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TitleRapid restoration of potent neutralization activity against the latest Omicron variant JN.1 via AI rational design and antibody engineering.
Journal, issue, pagesProc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 122, Issue 6, Page e2406659122, Year 2025
Publish dateFeb 11, 2025
AuthorsYunji Liao / Hang Ma / Zhenyu Wang / Shusheng Wang / Yang He / Yunsong Chang / Huifang Zong / Haoneng Tang / Lei Wang / Yong Ke / Huiyu Cai / Ping Li / Jian Tang / Hua Chen / Aleksandra Drelich / Bi-Hung Peng / Jason Hsu / Vivian Tat / Chien-Te K Tseng / Jingjing Song / Yunsheng Yuan / Mingyuan Wu / Junjun Liu / Yali Yue / Xiaoju Zhang / Ziqi Wang / Li Yang / Jing Li / Xiaodan Ni / Hongshi Li / Yuning Xiang / Yanlin Bian / Baohong Zhang / Haiyang Yin / Dimiter S Dimitrov / John Gilly / Lei Han / Hua Jiang / Yueqing Xie / Jianwei Zhu /
PubMed AbstractThe rapid evolution of the viral genome has led to the continual generation of new variants of SARS-CoV-2. Developing antibody drugs with broad-spectrum and high efficiency is a long-term task. It is ...The rapid evolution of the viral genome has led to the continual generation of new variants of SARS-CoV-2. Developing antibody drugs with broad-spectrum and high efficiency is a long-term task. It is promising but challenging to develop therapeutic neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) through in vitro evolution based on antigen-antibody binding interactions. From an early B cell antibody repertoire, we isolated antibody 8G3 that retains its nonregressive neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.1 and various other strains in vitro. 8G3 protected ACE2 transgenic mice from BA.1 and WA1/2020 virus infection without adverse clinical manifestations and completely cleared viral load in the lungs. Similar to most IGHV3-53 antibodies, the binding sites of 8G3 and ACE2 largely overlap, enabling competition with ACE2 for binding to RBD. By comprehensively considering the binding free energy changes of the antigen-antibody complexes, the biological environment of their interactions, and the evolutionary direction of the antibodies, we were able to select 50 mutants. Among them, 11 were validated by experiments showing better neutralizing activities. Further, a combination of four mutations were identified in 8G3 that increased its neutralization potency against JN.1, the latest Omicron mutant, by approximately 1,500-fold, and one of the mutations led to an improvement in activity against multiple variants to a certain extent. Together, we established a procedure of rapid selection of neutralizing antibodies with potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralization activity. Our results provide a reference for engineering neutralizing antibodies against future SARS-CoV-2 variants and even other pandemic viruses.
External linksProc Natl Acad Sci U S A / PubMed:39908098 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.8 Å
Structure data

61766

9js4

EMDB-61766, PDB-9js4:
Cryo-EM structure of neutralizing antibody 8G3 in complex with BA.1 RBD
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.8 Å

Source
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg man)
  • severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / SARS-CoV-2 / neutralizing antibody / RBD

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