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TitleBacterial collagenase harnesses collagen geometry for processive cleavage.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Year 2026
Publish dateApr 2, 2026
AuthorsHiroya Oki / Katsuki Takebe / Adjoa Bonsu / Kazunori Fujii / Ryo Masuda / Nicholas Henderson / Takehiko Mima / Takaki Koide / Mahmoud Moradi / Osamu Matsushita / Joshua Sakon / Kazuki Kawahara /
PubMed AbstractCollagen, the major structural protein in the animal extracellular matrix, forms a triple helix that resists proteolysis and requires specialised enzymes for degradation. Flesh-eating bacteria ...Collagen, the major structural protein in the animal extracellular matrix, forms a triple helix that resists proteolysis and requires specialised enzymes for degradation. Flesh-eating bacteria secrete collagenases that unwind the collagen triple helix and processively trim Gly-X-Y triplet repeats, yet the molecular basis of this process has remained obscure. Here, cryo-electron microscopy reveals how Hathewaya histolytica collagenase ColH engages its substrate and exploits the helix's architecture for catalysis. ColH encircles a single collagen triple helix in a closed-ring conformation and, through dynamic domain motions, dehydrates and destabilises it. The enzyme undergoes substrate-assisted twisting to adopt a rigid ratcheted conformation, in which one chain is bent into a tripeptide-long 'bight' and threaded into the active site for cleavage, while two uncut strands are partitioned to non-catalytic sites. Release of the bight appears to reset the enzyme, with the uncut strands serving as guiding tracks. Repeated cycling between dynamic and rigid states likely enables triplet-by-triplet translocation, allowing ColH to harness collagen's geometry for processive degradation. These findings reveal a bacterial strategy for collagen unwinding and cleavage distinct from that of mammalian collagenases, highlighting divergent evolutionary solutions for degrading one of nature's most intractable substrates.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:41927550
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.2 - 3.41 Å
Structure data

EMDB-63297: Cryo-EM map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica bound to C-terminal region of collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10
PDB-9lqj: Cryo-EM structure of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica bound to C-terminal region of collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.68 Å

EMDB-63331: Consensus map of apo collagenase H from Hathewaya histolytica
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.28 Å

EMDB-63332: Cryo-EM map of apo collagenase H from Hathewaya histolytica - focused map of the Peptidase-Helper-PKD1 domains
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.24 Å

EMDB-63333: Cryo-EM map of apo collagenase H from Hathewaya histolytica - focused map of the ARM domain
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.41 Å

EMDB-63334: Consensus map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.33 Å

EMDB-63335: Cryo-EM map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10 - focused map of ColH bound to the C-terminal region of collagen model peptide
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.06 Å

EMDB-63336: Cryo-EM map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10 - focused map of ColH bound to the N-terminal region of collagen model peptide
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.41 Å

EMDB-63337: Composite map of apo collagenase H from Hathewaya histolytica
PDB-9lrk: Cryo-EM structure of apo collagenase H from Hathewaya histolytica
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.2 Å

EMDB-63339: Composite map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10
PDB-9lrm: Cryo-EM structure of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.4 Å

EMDB-63508: Consensus map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)12
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.83 Å

EMDB-63509: Cryo-EM map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)12 - focused map of the ARM domain
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.86 Å

EMDB-63510: Cryo-EM map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)12 - focused map of the Peptidase-Helper-PKD1 domains
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.76 Å

EMDB-63511: Composite map of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)12
PDB-9lyi: Cryo-EM structure of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica in complex with collagen model peptide (Pro-Hyp-Gly)12
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.8 Å

EMDB-65889, PDB-9wdc:
Cryo-EM structure of collagenase H (E416Q mutant) from Hathewaya histolytica bound to C-terminal region of the collagen-binding protein ColH (Pro-Pro-Gly)10
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.22 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CA:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-ZN:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

Source
  • hathewaya histolytica (bacteria)
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsMETAL BINDING PROTEIN / Collagenase / Hathewaya histolytica / Clostridium histolyticum

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