Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
JP21wm0525018
Japan
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
21H05142
Japan
Japan Science and Technology
JPMJPR1782
Japan
Japan Science and Technology
JPMJFR204S
Japan
Japan Science and Technology
JPMJCR21P3
Japan
Other private
Japan
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Mental Health (NIH/NIMH)
R01MH075957
Japan
Other private
Japan
Citation
Journal: Cell / Year: 2022 Title: Structural basis for channel conduction in the pump-like channelrhodopsin ChRmine. Authors: Koichiro E Kishi / Yoon Seok Kim / Masahiro Fukuda / Masatoshi Inoue / Tsukasa Kusakizako / Peter Y Wang / Charu Ramakrishnan / Eamon F X Byrne / Elina Thadhani / Joseph M Paggi / Toshiki E ...Authors: Koichiro E Kishi / Yoon Seok Kim / Masahiro Fukuda / Masatoshi Inoue / Tsukasa Kusakizako / Peter Y Wang / Charu Ramakrishnan / Eamon F X Byrne / Elina Thadhani / Joseph M Paggi / Toshiki E Matsui / Keitaro Yamashita / Takashi Nagata / Masae Konno / Sean Quirin / Maisie Lo / Tyler Benster / Tomoko Uemura / Kehong Liu / Mikihiro Shibata / Norimichi Nomura / So Iwata / Osamu Nureki / Ron O Dror / Keiichi Inoue / Karl Deisseroth / Hideaki E Kato / Abstract: ChRmine, a recently discovered pump-like cation-conducting channelrhodopsin, exhibits puzzling properties (large photocurrents, red-shifted spectrum, and extreme light sensitivity) that have created ...ChRmine, a recently discovered pump-like cation-conducting channelrhodopsin, exhibits puzzling properties (large photocurrents, red-shifted spectrum, and extreme light sensitivity) that have created new opportunities in optogenetics. ChRmine and its homologs function as ion channels but, by primary sequence, more closely resemble ion pump rhodopsins; mechanisms for passive channel conduction in this family have remained mysterious. Here, we present the 2.0 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of ChRmine, revealing architectural features atypical for channelrhodopsins: trimeric assembly, a short transmembrane-helix 3, a twisting extracellular-loop 1, large vestibules within the monomer, and an opening at the trimer interface. We applied this structure to design three proteins (rsChRmine and hsChRmine, conferring further red-shifted and high-speed properties, respectively, and frChRmine, combining faster and more red-shifted performance) suitable for fundamental neuroscience opportunities. These results illuminate the conduction and gating of pump-like channelrhodopsins and point the way toward further structure-guided creation of channelrhodopsins for applications across biology.
History
Deposition
Dec 11, 2021
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Header (metadata) release
Feb 2, 2022
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Map release
Feb 2, 2022
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Update
Dec 13, 2023
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Current status
Dec 13, 2023
Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released
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Structure visualization
Movie
Surface view with section colored by density value
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