blastocyst growth / inner cell mass cell differentiation / Ski complex / positive regulation of mRNA 3'-end processing / mRNA decay by 3' to 5' exoribonuclease / RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphoserine binding / negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation / Cdc73/Paf1 complex / nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, 3'-5' exonucleolytic nonsense-mediated decay / endodermal cell fate commitment ...blastocyst growth / inner cell mass cell differentiation / Ski complex / positive regulation of mRNA 3'-end processing / mRNA decay by 3' to 5' exoribonuclease / RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphoserine binding / negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation / Cdc73/Paf1 complex / nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, 3'-5' exonucleolytic nonsense-mediated decay / endodermal cell fate commitment / negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiation / blastocyst hatching / DSIF complex / positive regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition / trophectodermal cell differentiation / regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II / mRNA 3'-end processing / Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex / Formation of the Early Elongation Complex / Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs / RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events / TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes / FGFR2 alternative splicing / RNA polymerase II transcribes snRNA genes / mRNA Capping / mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway / mRNA Splicing - Minor Pathway / Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA / RNA Polymerase II Promoter Escape / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Pre-Initiation And Promoter Opening / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation And Promoter Clearance / RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE / Estrogen-dependent gene expression / Formation of TC-NER Pre-Incision Complex / Dual incision in TC-NER / Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER / positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation / Abortive elongation of HIV-1 transcript in the absence of Tat / transcription elongation-coupled chromatin remodeling / negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle / negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic / stem cell population maintenance / RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE during HIV infection / RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE / interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway / Formation of the Early Elongation Complex / Formation of the HIV-1 Early Elongation Complex / mRNA Capping / : / : / RNA polymerase II complex binding / maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II / RNA polymerase III activity / organelle membrane / Pausing and recovery of Tat-mediated HIV elongation / Tat-mediated HIV elongation arrest and recovery / cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT / positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening / HIV elongation arrest and recovery / Pausing and recovery of HIV elongation / positive regulation of macroautophagy / RNA polymerase II transcribes snRNA genes / protein localization to nucleus / positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway / transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I / RNA polymerase II activity / Tat-mediated elongation of the HIV-1 transcript / positive regulation of translational initiation / Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex containing HIV-1 Tat / RNA polymerase I complex / RNA polymerase III complex / Formation of HIV elongation complex in the absence of HIV Tat / transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair / tRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III / RNA polymerase II, core complex / RNA polymerase I activity / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation / Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex / negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation / translation initiation factor binding / RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events / rescue of stalled ribosome / SH2 domain binding / transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II / regulation of cell growth / transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter / TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes / positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II / Hedgehog 'on' state / Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex / P-body / protein destabilization / euchromatin / ribonucleoside binding / Wnt signaling pathway / fibrillar center / DNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity / DNA-directed RNA polymerase Similarity search - Function
RNA polymerase II subunit D / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit / RNA polymerase II subunit K / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2 / Histone H2B / DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB11-a / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB3 ...RNA polymerase II subunit D / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit / RNA polymerase II subunit K / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2 / Histone H2B / DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB11-a / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB3 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta / DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit E / Transcription elongation factor SPT5 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB9 / Histone H4 / Histone H3.2 / Transcription elongation factor SPT4 / Histone H2A / Parafibromin / RNA polymerase-associated protein CTR9 homolog / RNA polymerase II-associated factor 1 homolog / RNA polymerase-associated protein LEO1 / RNA polymerase-associated protein RTF1 homolog / Superkiller complex protein 8 Similarity search - Component
Biological species
Sus scrofa (pig) / Homo sapiens (human) / Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) / synthetic construct (others)
Method
single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.3 Å
Journal: Mol Cell / Year: 2022 Title: Structure of a backtracked hexasomal intermediate of nucleosome transcription. Authors: Lucas Farnung / Moritz Ochmann / Gaurika Garg / Seychelle M Vos / Patrick Cramer / Abstract: During gene transcription, RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) passes nucleosomes with the help of various elongation factors. Here, we show that RNA Pol II achieves efficient nucleosome passage when the ...During gene transcription, RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) passes nucleosomes with the help of various elongation factors. Here, we show that RNA Pol II achieves efficient nucleosome passage when the human elongation factors DSIF, PAF1 complex (PAF), RTF1, SPT6, and TFIIS are present. The cryo-EM structure of an intermediate of the nucleosome passage shows a partially unraveled hexasome that lacks the proximal H2A-H2B dimer and interacts with the RNA Pol II jaw, DSIF, and the CTR9trestle helix. RNA Pol II adopts a backtracked state with the RNA 3' end dislodged from the active site and bound in the RNA Pol II pore. Additional structures and biochemical data show that human TFIIS enters the RNA Pol II pore and stimulates the cleavage of the backtracked RNA and nucleosome passage.
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