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- EMDB-2852: Electron cryo-microscopy of mitochondrial ATP synthase dimers -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-2852
TitleElectron cryo-microscopy of mitochondrial ATP synthase dimers
Map dataReconstruction of an ATP-synthase dimer
Sample
  • Sample: Polytomella ATP-synthase
  • Protein or peptide: Mitochondrial F-type ATP-synthase
KeywordsATP-synthase / mitochondria / dimers / Polytomella
Biological speciesPolytomella (plant)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 7.0 Å
AuthorsAllegretti M / Klusch N / Mills DJ / Vonck J / Kuehlbrandt W / Davies KM
CitationJournal: Nature / Year: 2015
Title: Horizontal membrane-intrinsic α-helices in the stator a-subunit of an F-type ATP synthase.
Authors: Matteo Allegretti / Niklas Klusch / Deryck J Mills / Janet Vonck / Werner Kühlbrandt / Karen M Davies /
Abstract: ATP, the universal energy currency of cells, is produced by F-type ATP synthases, which are ancient, membrane-bound nanomachines. F-type ATP synthases use the energy of a transmembrane ...ATP, the universal energy currency of cells, is produced by F-type ATP synthases, which are ancient, membrane-bound nanomachines. F-type ATP synthases use the energy of a transmembrane electrochemical gradient to generate ATP by rotary catalysis. Protons moving across the membrane drive a rotor ring composed of 8-15 c-subunits. A central stalk transmits the rotation of the c-ring to the catalytic F1 head, where a series of conformational changes results in ATP synthesis. A key unresolved question in this fundamental process is how protons pass through the membrane to drive ATP production. Mitochondrial ATP synthases form V-shaped homodimers in cristae membranes. Here we report the structure of a native and active mitochondrial ATP synthase dimer, determined by single-particle electron cryomicroscopy at 6.2 Å resolution. Our structure shows four long, horizontal membrane-intrinsic α-helices in the a-subunit, arranged in two hairpins at an angle of approximately 70° relative to the c-ring helices. It has been proposed that a strictly conserved membrane-embedded arginine in the a-subunit couples proton translocation to c-ring rotation. A fit of the conserved carboxy-terminal a-subunit sequence places the conserved arginine next to a proton-binding c-subunit glutamate. The map shows a slanting solvent-accessible channel that extends from the mitochondrial matrix to the conserved arginine. Another hydrophilic cavity on the lumenal membrane surface defines a direct route for the protons to an essential histidine-glutamate pair. Our results provide unique new insights into the structure and function of rotary ATP synthases and explain how ATP production is coupled to proton translocation.
History
DepositionJan 19, 2015-
Header (metadata) releaseFeb 11, 2015-
Map releaseMar 4, 2015-
UpdateMay 13, 2015-
Current statusMay 13, 2015Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.07
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
  • Download
  • Surface view colored by radius
  • Surface level: 0.07
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by radius
  • Surface level: 0.086
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

500_500_EMD-...

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_2852.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 62.5 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationReconstruction of an ATP-synthase dimer
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.77 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 453.12 Å		1.77 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 453.12 Å		1.77 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 453.12 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.77 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.07 / Movie #1: 0.07
Minimum - Maximum-0.03314428 - 0.19327824
Average (Standard dev.)0.00235808 (±0.01422703)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 453.12 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.771.771.77
M x/y/z256256256
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z453.120453.120453.120
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS256256256
D min/max/mean-0.0330.1930.002

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Supplemental data

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Sample components

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Entire : Polytomella ATP-synthase

EntireName: Polytomella ATP-synthase
Components
  • Sample: Polytomella ATP-synthase
  • Protein or peptide: Mitochondrial F-type ATP-synthase

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Supramolecule #1000: Polytomella ATP-synthase

SupramoleculeName: Polytomella ATP-synthase / type: sample / ID: 1000 / Oligomeric state: dimer / Number unique components: 1
Molecular weightTheoretical: 1.6 MDa

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Macromolecule #1: Mitochondrial F-type ATP-synthase

MacromoleculeName: Mitochondrial F-type ATP-synthase / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Oligomeric state: Dimer / Recombinant expression: No
Source (natural)Organism: Polytomella (plant) / Organelle: Mitochondrion / Location in cell: Cristae membrane
Molecular weightTheoretical: 1.6 MDa

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration0.5 mg/mL
BufferpH: 8
Details: 50nM TRIS/HCl pH 8.0, 1mM MgCl2, 20mM NaCl, DDM 0.05%
GridDetails: Quantifoil gold grid with thin carbon support, glow discharged for 2 minutes
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 75 % / Chamber temperature: 113 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK I / Method: Blot for 8-10 seconds before plunging

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI POLARA 300
TemperatureAverage: 78 K
Alignment procedureLegacy - Astigmatism: Objective lens astigmatism was corrected at 155,000 magnification
DateJan 30, 2014
Image recordingCategory: CCD / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON II (4k x 4k) / Number real images: 2829 / Average electron dose: 80 e/Å2
Details: Every image is a stack aligned by the motion correction software (Li et al., 2013)
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsCalibrated magnification: 104430 / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.2 mm / Nominal defocus max: 5.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.5 µm / Nominal magnification: 59000
Sample stageSpecimen holder: Nitrogen cooled / Specimen holder model: OTHER
Experimental equipment
Model: Tecnai Polara / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

DetailsThe particles were selected manually using EMAN boxer
CTF correctionDetails: CTFFIND3
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C2 (2 fold cyclic) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 7.0 Å / Resolution method: OTHER / Software - Name: EMAN, RELION, IMOD, IMAGIC / Number images used: 49600
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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