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- PDB-7xc6: Photobacterium phosphoreum fatty acid reductase complex LuxC-LuxE -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7xc6
TitlePhotobacterium phosphoreum fatty acid reductase complex LuxC-LuxE
Components
  • Long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase
  • LuxE
KeywordsLUMINESCENT PROTEIN / fatty acid reductase / acyl-protein synthetase / acyl-CoA reductase / bacterial bioluminescenc
Function / homology
Function and homology information


long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase / long-chain fatty acid--protein ligase activity / long-chain-fatty-acyl-CoA reductase activity / acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity / bioluminescence
Similarity search - Function
Acyl-protein synthetase, LuxE / Long-chain-fatty-acyl-CoA reductase, LuxC / Acyl-protein synthetase, LuxE, bacterial / Acyl-protein synthetase, LuxE / Acyl-CoA reductase (LuxC) / ANL, N-terminal domain / Aldehyde dehydrogenase, C-terminal / Aldehyde dehydrogenase, N-terminal / Aldehyde/histidinol dehydrogenase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
LuxE / Long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesPhotobacterium phosphoreum (bacteria)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.79 Å
AuthorsTian, Q. / Huo, Y. / Wang, L.
Funding support1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
CitationJournal: J Biol Chem / Year: 2022
Title: Cryo-EM structure of the fatty acid reductase LuxC-LuxE complex provides insights into bacterial bioluminescence.
Authors: Qingwei Tian / Jingting Wu / Haifeng Xu / Zhangli Hu / Yangao Huo / Liyan Wang /
Abstract: The discovery of reduced flavin mononucleotide and fatty aldehydes as essential factors of light emission facilitated study of bacterial luminescence. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying ...The discovery of reduced flavin mononucleotide and fatty aldehydes as essential factors of light emission facilitated study of bacterial luminescence. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial luminescence have been studied for more than 60 years, the structure of the bacterial fatty acid reductase complex remains unclear. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of the Photobacterium phosphoreum fatty acid reductase complex LuxC-LuxE to a resolution of 2.79 Å. We show that the active site Lys238/Arg355 pair of LuxE is >30 Å from the active site Cys296 of LuxC, implying that catalysis relies on a large conformational change. Furthermore, mutagenesis and biochemical experiments support that the L-shaped cleft inside LuxC plays an important role in substrate binding and reaction. We obtained a series of mutants with significantly improved activity as measured by in vitro bioluminescence assays and demonstrated that the double mutant W111A/F483K displayed the highest activity (370% of the WT). Our results indicated that the activity of LuxC significantly affects the bacterial bioluminescence reaction. Finally, we expressed this mutated lux operon in Escherichia coli but observed that the in vivo concentrations of ATP and NADPH limited the enzyme activity; thus, we conclude that the luminous intensity mainly depends on the level of metabolic energy.
History
DepositionMar 23, 2022Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Apr 20, 2022Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Aug 10, 2022Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_ASTM / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year
Revision 1.2Jun 26, 2024Group: Data collection / Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / em_admin / Item: _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
E: LuxE
A: Long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase
B: Long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase
C: Long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase
D: Long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)259,2035
Polymers259,2035
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein LuxE


Mass: 42934.445 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Photobacterium phosphoreum (bacteria) / Gene: luxE / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: A8R7D1
#2: Protein
Long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase / Acyl-CoA reductase


Mass: 54067.164 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Photobacterium phosphoreum (bacteria) / Gene: luxC / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)
References: UniProt: P19841, long-chain acyl-protein thioester reductase

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: fatty acid reductase complex / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Photobacterium phosphoreum (bacteria)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1500 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k)

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Processing

Software
NameVersionClassificationNB
phenix.real_space_refine1.17.1_3660refinement
PHENIX1.17.1_3660refinement
EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
7UCSF Chimera1.13.1model fitting
13PHENIX1.17.1-3600model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.79 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 229033 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: RIGID BODY FIT / Space: REAL
RefinementCross valid method: NONE
Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 44.18 Å2
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.005616545
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.682722462
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.04992514
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.00422873
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d12.13332191

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