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TitleDistinct structural mechanisms of LGR4 modulation by Norrin and RSPOs in Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 16, Issue 1, Page 6256, Year 2025
Publish dateJul 7, 2025
AuthorsHuarui Qiao / Fangzheng Hu / Yiang Wang / Lu Wang / Siyu Zhou / Shaojue Guo / Yiwen Xu / Jianfeng Xu / Qianqian Cui / Qilun Yang / H Eric Xu / Jianwei Zhu / Yong Geng /
PubMed AbstractThe Wnt/β-catenin pathway requires precise regulation for proper development and tissue homeostasis, yet the structural mechanisms enabling its fine-tuned control remain incompletely understood. ...The Wnt/β-catenin pathway requires precise regulation for proper development and tissue homeostasis, yet the structural mechanisms enabling its fine-tuned control remain incompletely understood. Here, we reveal how LGR4 achieves differential signaling outcomes through distinct recognition of two key modulators: Norrin and R-spondins (RSPOs). Using cryo-electron microscopy, we determined the structure of full-length LGR4 bound to Norrin in a 2:2 stoichiometry, revealing a molecular bridging mechanism where Norrin dimer connect two LGR4 protomers in a spatial arrangement fundamentally distinct from the LGR4-RSPO2-ZNRF3 complex. Notably, Norrin binding to LGR4 sterically hinders simultaneous interaction with the Frizzled4 receptor, establishing a regulatory checkpoint in Wnt signaling. The partially overlapping binding sites for Norrin and RSPOs on LGR4 enable mutually exclusive interactions that drive distinct signaling outcomes. Disease-linked mutations map to distinct functional regions: those disrupting LGR4 interaction are associated with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), while others impairing Frizzled4 binding are linked to Norrie disease. Furthermore, we developed a high-affinity nanobody that blocks both Norrin and RSPO binding to LGR4, providing a potential tool for therapeutic intervention. These findings elucidate the structural basis of LGR4's dual signaling roles and lay the groundwork for therapeutic strategies targeting Wnt-related diseases.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:40624078 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.05 Å
Structure data

64380

9uok

EMDB-64380, PDB-9uok:
Structure of the complex of LGR4_ECD with Norrin
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.05 Å

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • camelus ferus (Wild Bactrian camel)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / LGR4 Norrin

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