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TitleInsights into the spool-like architecture and infection strategy of an enveloped archaeal virus.
Journal, issue, pagesSci Adv, Vol. 11, Issue 29, Page eadv7326, Year 2025
Publish dateJul 18, 2025
AuthorsHaonan Zhang / Haina Wang / Yan Li / Yunxuan Fan / Zhenfeng Zhang / Hongyu Chen / Kai Song / Li Huang / Ping Zhu /
PubMed AbstractArchaeal viruses are well known for their diverse morphologies and extreme stability. Here, we used cryo-electron tomography to analyze the structure of ellipsoid virus 1 (SEV1), an archaeal virus ...Archaeal viruses are well known for their diverse morphologies and extreme stability. Here, we used cryo-electron tomography to analyze the structure of ellipsoid virus 1 (SEV1), an archaeal virus with an ellipsoidal shape and a lipid envelope, and its infection strategy. We show that the SEV1 nucleocapsid adopts a "coil-stacking" architecture with substantial flexibility. The major capsid protein VP4, whose homologs are widespread in the thermoacidic environments around the Pacific Rim, binds genomic DNA in the formation of a nucleoprotein filament with a "beads-on-a-string" appearance. The virion is notably stable at high temperature and acidic pH, and the envelope of SEV1 is crucial to the thermostability of the virion. The infected cell undergoes cytoplasmic condensation to form patches associated with the assembly intermediates of the progeny virions. The nascent virions are released through virus-associated pyramids (VAPs), which are constructed of an SEV1 protein distinctly different at the amino acid sequence level from other known VAP proteins.
External linksSci Adv / PubMed:40680112 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (subtomogram averaging)
Resolution18.1 - 40.8 Å
Structure data

EMDB-62178: The average map of six beads composed of the nucleocapsid protein from SEV1
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 18.1 Å

EMDB-62341: The average map of eighteen beads composed of the NP from SEV1.
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 21.1 Å

EMDB-62342: The DNA coil forming by the nucleoprotein filaments in SEV1
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 24.7 Å

EMDB-62348: The lattice-like arrangement of nucleocapsid beads in SEV1
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 36.2 Å

EMDB-62349: The averaged map of pronounced stacking discs with a conspicuous channel
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 40.8 Å

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