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- EMDB-70993: CRYO-EM STRUCTURE OF the human mPSF IN COMPLEX WITH THE AAUAAU po... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-70993
TitleCRYO-EM STRUCTURE OF the human mPSF IN COMPLEX WITH THE AAUAAU poly(A) signal
Map dataprimary map
Sample
  • Complex: human mPSF in complex with the AAUAAU poly(A) signal
    • Protein or peptide: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1
    • Protein or peptide: pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein WDR33
    • Protein or peptide: Isoform 2 of Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4
    • RNA: RNA (5'-R(P*AP*AP*UP*AP*AP*UP*C)-3')
  • Ligand: ZINC ION
Keywordspolyadenylation signal / RNA BINDING PROTEIN / RNA BINDING PROTEIN-RNA complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


co-transcriptional RNA 3'-end processing, cleavage and polyadenylation pathway / Inhibition of Host mRNA Processing and RNA Silencing / Processing of Intronless Pre-mRNAs / mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex / collagen trimer / mRNA 3'-UTR AU-rich region binding / mRNA 3'-end processing / Transport of Mature mRNA Derived from an Intronless Transcript / mRNA 3'-end processing / tRNA processing in the nucleus ...co-transcriptional RNA 3'-end processing, cleavage and polyadenylation pathway / Inhibition of Host mRNA Processing and RNA Silencing / Processing of Intronless Pre-mRNAs / mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex / collagen trimer / mRNA 3'-UTR AU-rich region binding / mRNA 3'-end processing / Transport of Mature mRNA Derived from an Intronless Transcript / mRNA 3'-end processing / tRNA processing in the nucleus / DNA damage tolerance / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Termination / Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA / fibrillar center / mRNA processing / sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding / spermatogenesis / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle / enzyme binding / RNA binding / zinc ion binding / nucleoplasm / nucleus
Similarity search - Function
Zinc-finger CCCH domain / Zinc-finger containing family / CPSF complex subunit CPSF4-like / Pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein Pfs2-like / Zinc finger C-x8-C-x5-C-x3-H type (and similar) / Zinc finger, CCCH-type superfamily / zinc finger / Collagen triple helix repeat / Collagen triple helix repeat (20 copies) / Zinc finger, CCCH-type ...Zinc-finger CCCH domain / Zinc-finger containing family / CPSF complex subunit CPSF4-like / Pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein Pfs2-like / Zinc finger C-x8-C-x5-C-x3-H type (and similar) / Zinc finger, CCCH-type superfamily / zinc finger / Collagen triple helix repeat / Collagen triple helix repeat (20 copies) / Zinc finger, CCCH-type / Zinc finger C3H1-type profile. / RSE1/DDB1/CPSF1 second beta-propeller / Cleavage/polyadenylation specificity factor, A subunit, C-terminal / Cleavage/polyadenylation specificity factor, A subunit, N-terminal / : / CPSF A subunit region / RSE1/DDB1/CPSF1 first beta-propeller / zinc finger / Zinc knuckle / Zinc finger, CCHC-type superfamily / Zinc finger, CCHC-type / Zinc finger CCHC-type profile. / WD domain, G-beta repeat / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4 / Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1 / pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein WDR33
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.07 Å
AuthorsHuang L / Tong L / Chu H-F
Funding support United States, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)R35GM118093 United States
CitationJournal: Nucleic Acids Res / Year: 2025
Title: Molecular basis for the recognition of low-frequency polyadenylation signals by mPSF.
Authors: Lin Huang / Hsu-Feng Chu / Liang Tong /
Abstract: The 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs is dependent on a key hexanucleotide motif known as the polyadenylation signal (PAS). The PAS hexamer is recognized by the mammalian ...The 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs is dependent on a key hexanucleotide motif known as the polyadenylation signal (PAS). The PAS hexamer is recognized by the mammalian polyadenylation specificity factor (mPSF). AAUAAA is the most frequent PAS hexamer and together with AUUAAA, the second most frequent hexamer, account for ∼75% of the poly(A) signals. The remaining hexamers are at low frequency (<3%), and the molecular basis for their recognition is still not known. Here, we have determined the binding affinities for most of the PAS hexamers, showing that the Kd values are generally inversely correlated with their frequency. We also observed good cleavage activity for two low-frequency hexamers, AAGAAA and AACAAA. We have determined the cryo-electron microscopy structures of human mPSF in complex with AAUAAU and AGUAAA, at 3.1 and 2.5 Å resolution, respectively. The overall binding modes of the two low-frequency hexamers are similar to that of AAUAAA, although the U3-A6 Hoogsteen base pair is disrupted in the AAUAAU hexamer. For AGUAAA, the G2 base undergoes a large conformational change, which allows it to maintain the hydrogen-bonding interaction with CPSF30 as observed with A2 and establish a new hydrogen bond to CPSF30.
History
DepositionJun 4, 2025-
Header (metadata) releaseNov 26, 2025-
Map releaseNov 26, 2025-
UpdateNov 26, 2025-
Current statusNov 26, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_70993.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_70993.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 103 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Annotationprimary map
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.86 Å/pix.
x 300 pix.
= 256.8 Å		0.86 Å/pix.
x 300 pix.
= 256.8 Å		0.86 Å/pix.
x 300 pix.
= 256.8 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.856 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.131
Minimum - Maximum-1.0538292 - 1.5103216
Average (Standard dev.)-0.00037329772 (±0.035500683)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions300300300
Spacing300300300
CellA=B=C: 256.8 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: half map B

