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- PDB-9ynp: Cryo-EM structure of Escherichia coli transcription initiation co... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9ynp
TitleCryo-EM structure of Escherichia coli transcription initiation complex with GpA and pseudouridimycin (PUM)
Components
  • (DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit ...) x 4
  • DNA
  • DNA (27-MER)
  • RNA (5'-R(*GP*A)-3')
  • RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD
KeywordsTRANSCRIPTION / TRANSFERASE/DNA/RNA/INHIBITOR / Transcription initiation complex / Pseudouridimycin (PUM) / Inhibitor / Antibacterial agent / TRANSFERASE-DNA-RNA-INHIBITOR complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


sigma factor antagonist complex / RNA polymerase complex / submerged biofilm formation / cellular response to cell envelope stress / regulation of DNA-templated transcription initiation / sigma factor activity / bacterial-type flagellum assembly / bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding / cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility ...sigma factor antagonist complex / RNA polymerase complex / submerged biofilm formation / cellular response to cell envelope stress / regulation of DNA-templated transcription initiation / sigma factor activity / bacterial-type flagellum assembly / bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding / cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility / nitrate assimilation / regulation of DNA-templated transcription elongation / transcription elongation factor complex / DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / transcription antitermination / DNA-templated transcription initiation / cell motility / ribonucleoside binding / DNA-directed RNA polymerase / DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity / response to heat / protein-containing complex assembly / intracellular iron ion homeostasis / protein dimerization activity / transcription cis-regulatory region binding / response to antibiotic / negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription / regulation of DNA-templated transcription / DNA-templated transcription / magnesium ion binding / DNA binding / zinc ion binding / membrane / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
RNA polymerase sigma factor 70, non-essential domain / Sigma-70, non-essential region / RNA polymerase sigma factor 70, region 1.1 / Sigma-70 factor, region 1.1 superfamily / Sigma-70 factor, region 1.1 / Sigma-70 factors family signature 1. / RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD, C-terminal / RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD / : / RNA polymerase sigma-70 region 1.2 ...RNA polymerase sigma factor 70, non-essential domain / Sigma-70, non-essential region / RNA polymerase sigma factor 70, region 1.1 / Sigma-70 factor, region 1.1 superfamily / Sigma-70 factor, region 1.1 / Sigma-70 factors family signature 1. / RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD, C-terminal / RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD / : / RNA polymerase sigma-70 region 1.2 / Sigma-70 factor, region 1.2 / RNA polymerase sigma-70 region 3 / Sigma-70 region 3 / Sigma-70 factors family signature 2. / RNA polymerase sigma-70 / RNA polymerase sigma-70 region 4 / Sigma-70, region 4 / RNA polymerase sigma-70 region 2 / RNA polymerase sigma-70 like domain / Sigma-70 region 2 / RNA polymerase sigma factor, region 2 / RNA polymerase sigma factor, region 3/4-like / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, omega subunit / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit beta-prime, bacterial type / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, beta subunit, external 1 domain superfamily / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, beta subunit, external 1 domain / RNA polymerase beta subunit external 1 domain / RNA polymerase, alpha subunit, C-terminal / Bacterial RNA polymerase, alpha chain C terminal domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunit, bacterial-type / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, alpha subunit / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit beta-prime / RNA polymerase Rpb6 / RNA polymerase, subunit omega/Rpo6/RPB6 / RNA polymerase Rpb6 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 superfamily / RPB6/omega subunit-like superfamily / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, insert domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, RpoA/D/Rpb3-type / RNA polymerase Rpb3/RpoA insert domain / RNA polymerase Rpb3/Rpb11 dimerisation domain / RNA polymerases D / RNA polymerase Rpb1, clamp domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 / RNA polymerase, beta subunit, protrusion / RNA polymerase beta subunit / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 1 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 1 / RNA polymerase, alpha subunit / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 5 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 4 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 2 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 5 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 4 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, insert domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 / RNA polymerase, N-terminal / RNA polymerase Rpb1, funnel domain superfamily / RNA polymerase I subunit A N-terminus / RNA polymerase, RBP11-like subunit / RNA polymerase, beta subunit, conserved site / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 7 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 3 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, OB-fold / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 7 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 3 / RNA polymerases beta chain signature. / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2, hybrid-binding domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2, hybrid-binding domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 6 / Winged helix-like DNA-binding domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Chem-PUM / DNA / DNA (> 10) / RNA / RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesEscherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.06 Å
AuthorsYou, L.L. / Ebright, R.H.
Funding support United States, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS) United States
CitationJournal: ACS Med Chem Lett / Year: 2026
Title: Solid-phase synthesis and biological evaluation of des-hydroxy pseudouridimycin analogs.
Authors: Avraz F Anwar / Linlin You / David Degen / Katie J Burns / Michael J Garza / Richard H Ebright / Juan R Del Valle /
Abstract: Pseudouridimycin (PUM) is a C-nucleoside/peptide antibiotic that selectively inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) and exhibits potent activity against drug-resistant pathogens. However, PUM ...Pseudouridimycin (PUM) is a C-nucleoside/peptide antibiotic that selectively inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) and exhibits potent activity against drug-resistant pathogens. However, PUM suffers from chemical instability due to self-immolative cleavage of its central hydroxamate bond. Here, we employed cryo-electron microscopy to determine structures of PUM () and a chemically stabilized des-hydroxy analog of PUM () bound to an RNAP transcription complex. Guided by the observed bound conformation, we developed an efficient solid-phase synthesis of 50 des-hydroxy PUM analogs modified at the Gln residue and Gdn-Gly tail. Several analogs retained low-micromolar RNAP-inhibitory activity, with a -substituted phenyl amidine analog () emerging as the most potent inhibitor (IC = 0.95 μM). These results establish a versatile synthetic platform and structural framework for optimizing stabilized PUM derivatives and provide a foundation for the development of RNAP-targeted therapeutics against resistant bacterial pathogens.
History
DepositionOct 11, 2025Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: FSC / Data content type: FSC / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: Mask / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Mask / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha
B: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha
C: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta
D: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'
E: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega
F: RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD
G: DNA (27-MER)
H: DNA
I: RNA (5'-R(*GP*A)-3')
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)476,06313
Polymers475,4229
Non-polymers6424
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit ... , 4 types, 5 molecules ABCDE

