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TitleStructural mechanisms for VMAT2 inhibition by tetrabenazine.
Journal, issue, pagesElife, Vol. 12, Year 2024
Publish dateMar 22, 2024
AuthorsMichael P Dalton / Mary Hongying Cheng / Ivet Bahar / Jonathan A Coleman /
PubMed AbstractThe vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is a proton-dependent antiporter responsible for loading monoamine neurotransmitters into synaptic vesicles. Dysregulation of VMAT2 can lead to several ...The vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is a proton-dependent antiporter responsible for loading monoamine neurotransmitters into synaptic vesicles. Dysregulation of VMAT2 can lead to several neuropsychiatric disorders including Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. Furthermore, drugs such as amphetamine and MDMA are known to act on VMAT2, exemplifying its role in the mechanisms of actions for drugs of abuse. Despite VMAT2's importance, there remains a critical lack of mechanistic understanding, largely driven by a lack of structural information. Here, we report a 3.1 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of VMAT2 complexed with tetrabenazine (TBZ), a non-competitive inhibitor used in the treatment of Huntington's chorea. We find TBZ interacts with residues in a central binding site, locking VMAT2 in an occluded conformation and providing a mechanistic basis for non-competitive inhibition. We further identify residues critical for cytosolic and lumenal gating, including a cluster of hydrophobic residues which are involved in a lumenal gating strategy. Our structure also highlights three distinct polar networks that may determine VMAT2 conformational dynamics and play a role in proton transduction. The structure elucidates mechanisms of VMAT2 inhibition and transport, providing insights into VMAT2 architecture, function, and the design of small-molecule therapeutics.
External linksElife / PubMed:38517752 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.12 Å
Structure data

41269

8thr

EMDB-41269: Structure of the human vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) bound to Tetrabenazine in an occluded conformation
PDB-8thr: Structure of the human vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) bound to tetrabenazine in an occluded conformation
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.12 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-EBZ:
(3S,5R,11bS)-9,10-dimethoxy-3-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • vicugna pacos (alpaca)
  • aequorea victoria (jellyfish)
KeywordsTRANSPORT PROTEIN / monoamine / neurotransmitter / synaptic vesicles / major facilitator superfamily / SLC18

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