Fileemd_70993_half_map_1.map
Annotationhalf map_B
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: half map A

Fileemd_70993_half_map_2.map
Annotationhalf map_A
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : human mPSF in complex with the AAUAAU poly(A) signal

EntireName: human mPSF in complex with the AAUAAU poly(A) signal
Components
  • Complex: human mPSF in complex with the AAUAAU poly(A) signal
    • Protein or peptide: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1
    • Protein or peptide: pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein WDR33
    • Protein or peptide: Isoform 2 of Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4
    • RNA: RNA (5'-R(P*AP*AP*UP*AP*AP*UP*C)-3')
  • Ligand: ZINC ION

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Supramolecule #1: human mPSF in complex with the AAUAAU poly(A) signal

SupramoleculeName: human mPSF in complex with the AAUAAU poly(A) signal / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#4
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1

MacromoleculeName: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 161.074234 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: MYAVYKQAHP PTGLEFSMYC NFFNNSERNL VVAGTSQLYV YRLNRDAEAL TKNDRSTEGK AHREKLELAA SFSFFGNVMS MASVQLAGA KRDALLLSFK DAKLSVVEYD PGTHDLKTLS LHYFEEPELR DGFVQNVHTP RVRVDPDGRC AAMLVYGTRL V VLPFRRES ...String:
MYAVYKQAHP PTGLEFSMYC NFFNNSERNL VVAGTSQLYV YRLNRDAEAL TKNDRSTEGK AHREKLELAA SFSFFGNVMS MASVQLAGA KRDALLLSFK DAKLSVVEYD PGTHDLKTLS LHYFEEPELR DGFVQNVHTP RVRVDPDGRC AAMLVYGTRL V VLPFRRES LAEEHEGLVG EGQRSSFLPS YIIDVRALDE KLLNIIDLQF LHGYYEPTLL ILFEPNQTWP GRVAVRQDTC SI VAISLNI TQKVHPVIWS LTSLPFDCTQ ALAVPKPIGG VVVFAVNSLL YLNQSVPPYG VALNSLTTGT TAFPLRTQEG VRI TLDCAQ ATFISYDKMV ISLKGGEIYV LTLITDGMRS VRAFHFDKAA ASVLTTSMVT MEPGYLFLGS RLGNSLLLKY TEKL QEPPA SAVREAADKE EPPSKKKRVD ATAGWSAAGK SVPQDEVDEI EVYGSEAQSG TQLATYSFEV CDSILNIGPC ANAAV GEPA FLSEEFQNSP EPDLEIVVCS GHGKNGALSV LQKSIRPQVV TTFELPGCYD MWTVIAPVRK EEEDNPKGEG TEQEPS TTP EADDDGRRHG FLILSREDST MILQTGQEIM ELDTSGFATQ GPTVFAGNIG DNRYIVQVSP LGIRLLEGVN QLHFIPV DL GAPIVQCAVA DPYVVIMSAE GHVTMFLLKS DSYGGRHHRL ALHKPPLHHQ SKVITLCLYR DLSGMFTTES RLGGARDE L GGRSGPEAEG LGSETSPTVD DEEEMLYGDS GSLFSPSKEE ARRSSQPPAD RDPAPFRAEP THWCLLVREN GTMEIYQLP DWRLVFLVKN FPVGQRVLVD SSFGQPTTQG EARREEATRQ GELPLVKEVL LVALGSRQSR PYLLVHVDQE LLIYEAFPHD SQLGQGNLK VRFKKVPHNI NFREKKPKPS KKKAEGGGAE EGAGARGRVA RFRYFEDIYG YSGVFICGPS PHWLLVTGRG A LRLHPMAI DGPVDSFAPF HNVNCPRGFL YFNRQGELRI SVLPAYLSYD APWPVRKIPL RCTAHYVAYH VESKVYAVAT ST NTPCARI PRMTGEEKEF ETIERDERYI HPQQEAFSIQ LISPVSWEAI PNARIELQEW EHVTCMKTVS LRSEETVSGL KGY VAAGTC LMQGEEVTCR GRILIMDVIE VVPEPGQPLT KNKFKVLYEK EQKGPVTALC HCNGHLVSAI GQKIFLWSLR ASEL TGMAF IDTQLYIHQM ISVKNFILAA DVMKSISLLR YQEESKTLSL VSRDAKPLEV YSVDFMVDNA QLGFLVSDRD RNLMV YMYL PEAKESFGGM RLLRRADFHV GAHVNTFWRT PCRGATEGLS KKSVVWENKH ITWFATLDGG IGLLLPMQEK TYRRLL MLQ NALTTMLPHH AGLNPRAFRM LHVDRRTLQN AVRNVLDGEL LNRYLYLSTM ERSELAKKIG TTPDIILDDL LETDRVT AH F

