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TitleLipid dependence of connexin-32 gap junction channel conformations.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Year 2025
Publish dateDec 5, 2025
AuthorsPia Lavriha / Carina Fluri / Jorge Enrique Hernández González / Volodymyr M Korkhov /
PubMed AbstractConnexin-32 (Cx32) gap junction channels (GJCs) mediate intercellular coupling in various tissues, including myelinating Schwann cells. Mutations in Cx32, such as W3S, are associated with X-linked ...Connexin-32 (Cx32) gap junction channels (GJCs) mediate intercellular coupling in various tissues, including myelinating Schwann cells. Mutations in Cx32, such as W3S, are associated with X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT1X) disease. Lipids regulate Cx32 GJC permeation, although the regulatory mechanism is unclear. Here, we determine the cryo-EM structures of Cx32 GJCs reconstituted in nanodiscs, revealing that phospholipids block the Cx32 GJC pore by binding to the site formed by N-terminal gating helices. The phospholipid-bound state is contingent on the presence of a sterol molecule in a hydrophobic pocket formed by the N-terminus: the N-terminal helix of Cx32 fails to sustain a phospholipid binding site in the absence of cholesterol hemisuccinate. The CMT1X-linked W3S mutant which has an impaired sterol binding site adopts a conformation of the N-terminus incompatible with phospholipid binding. Our results indicate that different lipid species control connexin channel gating directly by influencing the conformation of the N-terminal gating helix.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:41350533
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.35 - 3.29 Å
Structure data

53240

9qn9

EMDB-53240, PDB-9qn9:
Connexin-32 (Cx32) gap junction channel in POPC-containing nanodiscs in the absence of CHS
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.12 Å

53244

9qnd

EMDB-53244, PDB-9qnd:
Connexin-32 (Cx32) W3S mutant gap junction channel in POPC-containing MSP2N2 nanodiscs
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.35 Å

53245

9qnf

EMDB-53245, PDB-9qnf:
Connexin-32 (Cx32) in MSP2N2 nanodiscs with POPC
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.16 Å

53250

9qnt

EMDB-53250, PDB-9qnt:
Connexin-32 (Cx32) in MSP2N2 nanodiscs with liver polar lipids
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.29 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-POV:
(2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate / phospholipid*YM

ChemComp-CLR:
CHOLESTEROL

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • aequorea victoria (jellyfish)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / Ion channel / gap junction / membrane transport / Gap junction channel / connexin-32 / lipids

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