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- PDB-8ij3: Cryo-EM structure of human HCAR2-Gi complex without ligand (apo state) -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8ij3
TitleCryo-EM structure of human HCAR2-Gi complex without ligand (apo state)
Components
  • Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
  • Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
  • Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
  • Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
  • scFv16
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


nicotinic acid receptor activity / Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors / neutrophil apoptotic process / positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / positive regulation of adiponectin secretion / T cell migration / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex ...nicotinic acid receptor activity / Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors / neutrophil apoptotic process / positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / positive regulation of adiponectin secretion / T cell migration / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling / D2 dopamine receptor binding / G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding / regulation of mitotic spindle organization / cellular response to forskolin / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / Regulation of insulin secretion / G protein-coupled receptor binding / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G-protein activation / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / response to peptide hormone / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / photoreceptor disc membrane / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / G alpha (z) signalling events / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / sensory perception of taste / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / GDP binding / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / extracellular vesicle / cell junction / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / GTPase binding / retina development in camera-type eye / Ca2+ pathway / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / cell cortex / midbody / G alpha (i) signalling events / fibroblast proliferation / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / G alpha (s) signalling events / G alpha (q) signalling events / Ras protein signal transduction / cell population proliferation / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / cell division / lysosomal membrane / GTPase activity / centrosome / synapse / protein-containing complex binding / nucleolus / GTP binding / magnesium ion binding / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / nucleoplasm / membrane / plasma membrane / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
: / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain ...: / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD domain, G-beta repeat / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 / Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.28 Å
AuthorsPan, X. / Fang, Y.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) China
CitationJournal: Cell Discov / Year: 2023
Title: Structural insights into ligand recognition and selectivity of the human hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor HCAR2.
Authors: Xin Pan / Fang Ye / Peiruo Ning / Zhiyi Zhang / Xinyu Li / Binghao Zhang / Qian Wang / Geng Chen / Wei Gao / Chen Qiu / Zhangsong Wu / Jiancheng Li / Lizhe Zhu / Jiang Xia / Kaizheng Gong / Yang Du /
Abstract: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2) belongs to the family of class A G protein-coupled receptors with key roles in regulating lipolysis and free fatty acid formation in humans. It is deeply ...Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2) belongs to the family of class A G protein-coupled receptors with key roles in regulating lipolysis and free fatty acid formation in humans. It is deeply involved in many pathophysiological processes and serves as an attractive target for the treatment of cardiovascular, neoplastic, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases. Here, we report four cryo-EM structures of human HCAR2-Gi1 complexes with or without agonists, including the drugs niacin (2.69 Å) and acipimox (3.23 Å), the highly subtype-specific agonist MK-6892 (3.25 Å), and apo form (3.28 Å). Combined with molecular dynamics simulation and functional analysis, we have revealed the recognition mechanism of HCAR2 for different agonists and summarized the general pharmacophore features of HCAR2 agonists, which are based on three key residues R111, S179, and Y284. Notably, the MK-6892-HCAR2 structure shows an extended binding pocket relative to other agonist-bound HCAR2 complexes. In addition, the key residues that determine the ligand selectivity between the HCAR2 and HCAR3 are also illuminated. Our findings provide structural insights into the ligand recognition, selectivity, activation, and G protein coupling mechanism of HCAR2, which shed light on the design of new HCAR2-targeting drugs for greater efficacy, higher selectivity, and fewer or no side effects.
History
DepositionFeb 24, 2023Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Jan 3, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Nov 6, 2024Group: Data collection / Structure summary
Category: em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
B: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
C: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
G: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
S: scFv16


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)143,8835
Polymers143,8835
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 / G-protein coupled receptor 109A / G-protein coupled receptor HM74A / Niacin receptor 1 / Nicotinic ...G-protein coupled receptor 109A / G-protein coupled receptor HM74A / Niacin receptor 1 / Nicotinic acid receptor


Mass: 34017.723 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: HCAR2, GPR109A, HCA2, HM74A, NIACR1 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: Q8TDS4
#2: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Transducin beta chain 1


Mass: 37069.543 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNB1 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P62873
#3: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 / Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein


Mass: 40153.672 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: G203A, A326S
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNAI1 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P63096
#4: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / G gamma-I


Mass: 6218.162 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNG2 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P59768
#5: Antibody scFv16


Mass: 26424.385 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Cryo-EM structure of human HCAR2-Gi complex without ligand (apo state)
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.2
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: NITROGEN

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: SPOT SCAN
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1400 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 56 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k)

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Processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.28 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 311666 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0039153
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.58112385
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d4.5141227
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0411389
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0041568

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