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- PDB-8gwi: A mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 RNA capping and its inhibition by nucl... -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8gwi
TitleA mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 RNA capping and its inhibition by nucleotide analogue inhibitors
Components
  • (Non-structural protein ...) x 3
  • Helicase
  • RNA (27-MER)
  • RNA-directed RNA polymerase
  • primer
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / SARS-CoV-2 / capping / nucleotide analogue inhibitor / cryo-EM
Function / homology
Function and homology information


viral genome replication / methyltransferase activity / protein guanylyltransferase activity / RNA endonuclease activity, producing 3'-phosphomonoesters / mRNA guanylyltransferase activity / 5'-3' RNA helicase activity / Lyases; Phosphorus-oxygen lyases / symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of TBK1 activity / Assembly of the SARS-CoV-2 Replication-Transcription Complex (RTC) / Maturation of replicase proteins ...viral genome replication / methyltransferase activity / protein guanylyltransferase activity / RNA endonuclease activity, producing 3'-phosphomonoesters / mRNA guanylyltransferase activity / 5'-3' RNA helicase activity / Lyases; Phosphorus-oxygen lyases / symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of TBK1 activity / Assembly of the SARS-CoV-2 Replication-Transcription Complex (RTC) / Maturation of replicase proteins / ISG15-specific peptidase activity / Transcription of SARS-CoV-2 sgRNAs / TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway / Translation of Replicase and Assembly of the Replication Transcription Complex / Replication of the SARS-CoV-2 genome / snRNP Assembly / double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters / SARS coronavirus main proteinase / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment / 3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activity / 5'-3' DNA helicase activity / symbiont-mediated suppression of host NF-kappaB cascade / host cell endosome / symbiont-mediated suppression of host toll-like receptor signaling pathway / symbiont-mediated degradation of host mRNA / mRNA guanylyltransferase / symbiont-mediated suppression of host ISG15-protein conjugation / G-quadruplex RNA binding / mRNA (guanine-N7)-methyltransferase / omega peptidase activity / methyltransferase cap1 / symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of IRF3 activity / SARS-CoV-2 modulates host translation machinery / host cell Golgi apparatus / symbiont-mediated perturbation of host ubiquitin-like protein modification / endonuclease activity / DNA helicase / mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O-)-methyltransferase activity / mRNA 5'-cap (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activity / ubiquitinyl hydrolase 1 / methylation / cysteine-type deubiquitinase activity / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Cysteine endopeptidases / host cell perinuclear region of cytoplasm / single-stranded RNA binding / host cell endoplasmic reticulum membrane / viral protein processing / lyase activity / RNA helicase / symbiont-mediated suppression of host type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway / induction by virus of host autophagy / copper ion binding / RNA-directed RNA polymerase / viral translational frameshifting / viral RNA genome replication / cysteine-type endopeptidase activity / RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity / virus-mediated perturbation of host defense response / lipid binding / DNA-templated transcription / host cell nucleus / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / ATP hydrolysis activity / proteolysis / RNA binding / zinc ion binding / ATP binding / membrane
Similarity search - Function
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, SARS-CoV-like / Nonstructural protein 14, betacoronavirus / NSP15, NendoU domain, coronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, N-terminal domain, alpha/beta-coronavirus / NSP14, guanine-N7-methyltransferase domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) guanine-N7-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp15 N-terminal oligomerization domain profile. / NSP12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, coronavirus / : ...RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, SARS-CoV-like / Nonstructural protein 14, betacoronavirus / NSP15, NendoU domain, coronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, N-terminal domain, alpha/beta-coronavirus / NSP14, guanine-N7-methyltransferase domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) guanine-N7-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp15 N-terminal oligomerization domain profile. / NSP12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, coronavirus / : / : / : / Coronavirus Nonstructural protein 13, 1B domain / Coronavirus Non-structural protein 13, zinc-binding domain / Coronavirus Nonstructural protein 13, stalk domain / Coronavirus Nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain profile. / Coronavirus Nsp12 Interface domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP15, N-terminal domain superfamily, coronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP15, middle domain superfamily / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, N-terminal oligomerization / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, coronavirus / Nonstructural protein 13, 1B domain, coronavirus / Nidovirus 2-O-methyltransferase / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, middle domain / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, N-terminal oligomerisation / Nidovirus 2'-O-methyltransferase (2'-O-MTase) domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP16, coronavirus-like / Non-structural protein 14, coronavirus / RNA polymerase, N-terminal, coronavirus / Nidovirus 3'-5' exoribonuclease domain / Coronavirus 2'-O-methyltransferase / Coronavirus proofreading exoribonuclease / Coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, N-terminal / Nidovirus 3'-5' exoribonuclease (ExoN) domain profile. / Nonstructural protein 13, zinc-binding domain, coronavirus-like / Coronaviridae zinc-binding (CV ZBD) domain profile. / Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/Coronavirus NSP15 middle domain / Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/coronavirus NSP15 middle (AV-Nsp11N/CoV-Nsp15M) domain profile. / Nidoviral uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (NendoU) domain profile. / Nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyl transferase (NiRAN) domain / Nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyl transferase (NiRAN) domain profile. / Endoribonuclease EndoU-like / NendoU domain, nidovirus / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, uridylate-specific endoribonuclease / : / Lipocalin signature. / DNA2/NAM7 helicase-like, C-terminal / AAA domain / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-N (Mac2) domain, betacoronavirus / Sarbecovirus Nsp3c-N domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP3, N-terminal, betacoronavirus / Polyprotein cleavage domain PL2pro superfamily, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-N (Mac2) domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus SUD-C domain / Betacoronavirus replicase NSP3, N-terminal / NSP1 globular domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein 2, SARS-CoV-like / (+) RNA virus helicase core domain / (+)RNA virus helicase core domain profile. / Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase subdomain signature 2. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3c-M domain profile. / NSP1, globular domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-M domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-M domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus replicase NSP1 / Betacoronavirus single-stranded poly(A) binding domain / NSP1, C-terminal domain, betacoronavirus / : / Betacoronavirus (BetaCoV) Nsp1 C-terminal domain profile. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3e group 2-specific marker (G2M) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3c-C domain profile. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3e nucleic acid-binding (NAB) domain profile. / DPUP/SUD, C-terminal, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, nucleic acid-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3A domain-like superfamily / Non-structural protein NSP3, nucleic acid-binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein 6, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus nucleic acid-binding (NAB) / Papain-like viral protease, palm and finger domains, coronavirus / Papain-like protease, N-terminal domain superfamily, coronavirus / Coronavirus replicase NSP2, N-terminal / : / Coronavirus replicase NSP2, C-terminal / NSP1, globular domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 middle domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp1 globular domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 N-terminal domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 C-terminal domain profile. / Nonstructural protein 2, N-terminal domain, coronavirus / Non-structural protein 2, C-terminal domain, coronavirus / NSP3, second ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus Nsp3a Ubl domain profile. / Coronavirus Nsp3d Ubl domain profile. / NSP3, first ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain, coronavirus / : / : / Coronavirus replicase NSP7 / Peptidase family C16 domain profile. / Coronavirus 3Ecto domain profile. / Coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) Nsp7 cofactor domain profile.
Similarity search - Domain/homology
GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / RNA / RNA (> 10) / Replicase polyprotein 1a / Replicase polyprotein 1ab
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.18 Å
AuthorsYan, L.M. / Huang, Y.C. / Ge, J. / Liu, Z.Y. / Gao, Y. / Rao, Z.H. / Lou, Z.Y.
Funding support China, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)2020YFA0707500 China
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)2017YFC0840300 China
CitationJournal: Cell / Year: 2022
Title: A mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 RNA capping and its inhibition by nucleotide analog inhibitors.
Authors: Liming Yan / Yucen Huang / Ji Ge / Zhenyu Liu / Pengchi Lu / Bo Huang / Shan Gao / Junbo Wang / Liping Tan / Sihan Ye / Fengxi Yu / Weiqi Lan / Shiya Xu / Feng Zhou / Lei Shi / Luke W Guddat ...Authors: Liming Yan / Yucen Huang / Ji Ge / Zhenyu Liu / Pengchi Lu / Bo Huang / Shan Gao / Junbo Wang / Liping Tan / Sihan Ye / Fengxi Yu / Weiqi Lan / Shiya Xu / Feng Zhou / Lei Shi / Luke W Guddat / Yan Gao / Zihe Rao / Zhiyong Lou /
Abstract: Decoration of cap on viral RNA plays essential roles in SARS-CoV-2 proliferation. Here, we report a mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 RNA capping and document structural details at atomic resolution. The ...Decoration of cap on viral RNA plays essential roles in SARS-CoV-2 proliferation. Here, we report a mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 RNA capping and document structural details at atomic resolution. The NiRAN domain in polymerase catalyzes the covalent link of RNA 5' end to the first residue of nsp9 (termed as RNAylation), thus being an intermediate to form cap core (GpppA) with GTP catalyzed again by NiRAN. We also reveal that triphosphorylated nucleotide analog inhibitors can be bonded to nsp9 and fit into a previously unknown "Nuc-pocket" in NiRAN, thus inhibiting nsp9 RNAylation and formation of GpppA. S-loop (residues 50-KTN-52) in NiRAN presents a remarkable conformational shift observed in RTC bound with sofosbuvir monophosphate, reasoning an "induce-and-lock" mechanism to design inhibitors. These findings not only improve the understanding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA capping and the mode of action of NAIs but also provide a strategy to design antiviral drugs.
History
DepositionSep 17, 2022Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Dec 14, 2022Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jul 3, 2024Group: Data collection / Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / em_admin / Item: _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: RNA-directed RNA polymerase
B: Non-structural protein 8
C: Non-structural protein 7
D: Non-structural protein 8
I: primer
J: RNA (27-MER)
F: Helicase
E: Helicase
G: Non-structural protein 9
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)325,75118
Polymers324,7049
Non-polymers1,0469
Water181
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Protein , 2 types, 3 molecules AFE

