL AATKMSECVL GQSKRVDFCG KGYHLMSFPQ SAPHGVVFLH VT YVPAQEK NFTTAPAICH DGKAHFPREG VFVSNGTHWF VTQRNFYEPQ IITTDNTFVS GNCDVVIGIV NNTVYDPLQP ELD S

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #2: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 27 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #3: RETINOIC ACID

MacromoleculeName: RETINOIC ACID / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 3 / Formula: REA
Molecular weightTheoretical: 300.435 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-3KV:
retinoic acid / medication*YM

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5
Sugar embeddingMaterial: vitrified ice
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: OTHER / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.5 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Startup modelType of model: EMDB MAP
EMDB ID:

11206

Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.45 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 66436
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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