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Structure paper

TitleStructural basis for human chondroitin sulfate chain polymerization.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 16, Issue 1, Page 11663, Year 2025
Publish dateNov 26, 2025
AuthorsPoushalee Dutta / Rosa L Cordeiro / Mélanie Friedel-Arboleas / Marie Bourgeais / Sylvain D Vallet / Margot Weber / Margaux Molinas / Huazhang Shu / Magnus N N Grønset / Rebecca L Miller / Elisabetta Boeri Erba / Rebekka Wild /
PubMed AbstractChondroitin sulfates are complex polysaccharide chains that regulate various biological processes at the cell surface and within the extracellular matrix. Here, we identify four heterodimeric ...Chondroitin sulfates are complex polysaccharide chains that regulate various biological processes at the cell surface and within the extracellular matrix. Here, we identify four heterodimeric complexes responsible for chondroitin sulfate chain polymerization in humans: CHSY1-CHPF, CHSY1-CHPF2, CHSY3-CHPF, and CHSY3-CHPF2. Using a custom-tailored in vitro glycosylation assay based on chemo-enzymatically synthesized fluorescent substrates, we demonstrate that all four complexes exhibit chain polymerization activity. The cryo-EM structure of the CHSY3-CHPF complex provides molecular insights into the chondroitin sulfate chain polymerization reaction. The architecture of the catalytic sites suggests that CHSY1 and CHSY3 are enzymatically active, while CHPF and CHPF2 primarily play a stabilizing role. Mutational analysis of purified enzyme complexes, combined with an in cellulo complementation assay, confirms that only CHSY1 and CHSY3 have bifunctional glycosyltransferase activities. Based on the spatial arrangement of the catalytic sites, we propose that chondroitin sulfate chain polymerization follows a non-processive, distributive mechanism.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:41298522 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.9 - 3.0 Å
Structure data

52913

9q8z

EMDB-52913, PDB-9q8z:
Human chondroitin sulfate polymerase complex CHSY3-CHPF
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

EMDB-53011: Focused refinement map of CHSY3-CHPF complex: N-terminal part
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.9 Å

EMDB-53012: Focused refinement map of CHSY3-CHPF complex: C-terminal part
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

EMDB-53018: Consensus map of CHSY3-CHPF complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

ChemComp-UDP:
URIDINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / UDP*YM

ChemComp-MN:
Unknown entry

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsTRANSFERASE / glycosyltransferase / chondroitin sulfate / polymerization / heterodimeric complex

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