Journal: Cell Rep / Year: 2022 Title: Cryo-EM structure of the entire FtsH-HflKC AAA protease complex. Authors: Zhu Qiao / Tatsuhiko Yokoyama / Xin-Fu Yan / Ing Tsyr Beh / Jian Shi / Sandip Basak / Yoshinori Akiyama / Yong-Gui Gao / Abstract: The membrane-bound AAA protease FtsH is the key player controlling protein quality in bacteria. Two single-pass membrane proteins, HflK and HflC, interact with FtsH to modulate its proteolytic ...The membrane-bound AAA protease FtsH is the key player controlling protein quality in bacteria. Two single-pass membrane proteins, HflK and HflC, interact with FtsH to modulate its proteolytic activity. Here, we present structure of the entire FtsH-HflKC complex, comprising 12 copies of both HflK and HflC, all of which interact reciprocally to form a cage, as well as four FtsH hexamers with periplasmic domains and transmembrane helices enclosed inside the cage and cytoplasmic domains situated at the base of the cage. FtsH K61/D62/S63 in the β2-β3 loop in the periplasmic domain directly interact with HflK, contributing to complex formation. Pull-down and in vivo enzymatic activity assays validate the importance of the interacting interface for FtsH-HflKC complex formation. Structural comparison with the substrate-bound human m-AAA protease AFG3L2 offers implications for the HflKC cage in modulating substrate access to FtsH. Together, our findings provide a better understanding of FtsH-type AAA protease holoenzyme assembly and regulation.
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