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TitlePotent Cross-neutralizing Antibodies Reveal Vulnerabilities of Henipavirus Fusion Glycoprotein.
Journal, issue, pagesAdv Sci (Weinh), Vol. 12, Issue 27, Page e2501996, Year 2025
Publish dateApr 29, 2025
AuthorsYi Ren / Pengfei Fan / Xinghai Zhang / Ting Fang / Zhengshan Chen / Yanfeng Yao / Xiangyang Chi / Guanying Zhang / Xiaofan Zhao / Bingjie Sun / Fangxu Li / Zixuan Liu / Zhenwei Song / Baoyue Zhang / Cheng Peng / Entao Li / Yilong Yang / Jianmin Li / Sandra Chiu / Changming Yu /
PubMed AbstractHendra and Nipah viruses (HNVs), zoonotic paramyxoviruses with >50% case fatality rates, cause fatal encephalitis and respiratory disease, yet lack approved therapies. Here, nine rhesus-derived ...Hendra and Nipah viruses (HNVs), zoonotic paramyxoviruses with >50% case fatality rates, cause fatal encephalitis and respiratory disease, yet lack approved therapies. Here, nine rhesus-derived monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the fusion glycoprotein (F) prefusion conformation are developed. Four mAbs exhibit first-rate cross-neutralization against HNVs, with two showing synergistic potency when combined with attachment glycoprotein (G)-specific mAbs. Single-dose administration of mAbs confers robust protection against lethal Nipah virus challenge in hamsters. Structural insights reveal that 8 of the 9 potent mAbs adopt a human IGHV4-59-like framework with protruding CDRH3 loops, forming pushpin-shaped paratopes that stabilize the prefusion F-trimer by occupying vulnerable interprotomer cavities. Systematic mutational profiling identifies 14 prefusion-locking residues within the F ectodomain, classified as i) structural linchpins governing fusogenicity or ii) immunodominant hotspots targeted by cross-neutralizing mAbs. This work delivers promising therapeutic candidates against HNVs and provides blueprints for the rational design of antibodies and vaccines targeting viral fusion machinery.
External linksAdv Sci (Weinh) / PubMed:40298900 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution1.99 - 2.22 Å
Structure data

63982

9ua9

EMDB-63982, PDB-9ua9:
Nipah virus fusion glycoprotein in complex with a broadly neutralizing antibody 1D6
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 1.99 Å

63983

9uaa

EMDB-63983, PDB-9uaa:
Nipah virus fusion glycoprotein in complex with a broadly neutralizing antibody 5C8
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.22 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

Source
  • henipavirus nipahense
  • macaca (macaques)
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN/IMMUNE SYSTEM / Henipavirus / Fusion glycoprotein / Antibody / ANTIVIRAL PROTEIN / VIRAL PROTEIN / VIRAL PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex

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