#1: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha / RNAP subunit alpha / RNA polymerase subunit alpha / Transcriptase subunit alpha


Mass: 36558.680 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)
Gene: rpoA, pez, phs, sez, b3295, JW3257 / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0A7Z4, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#2: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta / RNAP subunit beta / RNA polymerase subunit beta / Transcriptase subunit beta


Mass: 150820.875 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)
Gene: rpoB, groN, nitB, rif, ron, stl, stv, tabD, b3987, JW3950
Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0A8V2, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#3: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' / RNAP subunit beta' / RNA polymerase subunit beta' / Transcriptase subunit beta'


Mass: 155366.781 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)
Gene: rpoC, tabB, b3988, JW3951 / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0A8T7, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#4: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega / RNAP omega subunit / RNA polymerase omega subunit / Transcriptase subunit omega


Mass: 10249.547 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)
Gene: rpoZ, b3649, JW3624 / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0A800, DNA-directed RNA polymerase

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DNA chain , 2 types, 2 molecules GH

#6: DNA chain DNA (27-MER)


Mass: 8421.432 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically
Source: (synth.) Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)
#7: DNA chain DNA


Mass: 6464.173 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically
Source: (synth.) Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)

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Protein / RNA chain , 2 types, 2 molecules FI

#5: Protein RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD / Sigma-70


Mass: 70352.242 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)
Gene: rpoD, alt, b3067, JW3039 / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P00579
#8: RNA chain RNA (5'-R(*GP*A)-3')


Mass: 629.454 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically
Source: (synth.) Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)

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Non-polymers , 3 types, 4 molecules

#9: Chemical ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn
#10: Chemical ChemComp-MG / MAGNESIUM ION


Mass: 24.305 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Mg
#11: Chemical ChemComp-PUM / (1S)-1,4-anhydro-5-[(N-carbamimidoylglycyl-N~2~-hydroxy-L-glutaminyl)amino]-5-deoxy-1-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)-D-ribitol / pseudouridimycin


Mass: 486.437 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C17H26N8O9 / Comment: antibiotic*YM

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Details

Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Escherichia coli transcription initiation complex with GpA and pseudouridimycin (PUM)
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#8 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.415 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (bacteria)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenConc.: 10 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 95 %

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Talos Arctica / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TALOS ARCTICA
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 200 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 130000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm
Image recordingElectron dose: 32.1 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1cryoSPARC4.5.1particle selection
4cryoSPARC4.5.1CTF correction
7UCSF Chimera1.16model fitting
9cryoSPARC4.5.1initial Euler assignment
10cryoSPARC4.5.1final Euler assignment
11cryoSPARC4.5.1classification
12cryoSPARC4.5.13D reconstruction
13PHENIX1.21.1_5286model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 209426
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.06 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 46892 / Algorithm: FOURIER SPACE / Num. of class averages: 1 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: RIGID BODY FIT
Atomic model buildingPDB-ID: 4MEY

4mey


Accession code: 4MEY / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model
RefinementCross valid method: NONE

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