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Open data
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Basic information
| Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 9cgc | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Title | Yeast 26S proteasome non-substrate-engaged (S1 state) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Components |
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Keywords | HYDROLASE / 26S protease complex / MOTOR PROTEIN / HYDROLASE-PROTEIN BINDING complex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Function / homology | Function and homology information: / proteasome regulatory particle assembly / proteasome storage granule assembly / peroxisome fission / protein deneddylation / COP9 signalosome / proteasome regulatory particle / mitochondrial fission / proteasome-activating activity / proteasome regulatory particle, lid subcomplex ...: / proteasome regulatory particle assembly / proteasome storage granule assembly / peroxisome fission / protein deneddylation / COP9 signalosome / proteasome regulatory particle / mitochondrial fission / proteasome-activating activity / proteasome regulatory particle, lid subcomplex / proteasome regulatory particle, base subcomplex / metal-dependent deubiquitinase activity / ER-Phagosome pathway / Antigen processing: Ub, ATP-independent proteasomal degradation / protein-containing complex localization / K48-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding / proteasome core complex assembly / Proteasome assembly / nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network / Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) / TNFR2 non-canonical NF-kB pathway / nonfunctional rRNA decay / Regulation of PTEN stability and activity / CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 / peptide catabolic process / FBXL7 down-regulates AURKA during mitotic entry and in early mitosis / KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway / Neddylation / Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation of Phosphorylated Cdc25A / Orc1 removal from chromatin / MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling / proteasome binding / regulation of protein catabolic process / proteasome storage granule / proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process / Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation / positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly / protein deubiquitination / polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding / proteasome endopeptidase complex / proteasome core complex, beta-subunit complex / Ub-specific processing proteases / endopeptidase activator activity / threonine-type endopeptidase activity / proteasome assembly / mRNA export from nucleus / proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex / enzyme regulator activity / ERAD pathway / Neutrophil degranulation / proteasome complex / nucleotide-excision repair / positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II / double-strand break repair via homologous recombination / metallopeptidase activity / positive regulation of protein catabolic process / peroxisome / positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / endopeptidase activity / ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / protein-macromolecule adaptor activity / ubiquitinyl hydrolase 1 / cysteine-type deubiquitinase activity / chromatin remodeling / protein domain specific binding / mRNA binding / ubiquitin protein ligase binding / endoplasmic reticulum membrane / structural molecule activity / endoplasmic reticulum / ATP hydrolysis activity / mitochondrion / ATP binding / metal ion binding / identical protein binding / nucleus / cytoplasm / cytosol Similarity search - Function | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biological species | ![]() | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.61 Å | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authors | Arkinson, C. / Gee, C.L. / Martin, A. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Funding support | United States, 1items
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Citation | Journal: Nat Commun / Year: 2026Title: Substrate-interacting pore loops of two ATPase subunits determine the degradation efficiency of the 26S proteasome. Authors: Erika López-Alfonzo / Ayush Saurabh / Sahar Zarafshan / Connor Arkinson / Christine L Gee / Hao-Hsuan Hsieh / Steve Pressé / Andreas Martin / ![]() Abstract: The 26S proteasome is the major eukaryotic protease responsible for the degradation of misfolded, damaged, and obsolete regulatory proteins. Commitment to degradation occurs when conserved pore loops ...The 26S proteasome is the major eukaryotic protease responsible for the degradation of misfolded, damaged, and obsolete regulatory proteins. Commitment to degradation occurs when conserved pore loops in the heterohexameric ATPase motor of the proteasome engage the flexible initiation region of a polyubiquitinated protein substrate for subsequent mechanical unfolding and translocation into a proteolytic chamber. Here, we use in vitro biochemical assays, single-molecule FRET-based measurements, and cryo-EM structure determination to characterize how the pore-1 loops of individual ATPase subunits in the yeast 26S proteasome contribute to the different steps of substrate degradation and affect the proteasome conformational dynamics. We find that the pore-1 loops of the Rpt6 and Rpt4 ATPase subunits play particularly important, yet distinct roles in substrate capture and unfolding, and in holding the ATPase motor in a static state prior to substrate engagement. Interestingly, these pore-1 loop contributions correlate with the positions of ATPase subunits in spiral-staircase arrangements for the substrate-free and substrate-degrading proteasome, providing insights into the mechanisms of substrate processing by the 26S proteasome and related ATPase motors. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| History |
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Structure visualization
| Structure viewer | Molecule: Molmil Jmol/JSmol |
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Downloads & links
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Download
| PDBx/mmCIF format | 9cgc.cif.gz | 2.6 MB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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| PDB format | pdb9cgc.ent.gz | 1.7 MB | Display | PDB format |
| PDBx/mmJSON format | 9cgc.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
| Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
| Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/cg/9cgc ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/cg/9cgc | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 45579MC M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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| Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology F&H Search |
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Links
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Assembly
| Deposited unit | ![]()
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Components
-Proteasome subunit beta type- ... , 7 types, 14 molecules 1b2i3h4g5f6e7a
| #1: Protein | Mass: 23573.604 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() References: UniProt: P38624, proteasome endopeptidase complex #2: Protein | Mass: 28299.889 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() References: UniProt: P25043, proteasome endopeptidase complex #3: Protein | Mass: 22627.842 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() #4: Protein | Mass: 22545.676 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() #5: Protein | Mass: 31670.539 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() References: UniProt: P30656, proteasome endopeptidase complex #6: Protein | Mass: 26905.076 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() #7: Protein | Mass: 29471.289 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
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-Proteasome subunit alpha type- ... , 6 types, 6 molecules ABCDEF
| #8: Protein | Mass: 28033.830 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
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| #9: Protein | Mass: 27191.828 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #10: Protein | Mass: 28748.230 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #11: Protein | Mass: 28478.111 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #12: Protein | Mass: 28649.086 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #13: Protein | Mass: 25634.000 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
-Protein , 2 types, 2 molecules GV
| #14: Protein | Mass: 31575.068 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
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| #22: Protein | Mass: 34442.281 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
-26S proteasome ... , 17 types, 17 molecules IKLOPRSWYJHMQUNTo
| #15: Protein | Mass: 48898.160 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
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| #16: Protein | Mass: 47953.676 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #17: Protein | Mass: 49480.137 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #18: Protein | Mass: 45839.348 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #19: Protein | Mass: 51840.352 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #20: Protein | Mass: 49016.367 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #21: Protein | Mass: 60464.605 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #23: Protein | Mass: 29776.098 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #24: Protein | Mass: 10391.956 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #25: Protein | Mass: 45342.742 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #26: Protein | Mass: 52054.891 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #27: Protein | Mass: 48315.727 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #28: Protein | Mass: 49839.812 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #29: Protein | Mass: 38365.508 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #30: Protein | Mass: 104351.883 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #31: Protein | Mass: 31952.119 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
| #32: Protein | Mass: 109601.906 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() |
-Non-polymers , 4 types, 12 molecules 






| #33: Chemical | ChemComp-MG / #34: Chemical | ChemComp-ATP / #35: Chemical | ChemComp-ZN / | #36: Chemical | ChemComp-ADP / | |
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-Details
| Has ligand of interest | Y |
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| Has protein modification | N |
-Experimental details
-Experiment
| Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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| EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
| Component | Name: Yeast 26S proteasome complex in the resting (S1) state Type: COMPLEX Details: Proteasome was purified from yeast, using a flag tagged RPN11 Entity ID: #1-#32 / Source: NATURAL | ||||||||||||
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| Molecular weight |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() | ||||||||||||
| Source (recombinant) | Organism: ![]() | ||||||||||||
| Buffer solution | pH: 7.4 Details: 30 mM HEPES pH7.4, 25 mM NaCl, 25 mM KCl, 3% (v/v) glycerol, 5 mM MgCl2 2 mM ATP and 0.5 mM TCEP, 0.02% NP-40. | ||||||||||||
| Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES | ||||||||||||
| Specimen support | Details: 25 mA / Grid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 200 divisions/in. / Grid type: UltrAuFoil R2/2 | ||||||||||||
| Vitrification | Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 298 K |
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Electron microscopy imaging
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Talos Arctica / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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| Microscopy | Model: FEI TALOS ARCTICA |
| Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 200 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM |
| Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 500 nm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE |
| Specimen holder | Cryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER |
| Image recording | Electron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 |
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Processing
| EM software | Name: PHENIX / Version: 1.21_5207 / Category: model refinement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3.61 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 110527 / Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic model building | Protocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Space: REAL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic model building | PDB-ID: 6j2q Accession code: 6j2q / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refinement | Cross valid method: NONE Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Displacement parameters | Biso mean: 148.17 Å2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refine LS restraints |
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About Yorodumi






United States, 1items
Citation
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FIELD EMISSION GUN