#1: Protein RNA-directed RNA polymerase / Pol / RdRp / Non-structural protein 12 / nsp12


Mass: 106780.977 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Fragment: UNP residues 4393-5324
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0DTD1, RNA-directed RNA polymerase
#6: Protein Helicase / Hel / Non-structural protein 13 / nsp13


Mass: 66930.531 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Fragment: UNP residues 5325-5925
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0DTD1

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Non-structural protein ... , 3 types, 4 molecules BDCG

#2: Protein Non-structural protein 8 / nsp8


Mass: 21903.047 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Fragment: UNP residues 3943-4140
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Gene: rep, 1a-1b / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0DTD1
#3: Protein Non-structural protein 7 / nsp7


Mass: 9248.804 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Fragment: UNP residues 3860-3942
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0DTC1
#7: Protein Non-structural protein 9 / nsp9


Mass: 12391.171 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0DTD1

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RNA chain , 2 types, 2 molecules IJ

#4: RNA chain primer


Mass: 8172.932 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically
Source: (synth.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
#5: RNA chain RNA (27-MER)


Mass: 10443.209 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically
Source: (synth.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Non-polymers , 3 types, 10 molecules

#8: Chemical
ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 8 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#9: Chemical ChemComp-GTP / GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE


Mass: 523.180 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H16N5O14P3 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: GTP, energy-carrying molecule*YM
#10: Water ChemComp-HOH / water


Mass: 18.015 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Formula: H2O

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Details

Has ligand of interestY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: E-RTC_SMP-nsp9_GTP / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#7 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)
Buffer solutionpH: 7
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 QUANTUM (4k x 4k)

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.20.1_4487: / Classification: refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.18 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 1119306 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00822641
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.75331049
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d7.5213576
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0433605
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0063755

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