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TitleStructural basis of auxin recognition and transport by the plant influx carrier AUX1.
Journal, issue, pagesMol Plant, Vol. 18, Issue 8, Page 1284-1293, Year 2025
Publish dateAug 4, 2025
AuthorsHuiwen Chen / Junping Fan / Cheng Chi / Jun Zhao / Di Wu / Xiaoguang Lei / Xing Wang Deng / Daohua Jiang /
PubMed AbstractAuxin regulates numerous aspects of plant growth and development, featuring polar auxin transport mediated by auxin efflux and influx carriers. AUX1 is the major auxin importer that actively takes up ...Auxin regulates numerous aspects of plant growth and development, featuring polar auxin transport mediated by auxin efflux and influx carriers. AUX1 is the major auxin importer that actively takes up natural and synthetic auxins. However, the precise mechanisms underlying AUX1-mediated auxin recognition and transport remain elusive. Here, we present cryoelectron microscopy structures of Arabidopsis thaliana AUX1 in both apo and auxin-bound states, revealing the structural basis for auxin recognition. Structural analyses show that AUX1 assumes the LeuT-like fold in an inward-facing conformation and the auxin analog 2,4-D is recognized by polar residues located in the central cavity of AUX1. Furthermore, we identify a putative cation-binding site that contributes to stabilizing the inward-facing conformation. Interestingly, we reveal that His249 undergoes a substantial conformational shift, and its mutation completely abolishes transport activity, suggesting a crucial role for His249 in AUX1 gating. Collectively, this study provides a structural foundation for a deeper understanding of auxin influx by AUX1-like carriers.
External linksMol Plant / PubMed:40579814
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.06 - 3.26 Å
Structure data

EMDB-64489, PDB-9utd:
influx carrier substrate bound form
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.06 Å

EMDB-64490, PDB-9ute:
influx carrier apo form
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.26 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CFA:
(2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXY)ACETIC ACID

ChemComp-NA:
Unknown entry

Source
  • arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
KeywordsHORMONE / hormone transporter

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