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- PDB-9wq2: Structure of 3TM-SAVED dimer bound to 2'3'-cGAMP -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9wq2
TitleStructure of 3TM-SAVED dimer bound to 2'3'-cGAMP
Components2-methylthioadenine synthetase
KeywordsIMMUNE SYSTEM / SAVED
Function / homologySMODS-associated and fused to various effectors / SMODS-associated and fused to various effectors sensor domain / cGAMP / 2-methylthioadenine synthetase
Function and homology information
Biological speciesBacillus thuringiensis (bacteria)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.27 Å
AuthorsGao, Y.N.
Funding support1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
CitationJournal: Cell / Year: 2026
Title: 2'3'-cGAMP-induced membrane shearing promotes broad antiphage immunity.
Authors: Yina Gao / Zhaolong Li / Yufei Zhou / Weimin Li / Quanjin Li / Jingge Wang / Miao Shi / Feng Ye / Chunqiu Zhao / Songqing Liu / Qiuyao Jiang / Yun Zhu / Fei Sun / Ang Gao / Pu Gao /
Abstract: Cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signaling system (CBASS), a central prokaryotic antiviral strategy and evolutionary ancestor of the mammalian cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of ...Cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signaling system (CBASS), a central prokaryotic antiviral strategy and evolutionary ancestor of the mammalian cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, relies on cyclic-nucleotide-activated effectors to elicit immunity. The most prevalent effectors are transmembrane (TM) proteins, yet their mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show how a representative three transmembrane (3TM)-SMODS-associated fused to various effector domains (SAVED) effector couples ligand sensing to membrane disruption. Upon binding 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)-synthesized by bacterial cGAS/DncV-like nucleotidyltransferase (CD-NTase) with features resembling mammalian cGAS-3TM-SAVED assembles stepwise from an apo monomer through a transient dimer into extended filaments. Filament assembly employs 2'3'-cGAMP as molecular glue linking SAVED domains and reorients TM helices and amphipathic hairpins into vertically offset arrays. Both arrays bear opposing hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces, thereby driving vertical lipid shearing. This shearing generates a linear pore array that permeabilizes membranes and triggers cell death. These findings uncover the long-missing mechanism of CBASS TM effectors and establish vertical membrane shearing as an unrecognized principle of membrane disruption across domains of life.
History
DepositionSep 10, 2025Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
Revision 1.0Apr 1, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
B: 2-methylthioadenine synthetase
A: 2-methylthioadenine synthetase
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)85,3114
Polymers83,9622
Non-polymers1,3492
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein 2-methylthioadenine synthetase / TM-SAVED protein


Mass: 41981.160 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Bacillus thuringiensis (bacteria) / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: A0A9X6VCG9
#2: Chemical ChemComp-1SY / cGAMP / 2',3' cGAMP / c-GMP-AMP / c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p]


Mass: 674.411 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C20H24N10O13P2 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: 3TM-SAVED Dimer / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Bacillus thuringiensis (bacteria)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1800 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1200 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1cryoSPARCparticle selection
9PHENIX1.20.1_4487model refinement
13cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.27 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 201167 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementHighest resolution: 3.27 Å
Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0036132
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.4868322
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d6.346788
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.043970
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0041030

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