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- PDB-2bk2: The prepore structure of pneumolysin, obtained by fitting the alp... -
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Basic information
Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 2bk2 | ||||||
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Title | The prepore structure of pneumolysin, obtained by fitting the alpha carbon trace of perfringolysin O into a cryo-EM map | ||||||
![]() | PERFRINGOLYSIN O | ||||||
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Function / homology | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Similarity search - Function | ||||||
Biological species | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ||||||
Method | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ||||||
Model type details | CA ATOMS ONLY, CHAIN A | ||||||
![]() | Tilley, S.J. / Orlova, E.V. / Gilbert, R.J.C. / Andrew, P.W. / Saibil, H.R. | ||||||
![]() | ![]() Title: Structural basis of pore formation by the bacterial toxin pneumolysin. Authors: Sarah J Tilley / Elena V Orlova / Robert J C Gilbert / Peter W Andrew / Helen R Saibil / ![]() Abstract: The bacterial toxin pneumolysin is released as a soluble monomer that kills target cells by assembling into large oligomeric rings and forming pores in cholesterol-containing membranes. Using cryo-EM ...The bacterial toxin pneumolysin is released as a soluble monomer that kills target cells by assembling into large oligomeric rings and forming pores in cholesterol-containing membranes. Using cryo-EM and image processing, we have determined the structures of membrane-surface bound (prepore) and inserted-pore oligomer forms, providing a direct observation of the conformational transition into the pore form of a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin. In the pore structure, the domains of the monomer separate and double over into an arch, forming a wall sealing the bilayer around the pore. This transformation is accomplished by substantial refolding of two of the four protein domains along with deformation of the membrane. Extension of protein density into the bilayer supports earlier predictions that the protein inserts beta hairpins into the membrane. With an oligomer size of up to 44 subunits in the pore, this assembly creates a transmembrane channel 260 A in diameter lined by 176 beta strands. #1: ![]() Title: Structure of a cholesterol-binding, thiol-activated cytolysin and a model of its membrane form. Authors: J Rossjohn / S C Feil / W J McKinstry / R K Tweten / M W Parker / ![]() Abstract: The mechanisms by which proteins gain entry into membranes is a fundamental problem in biology. Here, we present the first crystal structure of a thiol-activated cytolysin, perfringolysin O, a member ...The mechanisms by which proteins gain entry into membranes is a fundamental problem in biology. Here, we present the first crystal structure of a thiol-activated cytolysin, perfringolysin O, a member of a large family of toxins that kill eukaryotic cells by punching holes in their membranes. The molecule adopts an unusually elongated shape rich in beta sheet. We have used electron microscopy data to construct a detailed model of the membrane channel form of the toxin. The structures reveal a novel mechanism for membrane insertion. Surprisingly, the toxin receptor, cholesterol, appears to play multiple roles: targeting, promotion of oligomerization, triggering a membrane insertion competent form, and stabilizing the membrane pore. | ||||||
History |
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Structure visualization
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Structure viewer | Molecule: ![]() ![]() |
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Downloads & links
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PDBx/mmCIF format | ![]() | 30.2 KB | Display | ![]() |
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PDB format | ![]() | 14.2 KB | Display | ![]() |
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-Validation report
Arichive directory | ![]() ![]() | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
Related structure data | ![]() 1106MC ![]() 1107C ![]() 1108C ![]() 2bk1C C: citing same article ( M: map data used to model this data |
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Similar structure data |
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Links
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Assembly
Deposited unit | ![]()
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3 | ![]()
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Symmetry | Point symmetry: (Schoenflies symbol![]() ![]() |
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Components
#1: Protein | Mass: 50992.805 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Fragment: RESIDUES 36-500 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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-Experimental details
-Experiment
Experiment | Method: ![]() |
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EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: ![]() |
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Sample preparation
Component | Name: PNEUMOLYSIN![]() Details: THE SAMPLE CONSISTS OF PNEUMOLYSIN IN A MEMBRANE-INSERTED PORE STATE |
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Buffer solution | Name: 8 MM NA2HP04, 1.5MM KH2PO4, 2.5 MM KCL, 0.25 MM NACL / pH: 6.95 Details: 8 MM NA2HP04, 1.5MM KH2PO4, 2.5 MM KCL, 0.25 MM NACL |
Specimen | Conc.: 0.05 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied![]() ![]() |
Specimen support | Details: HOLEY CARBON |
Vitrification![]() | Instrument: HOMEMADE PLUNGER / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Details: PLUNGED INTO ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Tecnai F20 / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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Microscopy | Model: FEI TECNAI F20 Details: SAMPLES WERE MAINTAINED AT LIQUID NITROGEN TEMPERATURES IN THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE. |
Electron gun | Electron source![]() ![]() |
Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD![]() ![]() |
Specimen holder | Temperature: 100 K / Tilt angle max: 0 ° / Tilt angle min: 0 ° |
Image recording | Electron dose: 20 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: KODAK SO-163 FILM |
Image scans | Num. digital images: 135 |
Radiation wavelength | Relative weight: 1 |
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Processing
CTF correction![]() | Details: PHASE FLIPPING | ||||||||||||
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Symmetry | Point symmetry![]() ![]() | ||||||||||||
3D reconstruction![]() | Resolution: 28 Å / Num. of particles: 223 / Nominal pixel size: 3.5 Å Details: RESIDUES 134-142 ARE MISSING FROM THE SEQUENCE. THE 31-MER CAN BE GENERATED BY APPLYING 31-FOLD ROTATIONAL SYMMETRY Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||
Atomic model building | Protocol: RIGID BODY FIT Details: METHOD--THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PERFRINOGLYSIN O (1PFO, ROSSJOHN ET AL., 1998, CELL 89, 685)WAS PLACED INTO THE CRYO-EM DENSITY MAP (EMD-1106). THE ALPHA CARBON TRACE OF PERFRINGOLYSIN 0 ...Details: METHOD--THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PERFRINOGLYSIN O (1PFO, ROSSJOHN ET AL., 1998, CELL 89, 685)WAS PLACED INTO THE CRYO-EM DENSITY MAP (EMD-1106). THE ALPHA CARBON TRACE OF PERFRINGOLYSIN 0 WAS MANUALLY POSITIONED INTO THE CRYO-EM DENSITY CORRESPONDING TO THE POSITION OF ONE SUBUNIT. THE BEST FIT WAS OBTAINED BY SEPARATING THE MONOMER INTO TWO RIGID BODIES- DOMAINS 1-3 (36-390) AND DOMAIN 4 (391-500). THE COMPLETE OLIGOMER (31-MER) WAS GENERATED AND CHECKED FOR CLOSE CONTACTS BOTH BY EYE AND USING THE CCP4 PROGRAM CONTACT. | ||||||||||||
Atomic model building | PDB-ID: 1PFO Accession code: 1PFO / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model | ||||||||||||
Refinement | Highest resolution: 28 Å | ||||||||||||
Refinement step | Cycle: LAST / Highest resolution: 28 Å
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