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TitlePreferential Regulation of Γ-Secretase-Mediated Cleavage of APP by Ganglioside GM1 Reveals a Potential Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease.
Journal, issue, pagesAdv Sci (Weinh), Vol. 10, Issue 32, Page e2303411, Year 2023
Publish dateSep 27, 2023
AuthorsXiaotong Wang / Rui Zhou / Xiaqin Sun / Jun Li / Jinxin Wang / Weihua Yue / Lifang Wang / Hesheng Liu / Yigong Shi / Dai Zhang /
PubMed AbstractA hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the senile plaque, which contains β-amyloid peptides (Aβ). Ganglioside GM1 is the most common brain ganglioside. However, the mechanism of GM1 in ...A hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the senile plaque, which contains β-amyloid peptides (Aβ). Ganglioside GM1 is the most common brain ganglioside. However, the mechanism of GM1 in modulating Aβ processing is rarely known. Aβ levels are detected by using Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) is used to determine the structure of γ-secretase supplemented with GM1. The levels of the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP)/Cadherin/Notch1 are detected using Western blot analysis. Y maze, object translocation, and Barnes maze are performed to evaluate cognitive functions. GM1 leads to conformational change of γ-secretase structure and specifically accelerates γ-secretase cleavage of APP without affecting other substrates including Notch1, potentially through its interaction with the N-terminal fragment of presenilin 1 (PS1). Reduction of GM1 levels decreases amyloid plaque deposition and improves cognitive dysfunction. This study reveals the mechanism of GM1 in Aβ generation and provides the evidence that decreasing GM1 levels represents a potential strategy in AD treatment. These results provide insights into the detailed mechanism of the effect of GM1 on PS1, representing a step toward the characterization of its novel role in the modulation of γ-secretase activity and the pathogenesis of AD.
External linksAdv Sci (Weinh) / PubMed:37759382 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.4 Å
Structure data

35572

8im7

EMDB-35572, PDB-8im7:
Human gamma-secretase treated with ganglioside GM1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.4 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

ChemComp-PC1:
1,2-DIACYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE / phospholipid*YM

ChemComp-CLR:
CHOLESTEROL

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / intramembrane protease / lipid / ganglioside / GM1

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