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TitleDiscovery and mechanism of negative allosteric modulation of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by nanobodies.
Journal, issue, pagesProc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 123, Issue 4, Page e2514734123, Year 2026
Publish dateJan 27, 2026
AuthorsNathalie Barilone / Maria Vangelatou / F Zahra Marouf / Gabrielle Dejean de la Bâtie / Qimeng Li / Pierre Lafaye / Gabriel Aymé / Pierre-Jean Corringer / Marie S Prevost /
PubMed Abstractα7 nicotinic receptors are neurotransmitter-gated ion channels involved in neurological and inflammatory diseases. Ligands acting on its neurotransmitter binding site and on the channel domain of ...α7 nicotinic receptors are neurotransmitter-gated ion channels involved in neurological and inflammatory diseases. Ligands acting on its neurotransmitter binding site and on the channel domain of α7 have been extensively developed, yielding a wide range of orthosteric effectors and allosteric positive modulators. Here, we present the functional and structural characterization of two camelid antibody fragments, or nanobodies, F1 and E6, that inhibit α7 activity by acting as negative allosteric modulators, an underrepresented class of ligands. Cryo-EM structures of the nanobodies in complex with α7 show that both nanobodies form a pentameric bundle at the apex of the receptor, each nanobody interacting through a conserved set of residues at α7 subunit interfaces. Electrophysiological experiments suggest that E6 inhibits the activity of α7 by stabilizing its resting conformation, and that internanobodies interactions are key to its activity. Those two nanobodies expand the toolbox for human α7 modulation, opening new possibilities for its pharmacological control with far reaching potentialities in clinics.
External linksProc Natl Acad Sci U S A / PubMed:41576092 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.16 - 2.28 Å
Structure data

EMDB-53355, PDB-9qtn:
Human alpha7 nicotinic receptor in complex with the F1 nanobody
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.28 Å

EMDB-53356, PDB-9qto:
Human alpha7 nicotinic receptor in complex with the E6 nanobody
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.16 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • vicugna pacos (alpaca)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / Nicotinic receptor / Nanobody

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