ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit b' / ATP synthase delta/epsilon subunit, C-terminal domain / ATP synthase, Delta/Epsilon chain, long alpha-helix domain / : / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit A, bacterial/chloroplast / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit b/b', bacterial/chloroplast / ATP synthase B/B' CF(0) / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit C, bacterial/chloroplast / ATPase, OSCP/delta subunit, conserved site / ATP synthase delta (OSCP) subunit signature. ...ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit b' / ATP synthase delta/epsilon subunit, C-terminal domain / ATP synthase, Delta/Epsilon chain, long alpha-helix domain / : / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit A, bacterial/chloroplast / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit b/b', bacterial/chloroplast / ATP synthase B/B' CF(0) / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit C, bacterial/chloroplast / ATPase, OSCP/delta subunit, conserved site / ATP synthase delta (OSCP) subunit signature. / F1F0 ATP synthase OSCP/delta subunit, N-terminal domain superfamily / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit A / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit A, active site / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit A superfamily / ATP synthase A chain / ATP synthase a subunit signature. / ATPase, OSCP/delta subunit / ATP synthase delta (OSCP) subunit / ATP synthase, F1 complex, delta/epsilon subunit / ATP synthase, F1 complex, delta/epsilon subunit, N-terminal / F0F1 ATP synthase delta/epsilon subunit, N-terminal / ATP synthase, Delta/Epsilon chain, beta-sandwich domain / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit C / F1F0 ATP synthase subunit C superfamily / ATP synthase, F0 complex, subunit C, DCCD-binding site / ATP synthase c subunit signature. / ATP synthase, F1 complex, gamma subunit conserved site / ATP synthase gamma subunit signature. / ATP synthase, F1 complex, beta subunit / ATP synthase, alpha subunit, C-terminal domain superfamily / : / ATP synthase, F1 complex, alpha subunit nucleotide-binding domain / ATP synthase, F1 complex, gamma subunit / ATP synthase, F1 complex, gamma subunit superfamily / ATP synthase / ATP synthase, alpha subunit, C-terminal / ATP synthase, F1 complex, alpha subunit / ATP synthase alpha/beta chain, C terminal domain / V-ATPase proteolipid subunit C-like domain / F/V-ATP synthase subunit C superfamily / ATP synthase subunit C / : / ATPase, F1/V1 complex, beta/alpha subunit, C-terminal / C-terminal domain of V and A type ATP synthase / ATPase, F1/V1/A1 complex, alpha/beta subunit, N-terminal domain superfamily / ATP synthase subunit alpha, N-terminal domain-like superfamily / ATPase, F1/V1/A1 complex, alpha/beta subunit, N-terminal domain / ATP synthase alpha/beta family, beta-barrel domain / ATPase, alpha/beta subunit, nucleotide-binding domain, active site / ATP synthase alpha and beta subunits signature. / ATPase, F1/V1/A1 complex, alpha/beta subunit, nucleotide-binding domain / ATP synthase alpha/beta family, nucleotide-binding domain / ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities / AAA+ ATPase domain / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase Similarity search - Domain/homology
ATP synthase subunit b', chloroplastic / ATP synthase subunit a, chloroplastic / ATP synthase subunit beta, chloroplastic / ATP synthase epsilon chain, chloroplastic / ATP synthase gamma chain, chloroplastic / ATP synthase subunit alpha, chloroplastic / ATP synthase subunit c, chloroplastic / ATP synthase delta chain, chloroplastic / ATP synthase subunit b, chloroplastic Similarity search - Component
Biological species
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (plant)
Method
single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.2 Å
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
China
Citation
Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun / Year: 2026 Title: Cryo-EM structure of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast FF-ATP synthase. Authors: Jian Liu / Danyang Li / Qiang Wang / Ping Yin / Zeyuan Guan / Junjie Yan / Abstract: FF-ATP synthase is a multi-subunit energy-producing macromolecular machine, consisting of hydrophilic F and hydrophobic F segments, which utilize transmembrane electrochemical potential to synthesize ...FF-ATP synthase is a multi-subunit energy-producing macromolecular machine, consisting of hydrophilic F and hydrophobic F segments, which utilize transmembrane electrochemical potential to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP synthases are widely distributed in the inner membrane of mitochondria, the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, and the plasma membrane of bacteria. To date, a comprehensively structural study on chloroplast FF-ATP synthase is very limited compared with their counterparts in mitochondria and bacteria. In this study, we in-situ extracted and purified chloroplast FF-ATP synthase from the photosynthetic unicellular green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The ATPase activity of the holoenzyme was validated by a combination of BN-PAGE separation and in-gel detection. We determined the structure of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii FF-ATP synthase at 3.2 Å resolution using single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The structure is in an oxidized state with a disulfide bond formation in the γ subunit. More acidic residues were found to be involved in the proton translocation across the F segment compared with their counterparts of the higher plants. Overall, the structure presented here provides novel structural information, giving us comprehensive understanding of the photosynthetic chloroplast FF-ATP synthase from lower unicellular algae to higher plants.
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