UniProtKB: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1

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Macromolecule #2: pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein WDR33

MacromoleculeName: pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein WDR33 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 66.053102 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: SNAATEIGSP PRFFHMPRFQ HQAPRQLFYK RPDFAQQQAM QQLTFDGKRM RKAVNRKTID YNPSVIKYLE NRIWQRDQRD MRAIQPDAG YYNDLVPPIG MLNNPMNAVT TKFVRTSTNK VKCPVFVVRW TPEGRRLVTG ASSGEFTLWN GLTFNFETIL Q AHDSPVRA ...String:
SNAATEIGSP PRFFHMPRFQ HQAPRQLFYK RPDFAQQQAM QQLTFDGKRM RKAVNRKTID YNPSVIKYLE NRIWQRDQRD MRAIQPDAG YYNDLVPPIG MLNNPMNAVT TKFVRTSTNK VKCPVFVVRW TPEGRRLVTG ASSGEFTLWN GLTFNFETIL Q AHDSPVRA MTWSHNDMWM LTADHGGYVK YWQSNMNNVK MFQAHKEAIR EASFSPTDNK FATCSDDGTV RIWDFLRCHE ER ILRGHGA DVKCVDWHPT KGLVVSGSKD SQQPIKFWDP KTGQSLATLH AHKNTVMEVK LNLNGNWLLT ASRDHLCKLF DIR NLKEEL QVFRGHKKEA TAVAWHPVHE GLFASGGSDG SLLFWHVGVE KEVGGMEMAH EGMIWSLAWH PLGHILCSGS NDHT SKFWT RNRPGDKMRD RYNLNLLPGM SEDGVEYDDL EPNSLAVIPG MGIPEQLKLA MEQEQMGKDE SNEIEMTIPG LDWGM EEVM QKDQKKVPQK KVPYAKPIPA QFQQAWMQNK VPIPAPNEVL NDRKEDIKLE EKKKTQAEIE QEMATLQYTN PQLLEQ LKI ERLAQKQVEQ I

UniProtKB: pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein WDR33

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Macromolecule #3: Isoform 2 of Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4

MacromoleculeName: Isoform 2 of Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 27.589004 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: MQEIIASVDH IKFDLEIAVE QQLGAQPLPF PGMDKSGAAV CEFFLKAACG KGGMCPFRHI SGEKTVVCKH WLRGLCKKGD QCEFLHEYD MTKMPECYFY SKFGECSNKE CPFLHIDPES KIKDCPWYDR GFCKHGPLCR HRHTRRVICV NYLVGFCPEG P SCKFMHPR ...String:
MQEIIASVDH IKFDLEIAVE QQLGAQPLPF PGMDKSGAAV CEFFLKAACG KGGMCPFRHI SGEKTVVCKH WLRGLCKKGD QCEFLHEYD MTKMPECYFY SKFGECSNKE CPFLHIDPES KIKDCPWYDR GFCKHGPLCR HRHTRRVICV NYLVGFCPEG P SCKFMHPR FELPMGTTEQ PPLPQQTQPP AKQRTPQVIG VMQSQNSSAG NRGPRPLEQV TCYKCGEKGH YANRCTKGHL AF LSGQ

UniProtKB: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4

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Macromolecule #4: RNA (5'-R(P*AP*AP*UP*AP*AP*UP*C)-3')

MacromoleculeName: RNA (5'-R(P*AP*AP*UP*AP*AP*UP*C)-3') / type: rna / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 3.804344 KDa
SequenceString:
UGCAAUAAUC AA

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Macromolecule #5: ZINC ION

MacromoleculeName: ZINC ION / type: ligand / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 3 / Formula: ZN
Molecular weightTheoretical: 65.409 Da

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 51.15 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: OTHER / Imaging mode: OTHER / Nominal defocus max: 2.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.5 µm / Nominal magnification: 81000
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: OTHER
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.07 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 292202
Initial angle assignmentType: OTHER
Final angle assignmentType: OTHER

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial modelPDB ID:

9oxe


Chain - Source name: PDB / Chain - Initial model type: experimental model
RefinementProtocol: AB INITIO MODEL
Output model

PDB-9oxs:
CRYO-EM STRUCTURE OF the human mPSF IN COMPLEX WITH THE AAUAAU poly(A) signal

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